verbs Flashcards
تشویق کردن ، کف زدن
applaud /əˈplɔːd $ əˈplɒːd/
A crowd of 300 supporters warmly applauded her speech.
She should be applauded for her honesty.
شباهت داشتن ، همانند بودن
to look like or be similar to someone or something
resemble /rɪˈzembəl/
It’s amazing how closely Brian and Steve resemble each other.
He grew up to resemble his father.
bear a resemblance to somebody/something
The child bore a striking resemblance to his father.
bear a relation to somebody/something
The things she says bear little relation to what she actually does.
take after somebody :
Jenni really takes after her mother.
He takes after his mother’s side of the family
بوقت دیگر موکول کردن
(جلسه و مذاکره و غیره) تعطیل و به بعد موکول کردن
موقتا تعطیل کردن
(عامیانه - جلسه یا گردهمایی و غیره را) از جایی به جای دیگر منتقل کردن
موکول بروز دیگر شدن
adjourn /əˈdʒɜːn $ -ɜːrn/
At midday the meeting was adjourned for lunch.
The president adjourned the meeting when it was clear that no decision could be reached.
We decided to adjourn and meet again next week
The meeting adjourned after the final round of voting.
خیساندن
خیس خوردن
to soak .I usually soak the beans overnight. من معمولاً لوبیاها را یک شب می‌خیسانم. Leave the apricots to soak for 20 minutes. بگذارید زردآلوها بیست دقیقه خیس بخورند.
شرط بستن
to bet
He bet me £10 that I wouldn’t do it.
She bet all her money on a horse that came last.
place/make a wager
I placed/made a wager on a horse
stake something on somebody/something
Kevin is staking his reputation on the success of the project.
Jim staked his whole fortune on one card game.
I’m sure that’s Jesse – I’d stake my life on it.
قرعه کشی کردن
to draw/cast lot
We drew lots to decide who should go first.
بسلامتی کسی نوشیدن
to toast
They toasted the birth of their new baby with champagne
drink a toast with sb
چشیدن از چیزی
to have a taste (of something)
You must have a taste of the fruitcake
کسی را مستحق چیزی دانستن
to give someone the official right to do or have something
to entitle sb to sth
Full-time employees are entitled to receive health insurance
Membership entitles you to the monthly journal.
Membership entitles you to the monthly journal.
give sb the right to sth
اتفاقی رخ دادن چیزی
to do something by chance
happen to do something
I happened to see James in town.
I happened to meet my cousin at the concert
به نابودی کشاندن ، نابود کردن
to completely spoil something so that it cannot continue in a successful way
to wreck
Injury threatened to wreck his sporting career.
It was drink that wrecked their marriage.
to ruin
blight
A broken leg blighted her chances of winning the championship.
بدست آوردن
obtain something
get hold of :
Where can I get hold of some stamps?
How can I get ahold of Chris?
I need to get hold of Tom’s address
نظر خود را عوض کردن
change one’s mind
Would you change your mind for me?
به جایی نرسیدن ، نتیجه‌ای / فایده‌ای نداشتن ، جواب ندادن
to get nowhere
Talking to him will get you nowhere.
حرف زدن با او نتیجه‌ای نخواهد داشت.
We discussed it all morning but got nowhere.
ما تمام صبح بر سر آن بحث کردیم اما به جایی نرسید.
be no good (doing sth)
It’s no good trying to talk me out of leaving.
سعی بر منصرف کردن من از رفتن فایده‌ای ندارد.
Amount to nothing
I used to study from dawn to dusk but my attempts amounted to nothing.
من قبلا از صبح تا شب درس میخواندم اما تلاشم به هیچ جایی نرسید.
اعتراف /اقرار کردن
get off one’s chest
I have to get this off my chest. I broke your window with a stone
confess to (doing) something
She confessed to me that she had known his true identity for some time
Edwards confessed to being a spy for the KGB.
Occasionally people confess to crimes they haven’t committed just to get attention.
My husband confessed he’d been having an affair with a woman in his office.
He confessed to having a secret admiration for his opponent.
Torture was used and Fian confessed.
to concede /kənˈsiːd/
I conceded that I had made a number of errors.
admit
Greene admitted causing death by reckless driving.
A quarter of all workers admit to taking time off when they are not ill.
After questioning, he admitted to the murder.
