Clinical Microscopy Flashcards
Perform the INITIAL MAGNIFICATION of the object on the mechanical stage
Objective
FURTHER MAGNIFIED object that has been enhanced by the objectives for viewing
Ocular (eyepiece)
Moves the MECHANICAL STAGE noticeably up and down until the object comes into view for initial focusing
Course adjustment knob
Adjustment to SHARPEN THE IMAGE
Fine adjustment knob
✓ Illumination for the modern microscope
✓equipped with RHEOSTAT to regulate the intensity of the light
✓filters may also be placed to vary the elimination and wavelengths of the emitted light
Light source
FOCUSES the LIGHT on the SPECIMEN and controls the light for uniform illumination
Condenser
CONTROLS THE AMOUNT OF LIGHT and the ANGLE OF LIGHT RAYS that pass to the specimen and lens, which affects resolution, contrast, and depth of the field of image;
Aperture (Iris) diaphragm
CONTROLS THE DIAMETER of the LIGHT BEAM reaching the slide and is adjusted for optimal illumination
Field diaphragm
✓Identifies the WBCs, EPITHELIAL CELLS, AND CASTS
✓Delineates structure and contrasting colors of the NUCLEUS AND CYTOPLASM
✓Crystal Violet and Safranin O
Sternheimer-Malbin
✓ Enhances nuclear detail
✓ Differentiate WBC’s and Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells
Toluidine blue
✓ Stains TRIGLYCERIDES and NEUTRAL FATS ORANGE-RED
✓Identifies Free Fat Droplets and Lipid-containing Cells and Casts
Lipid stains: Oil Red O and Sudan III
✓ Differentiates Gram-positive and Gram-negative Bacteria
✓ IDENTIFIES BACTERIAP CASTS
Gram stain
✓ Methylene Blue and eosin Y stain eosinophilic granules
✓ identifies Urinary Eosinophils
Hansel stain
✓ Stain structures containing iron
✓ identifies yellow-brown granules of hemosiderin in cells and casts
Prussian blue stain
Simple stain used to enhance nuclear details of epithelial cells in urine
Methylene blue