No organization has admitted responsibility for the bombing.
معنی دادن مفهوم داشتن، منطقی بودن
to be clear and easy to understand
make sense:
This last paragraph doesn’t make any sense.
جا افتادن و خود را پیدا کردن
to become familiar with and confident in a new situation
find your feet
Did it take you long to find your feet when you started your new job?
بهتر شدن اوضاع
to look up
I hope things will start to look up in the new year.
Our financial situation is looking up at last.
فرصت را از دست دادن
to spoil a chance to do something well or achieve something
miss out (on (something)) Other people my age are married and have families, and I am beginning to feel I am missing out. We missed out on a chance to get a cheaper mortgage.
muff( up)
You’ll probably only get one chance to take a photo, so don’t muff it!
روی پاهای خود ایستادن - مستقل شدن
stand on one’s own two feet
My sister needs to do something to make her daughter stand on her own two feet
حمایت کردن از - طرفدار/هوادار کسی بودن
stand for
This party stands for low taxes and individual freedom.
این حزب طرفدار مالیات‌های کم و آزادی فردی است.
root for
You can do it – I’m rooting for you
We’re rooting for the Bulls.
مخفف چیزی بودن
stand for
‘GMT’ stands for Greenwich Mean Time.
“جی‌ام‌تی” مخفف ساعت جهانی گرینویچ است.
be short for
W.H.O. is short for ‘World Health Organization’.
be the abbreviation of/for
‘Dr’ is the written abbreviation of ‘Doctor’.
اتفاقی/شانسی چیزی پیدا کردن
to find someone or something by accident or in an unplanned manner
stumble across/upon (someone or something)
I stumbled across a very nice restaurant last weekend.
to come across something
I came across an old diary in her desk.
He came across some of his old love letters in his wife’s drawer.
او برخی از نامه‌های عاشقانه قدیمی‌اش را اتفاقی در کشوی همسرش پیدا کرد.
to happen on sth
I happened on the restaurant by chance
حوصله کسی را با چیزی سر بردن
bore somebody with something
I won’t bore you with all the technical details.
سوراخکاری کردن
bore through/into
To build the tunnel they had to bore through solid rock.
طولانی شدن - کش پیدا کردن
to continue for much longer than necessary or for longer than you want
drag on for
The meeting dragged on for another hour.
The talks dragged on, with no apparent hope of achieving a peaceful solution.
to spill over into
The talks between the two leaders look likely to spill over into the weekend
به انجام کاری ادامه دادن
to continue doing something
carry on doing something
You’ll have an accident if you carry on driving like that.
I want to carry on with my course.
Mr Dean carried on his baking business until he retired.
It was so noisy it was hard to carry on a conversation.
keep on doing something
She is careless and keeps on making the same mistakes over and over
go on doing something
He went on working until he was 91.
(با کسی) خوب تا کردن - خوب بودن (با یکدیگر)
to like each other and have a friendly relationship with each other
get on well with
I’ve always got on well with Henry.
The two boys get on well most of the time.
to get along with somebody/gɛt əˈlɔŋ/
She and her new roommate are getting along.
او و هم‌اتاقی جدیدش با هم خوب هستند.
be compatible
see eye to eye
وراجی/پرحرفی کردن
to talk about sth for a long time in a boring way
to go on [and on] about sth
He went on and on about his car
harp on (about) something
He kept harping on about his education
My grandfather harps on about the war all the time
باقی ماندن
to continue to be in a place, job, or school after the other people who were with you have left:
stay on
He resigned as chairman, but stayed on as an instructor.
برنامه ریختن برای کاری
to think about and decide what you are going to do or how you are going to do something
plan sth out
I’ve planned out the day - train to town, some shopping, then a slap-up meal and a show
(از دهان کسی) در رفتن ، فاش شدن ، لو رفتن
to allow a piece of (secret) information to be revealed
to slip out
I didn’t mean to say it. The words slipped out.
It slipped out that the government is planning to close the large downtown hospital.
to come out
After her death, it came out that she’d lied about her age.
بعد از مرگش، معلوم شد که درباره سنش دروغ گفته بود.
The full story came out at the trial.
کل ماجرا در دادگاه برملا شد
leak (out )
The document had been widely leaked.
Confidential information that has been leaked from the BBC.
The report was leaked to the press
No sooner had the news leaked out than my telephone started ringing.
Details of the plan soon leaked out.
جزئیات نقشه خیلی زود لو رفت.
News of the pay cuts had somehow leaked out
خبر کاهش حقوق به طریقی لو رفته بود.
گند زدن
to ruin something or do something very badly
fluff
I fluffed my driving test three times before I finally got it.
All the time I was acting with him, I never once heard him fluff his lines (= say something wrong when acting)
bugger something up
It really buggered up our plans when the train was cancelled.
bum out
I guess I bummed out on the interview because I didn’t get the job.
butcher
That hairdresser really butchered my hair
screw something up
She realized that she had screwed up her life.
mess something up (informal)
It took me ages to get this right – I don’t want some idiot to mess it up.
She felt she’d messed up her whole life.
If there’s any delay, it will mess up our whole schedule
to crap up something
I really crapped up that project at work—I’m going to get fired for sure!
من واقعاً سر کار به آن پروژه گند زدم؛ قطعاً اخراج خواهم شد!
make a mess
The kids made a mess in the bathroom.
بچه‌ها در دستشویی گند بالا آوردند.
شانه خالی کردن از
از زیر کاری در رفتن
روی گرداندن از
طفره زدن
abdicate responsibility /ˈæbdɪkeɪt/
The government has largely abdicated its responsibility in dealing with housing needs.
shrink (from something)
We need someone who won’t shrink from making tough decisions and challenges
If you shirk your responsibilities/duties now, the situation will be much harder to deal with next month.
parents who shirk their responsibilities towards their children are increasing these days
If you shirk your responsibilities/duties now, the situation will just be that much harder to deal with next month.
I shall not shirk from my obligations.
evade responsibility /ɪˈveɪd/
You can’t go on evading your responsibilities in this way.
You’re simply trying to evade the problem
Please don’t think I’m trying to evade my responsibility
to be evasive about sth
Paul’s being a bit evasive about this job.
dodge
Senator O’Brian skillfully dodged the crucial question
hedge
When asked for an answer, he hedged, saying that he needed to discuss the matter with his colleagues
our newspaper will never hedge on public matters
run away from (doing) something
I don’t often run away from difficult decisions
من اغلب از تصمیمات دشوار فرار نمی کنم
She accused him of running away from his responsibilities.
to sidestep
This is not a responsibility you can sidestep.
The report sidesteps the environmental issues.
chicken out:
You’re not chickening out, are you?
cop out
She copped out of the parachute jump at the last minute with some feeble excuse
Lots of people said they’d help but they’ve all copped out
to have sex
get it on with sb
Did you get it on with him?
to get laid
He just wanted to get laid.
اکتفاء/بسنده کردن
to accept something even though it is not the best, or not what you really want
settle for something
They want $2,500 for it, but they might settle for $2,000.
قسر در رفتن - از زیر چیزی در رفتن
get away with sth
If I thought I could get away with it, I wouldn’t pay my taxes at all.
به تعویق انداختن
delay :
He decided to delay his decision until he had seen the full report.
postpone :
The meeting was postponed.
hold off (on) doing something
Could you hold off making your decision for a few days?
می‌توانی تصمیم‌گیری‌ات را برای چند روزی به تعویق بیندازی؟
We can get a new computer now or hold off until prices are lower.
ما می‌توانیم الان یک کامپیوتر جدید بخریم یا دست‌نگه‌داریم تا قیمت‌ها پایین‌تر بیایند.
set back something :
The opening of the new swimming pool has been set back by a few weeks.
A war would inevitably set back the process of reform.
carry sth over
The performance has had to be carried over to/till next week because the repairs to the theatre aren’t finished yet.
defer
The decision had been deferred until after a meeting of the directors.
She decided to defer her university application for a year so that she could go travelling.
to put off (doing ) something
I used to put off making difficult decisions.
The game has been put off till next week.
procrastinate /prəˈkræstəneɪt, prəˈkræstɪneɪt/
Don’t procrastinate – make a start on your assignments as soon as you get them.
People often procrastinate when it comes to paperwork
دست‌نگه‌داشتن - کاری را انجام ندادن - تند نرفتن
hold one’s horses
“Dad, I’m going to quit school.” “Hold your horses! Let’s talk!”
جشن برپا کردن مراسم گرفتن
to hold a ceremony
The villagers held a memorial ceremony for those who lost their lives in the war.
روستایی‌ها برای آنهایی که جانشان را در جنگ از دست داده بودند مراسم یادبود گرفتند.
تضعیف روحیه کردن
to do or say things that will make your opponent in a game or competition feel nervous or confused, so that it is easier for you to win
to psych sb out
Both athletes were trying to psych each other out before the race.
to dampen enthusiasm
A delay of two hours did not dampen their enthusiasm.
تشکیل شدن از چیزی
to be formed from two or more things or people
be made up of something
The committee is made up of representatives from every state.
consist of something :
The buffet consisted of several different Indian dishes.
The audience consisted mainly of teenagers.
The area does not consist entirely of rich people, despite popular belief.
to comprise /kəmˈpraɪz/
The committee is comprised of well-known mountaineers
Women comprise a high proportion of part-time workers
تکذیب کردن
Deny
He denied all knowledge of the new bill.
او کاملا تکذیب کرد که از لایحه جدید خبر داشته.
He denied any links with the incident.
او هر ارتباطی با این رویداد را تکذیب کرد.
refute /rɪˈfjuːt/
She refuted any allegations of malpractice
جور/تکمیل کردن و به حد نصاب رساندن
to add to an amount in order to bring it up to the level that is needed:
to make up
I saved as much as I could, and my parents made up the rest.
The company will be forced to pay $6 million to make up the difference.
دنبال (خبر،اطلاعات و..) گشتن
to look up
Look the word up in your dictionary.
I’ll just look up the train times
به دیدن کسی رفتن - به کسی سر زدن
to visit someone you know, especially when you are in the place where they live for a different reason
to look somebody up
Don’t forget to look me up when you come to Atlanta.
Look me up the next time you’re in Los Angeles
حضور یافتن ، جایی حاضر شدن
to arrive, especially at the place where someone is waiting for you
to show up:
Seth showed up, apologising for being late.
We had 200 people show up for our seminar.
موشکافی کردن، به دقت بررسی کردن
to try to find out the truth about a problem, crime etc in order to solve it
to look into sth
Police are looking into the disappearance of two children.
to scrutinize /ˈskrutəˌnaɪz/
She leaned forward to scrutinize their faces.
او به جلو خم شد تا چهره‌هایشان را وارسی کند.
The statement was carefully scrutinized before publication.
بیانیه قبل از انتشار به دقت بررسی شد.
Severe unemployment is concomitant with this unwise decision because its consequences have not been scrutinized.
investigate
go over sth
Remember to go over your essay checking for grammar and spelling mistakes before you hand it in to me.
I’ve gone over the problem several times, but I can’t think of a solution.
بررسی کردن ، کاوش کردن ، تفحص کردن
to try to discover information that other people do not want you to know, by asking questions carefully and not directly:
probe /proʊb/
The interviewer probed deep into her private life.
Detectives questioned him for hours, probing for any inconsistencies in his story.
The article probes (= tries to describe and explain) the mysteries of nationalism in modern Europe.
به گونه‌ای به نظر رسیدن
to come across as something
He comes across as a very intelligent sensitive man.
She sometimes comes across as being rather arrogant.
I don’t think I came across very well (=seemed to have good qualities) in the interview.
strike
His reaction struck me as odd.
واکنش او به نظر من عجیب آمد
His jokes didn’t strike Jack as being very funny.
It struck me as odd that the man didn’t introduce himself before he spoke
It strikes me that nobody is really in favor of the changes.
به نظرم می‌رسد که هیچکس واقعاً موافق این تغییرات نیست.
a that plan strikes me as stupid
An idea struck me.
- اندیشه‌ای به فکرم رسید.
How does the idea strike you?
درباره‌ی این عقیده چه فکر می‌کنی؟
It struck her that losing the company might be the least of her worries.
appear
seem
اتفاقی مواجه شدن با کسی/چیزی
encounter
The team of researchers had encountered similar problems before
to come across
We’ve come across a few problems that need resolving.
I’ve never come across anyone quite like her before.
bump into sb
We bumped into Amy when we were in town last week.
Ed was surprised to bump into John at the football game.
run into sb
Graham ran into someone he used to know at school the other day.
راهی/رهسپار جایی شدن
to leave a place, especially in order to do something
to go off to someplace
He went off to work as usual
to head off
پیدا کردن و گیر آوردن - به‌دست آوردن پیدا کردن (چیزی نایاب و خاص)
to get something that is rare or difficult to get
to come by
How did you come by these pictures?
Jobs were hard to come by.
تقاضا کردن از کسی برای چیزی
to solicit sth from sb /səˈlɪsət, səˈlɪsɪt/
They send representatives abroad to solicit business.
آنها نمایندگانی به خارج فرستادند تا تقاضای داد و ستد بکنند.
They were planning to solicit funds from a number of organizations.
آنها قصد داشتند از تعدادی از موسسات درخواست کمک مالی کنند.
She had actively solicited funds for her election campaign.
She solicited support from other teachers
turn in/make a plea (to sb) for sth
The employees turned in a plea to their boss for higher pay.
کارمندان برای حقوق بالاتر به رئیس‌شان دادخواست ارائه دادند.
It is beneath my dignity to make a plea to a person who is intellectually inferior to me.
کسر شأن من است از شخصی که از نظر فکری از من پایین‌تر هست تقاضا کنم.
Caldwell made a plea for donations.
The parents made an emotional plea to their child’s kidnappers
The director of the charity made an impassioned plea for help
به جاده زدن - رفتن و به راه افتادن
hit the road
I’ts getting late. I’d better hit the road.
. دارد دیر می‌شود. بهتر است بروم.
رفتن خوابیدن
hit the sack /hay
I can’t stay up anymore. I’m gonna hit the sack.
. من دیگر نمی توانم بیدار بمانم. من می روم بخوابم.
.I can’t stay up anymore . I’m gonna hit the hay.
من دیگر نمی توانم بیدار بمانم. من می روم بخوابم.
turn in:
I think I’ll turn in early tonight.
لاس زدن
to flirt with
He flirts with his female clients.
او با مشتری‌های خانم لاس می‌زند.
دوزاری کسی افتادن - بالاخره فهمیدن
to understand, especially after a long time
to catch on
He doesn’t take hints very easily, but he’ll catch on (to what you’re saying) eventually.
to apprehend /ˌæprɪˈhɛnd/ [old-fashioned ]
They were slow to apprehend the danger
متداول / مد شدن (بین افرادی)
to become fashionable or popular
to catch on (with sb)
I wonder if the game will ever catch on with young people?
Recently ballroom dancing has begun to catch on with many people.
The song caught on and was sung and played everywhere
چشم کسی به چیزی افتادن - ناگهان کسی را دیدن
to catch sight of sth
I caught sight of Mary in the crowd.
. من در جمعیت چشمم به “ماری” افتاد.
متعجب ساختن - میخکوب /حیرت‌زده/ شوکه / مات و مبهوت کردن
to astound /əˈstaʊnd/
The judge’s decision astounded everyone
hit right between the eyes
News of their divorce hit me right between the eyes.
خبر طلاق آنها بدجوری من را تکان داد.
Suddenly, it hit me right between the eyes. John was going to Europe.
ناگهان خبر من را تکان داد. “جان” داشت به اروپا می رفت
astonish /əˈstɒnɪʃ $ əˈstɑː-/
It astonished him that she had changed so little.
What astonishes me most is his complete lack of fear
set sb back on one’s heels
Her sudden announcement set us all back on our heels.
خبر ناگهانی او همه را میخکوب کرد..
freeze sb in tracks
The question froze Alice in her tracks.
آن پرسش آلیس را در جایش میخکوب کرد.
knock/throw somebody for a loop
The news of her death really threw me for a loop.
His parents were thrown for a loop when he quit college.
stagger /ˈstæɡər/
What staggered us was the sheer size of her salary.
flabbergast /ˈflæbərɡæst/
Everyone is flabbergasted by the staggering prices.
همه از قیمت های سرسام آور مات و مبهوت مانده‌اند.
حیرت‌زده شدن تعجب کردن
to feel or express great surprise or admiration at something, especially someone’s behaviour
marvel at/over something
I marvelled at my mother’s ability to remain calm in a crisis.
Visitors to Rome marvel over the beauty of the city.
marvel that
I marvelled that anyone could be so stupid.
We have all marveled at his illiteracy.
ما همه‌مون از بیسوادیش حیرت زده‌ایم.
I never cease to marvel at your stupidity.
حماقت تو همیشه من رو حیرت زده کرده.
I marveled at his English command.
از تسلط او به انگلیسی حیرت زده شدم.
Everybody marvelled at his infinite energy.
همه از انرژی بی‌پایان‌اش حیرت‌زده شدند.
wonder
I wonder how some people can live in a fool’s paradise.
موندم چطور بعضی‌ها می‌تونن الکی خوش باشن.
be amazed
وجه مشترک داشتن
to share the same interests or have similar characteristics
have something in common
I didn’t think Larry and Patricia had anything in common, but they talked all evening
خاتمه دادن پایان بخشیدن
to prevent a plan, business etc from being able to continue
pull the plug on something
The television company pulled the plug on the series after only five episodes.
شرکت تلویزیونی بعد از پنج قسمت ساخت سریال را متوقف کرد.
we have decided to pull the plug on any further investment in your firm
to bring an end to something
it’s essential to bring an end to sex segregation within the school
put an end to
We must put an end to this violence.
ما باید به این خشونت پایان بدهیم.
متلک گفتن به
taunt /tɒːnt/(verb)
Stop taunting each other so much.
make wisecrack (about) He made some wisecrack about my lack of culinary ability(توانایی آشپزی)
سر به سر کسی گذاشتن - کسی را دست انداختن
pull someone’s leg
Stop pulling my leg – you didn’t have lunch with Bono!
play a joke on sb
wind sb up
They’re only winding you up
take a dig at (someone or something)
I’m really not trying to take a dig at you. I’m just trying to give you some constructive feedback.
He’s really nice to me when we hang out by ourselves, but he always starts taking digs at me when we’re around his other friends.
I can speak the language very well, but she still couldn’t resist taking a dig at my accent.
play a prank/trick (on sb)
He was always putting his younger brother up to playing pranks on other people.
take the mickey out of someone
to mock someone
It’s easy for you to mock, but we put a lot of work into this play
The other children mocked her old-fashioned clothes
taunt somebody about/with something
The other children taunted him about his weight.
They taunted him with the nickname ‘Fatso’.
رنج دادن - رنجاندن
to bring great harm or suffering to someone
afflict /əˈflɪkt/
It is an illness that afflicts women more than men.
.
شکنجه کردن
excruciate [ɪk’skru:ʃɪeɪt, ɛk-]
torture
It is claimed that the officers tortured a man to death in a city police station.
torment /tɔːˈment $ tɔːr-/
Seth was tormented by feelings of guilt.
The older boys would torment him whenever they had the chance.
سبک سنگین کردن، شرایط را سنجیدن
to consider something carefully before making a decision
agonize over/about sth
She agonized for days about whether she should take the job.
debate
I debated with myself whether I should tell anyone.
I’m still debating what to do.
For a moment Mary debated telling Rick the truth
to kill someone because of their religious or political beliefs
martyr /ˈmɑːr.t̬ɚ/
بحال نخستین برگشتن
relapse /rɪˈlæps/
Most drug abusers relapse within a year.
پاس کردن - قبول شدن
to succeed, win, or pass a test by a very small amount so that you only just avoid failure
squeak through/by/past/in
She just squeaked through her math test.
وقت خود را تلف کردن برای کاری بیهوده
to continue trying to do something without having any success
spin one’s wheels
I felt like I was just spinning my wheels trying to make him understand
قدم زدن
stroll down/over/along /strəʊl $ stroʊl/
We were strolling along, laughing and joking.
go for a stroll
They went for a stroll in the park.
سوسو زدن
to shine in such a way that the light seems to shake slightly and quickly
to shimmer /ʃˈɪmɚ/
She could see her reflection in the water, shimmering in the moonlight.
دراغوش گرفتن ، نوازش کردن
to cuddle
She sat on a chair, cuddling her daughter
to give sb a cuddle
Come over here and let me give you a cuddle.
مهمونی راه انداختن/گرفتن
throw party
چلاق شدن
go lame
موضوع را عوض کردن
to deflect attention away from sth
He is trying to deflect attention away from his private life
ضرر را جبران کردن
make restitution
The chemicals company promised to make full restitution to the victims for the injury to their health.
خرج زیادی برداشتن برای کسی
to cost you a lot of money
knock somebody back something :
His new car knocked him back several thousand dollars.
دستِ بالا را داشتن
to be the person or group that has the most power in a situation
have/hold the whip hand
During the last decade the right wing of the party has held the whip hand.
بر کسی تسلط داشتن
to have complete control over someone and to be able to make them do anything you want
have sb in the palm of your hand
He had the audience in the palm of his hand.
have sb eating out of the palm of your hand
Within two minutes of walking into the classroom, she had the kids eating out of her hand.
have sb by the balls
شباهت زیادی داشتن
to have very similar qualities to someone or something else
be cut from the same cloth
(also be cut out of the same cloth)
We’re cut from the same cloth, you and I.
His first movie was cheaply made and full of clichés and this film is cut from the same cloth.
Today’s players are not cut out of the same cloth as those greats.
کسی را از دور رقابت خارج کردن
to defeat someone or stop them from competing against you
see somebody off
To see off the threat, the company will have to cut its prices still further.
The team saw off their old rivals in last night’s championship game.
ول گشتن - وقت را به بط‌الت گذراندن
to wait or spend time somewhere, doing nothing:
to hang around
I hung around the station for an hour but he never came.
loiter
The two men had been seen loitering in the area on the day that the car was stolen
در رفتن - فلنگ را بستن
to leave a place quickly
clear off:
They cleared off when they saw the police coming.
turn tail
We decided to turn tail and leave the stadium before there was a fight.
ما تصمیم گرفتیم دم مان را روی کول گذاشته و قبل از اینکه دعوایی بشود از استادیوم خارج شویم.
run away
take to your heels :
The men took to their heels as soon as they saw the police.
leg it (informal) : I legged it before the cops came.
پخش و پلا بودن
lie around
Papers and books lay around the room in complete chaos
ولو بودن
to spend time lying down and doing very little
lie around:
I spent a week in Spain, lying around on the beach.
felt so lazy just lying around on the beach all day
ور رفتن با چیزی
mess about [with sth]
You’ll break it if you don’t stop messing about with it
to spend time doing various things that are not important, without any particular purpose or plan
mess around
They spend their weekends messing around on their boat.
My brother likes messing around with computers.
He spent the day with friends, just messing about.
خرناس کشیدن
to snore
She was asleep in a chair and snoring gently.
دچار یکنواختی شدن
be {stuck} in a rut
I was stuck in a rut and decided to look for a new job.
کسی را تور زدن و بلند کردن
to start a sexual or romantic relationship with someone you do not know, by talking to that person and giving them a lot of attention
pick sb up
He said he’d picked the woman up in a bar.
to give someone some information. .
drop someone some knowledge
Come on, What’s the 411. Drop some knowledge on me
بهبود دادن
to improve a method, plan, system etc by gradually making slight changes to it
refine /rɪˈfaɪn/
Car makers are constantly refining their designs.
The information system is constantly refined and updated.
there will come a time when our educational system will be refined but by then our bones will be crumbled to dust
روزی میرسه که سیستم آموزشی مون اصلاح میشه ولی تا اون روز اسخونهامون پکیده شده
to ameliorate /əˈmiljəˌreɪt/
It is not clear what can be done to ameliorate the situation
Measures to ameliorate working conditions have had little effect
Foreign aid is badly needed to ameliorate the effects of the drought.
تصفیه کردن
to make a substance purer using an industrial process
refine /rɪˈfaɪn/
Sugar cane is refined into sugar
اجازه رشد و فعالیت به کسی/چیزی ندادن
to not allow a person or thing any space to grow or develop:
crowd somebody/something out
Small local businesses have been crowded out by large multinationals
Supermarket chains have crowded out the smaller shops.
نسبت به کسی/چیزی حسودی کردن
be jealous of sb/sth
Why are you so jealous of his success?
ازدحام کردن ، هجوم اوردن
come together in a large group
swarm / swɔːrm/
Photographers were swarming around the princess
to be full of a moving crowd of people or animals
swarm with somebody/something :
The museum was swarming with tourists.
با واکنش….مواجه شدن
to react to something in a particular way
be greeted with/by something
The news was greeted with outrage.
His statement was greeted with cries of astonishment and indignation
نگهداشتن ، از دست ندادن ، حفظ کردن
to keep something or continue to have something
retain /rɪˈteɪn/
you retain the right to refuse to answer any question without an attorney present
You have the right to retain possession of the goods.
The state wants to retain control of food imports.
to succeed in doing something difficult
pull something off :
The goalkeeper pulled off six terrific saves.
to go into a room and see what someone is doing, when they did not want to be seen
walk in on sb :
She walked in on me when I was getting undressed.
لکه کردن
stain
The shirt was heavily stained with blood
The children’s fingers were stained purple with blackberry juice.
smudge /smʌdʒ/
Someone had smudged the paper with their greasy hands.
پس زدن، دفع کردن
to fend off sth
Dave spent all night fending off bugs instead of sleeping.
دیو تمام شب به جای خوابیدن مشغول پس زدن حشره‌ها بود.
to fight off
Vitamin A helps your body fight off infection.
ویتامین آ به بدن‌تان کمک می‌کند با عفونت مبارزه کند.
داوطلب/نامزد شدن و ثبت نام کردن
To submit one’s own or someone else’s name for consideration in a selection, such as a competition, application pool, election, etc
throw (one’s) name in the hat
the governor announced today that he was throwing his name in the hat for the presidential election next year.
to be very good at a particular activity
be a dab hand at/with something
ترفیع درجه پیدا کردن
To promote someone to a better position or situation.
to get bumped up We were very excited to get bumped up to first class on our flight home.
مقدار/بزرگی/اندازه چیزی را زیاد کردن
to increase the amount or size of something:
bump up
I need to bump up my savings if I want to buy a new car before the end of the year.
Can you bump up the volume a little bit? We can’t hear the radio back here.
The distributors will probably bump up the price of the software when the next version is released.
به دام کسی افتادن
step into one’s web
نسبت به کسی/چیزی دچار سوءتفاهم بودن
have the wrong impression about sth/sb
I had the wrong impression about him.
تلفن را روی کسی قطع کردن
hang up on sb
سطح عملکرد خود را بالا ردن
To improve one’s performance, or the quality of one’s work
step up (one's) game Man, I really need to step up my game if I'm going to play basketball with all these young guys. Phil lost another case? He really needs to step up his game if he wants to stay at this firm.
raise (one’s) game
You can tell that they have really raised their game coming into this championship match.
So far he has just looked sloppy, so he’ll have to raise his game if he wants to have a shot at winning this tournament
اشتراک … گرفتن - آبونه شدن
to pay money, usually once a year, to have copies of a newspaper or magazine sent to you, or to have some other service
subscribe to
You can subscribe to the magazine for as little as $32 a year.
موافق/ هم رای و نظر بودن
to agree with/support an idea
subscribe to something
I have never subscribed to the view that schooldays are the happiest days of your life.
I subscribe wholeheartedly to this theory.
concur with sth /kən ˈkɜːr/
The committee largely concurred with these views
share sb’s view
A lot of people share his view that tourism will have a negative impact on the island
see eye to eye
We don’t always see eye to eye, but we do respect each other’s opinions
be in agreement
The brothers are in agreement over the future of their company.
be of the same opinion
Professor Dawkins is of the same opinion as Dr Jones.
امضا کردن پای سند
subscribe to
Please subscribe your name to the document
چیزی/کسی را محکم چسبیدن و ول نکردن
to keep something rather than losing it, selling it, or giving it to someone else
hold on to somebody/something :
The soldiers held on to the bridge for three more days.
I think I’ll hold on to these old records for now.
بوق زدن
honk
I saw you guys and honked, but you didn’t see me.
to give a honk on horn
He gave us a honk on his horn as he drove off
Several drivers honked their horns
چیزی را به نتیجه رساندن
to wrap something up
We’re hoping to wrap up the negotiations this week.
امیدواریم این هفته مذاکرات را به نتیجه برسانیم.
کادوپیچ/ بسته‌بندی کردن
to wrap up
He spent the evening wrapping up the Christmas presents.
او تمام شب را صرف کادوپیچ کردن هدیه‌های کریسمس کرد.
فهماندن
to convey something to somebody /kənˈveɪ/
I want to convey to children that reading is one of life’s greatest treats.
You don’t want to convey the impression that there’s anything illegal going on.
All this information can be conveyed in a simple diagram.
Ads convey the message that thin is beautiful.
He was able to convey his message to the audience with ease.
او قادر بود که پیامش را به آسانی به مخاطب منتقل کند.
The manager of the store conveyed his displeasure directly to the workers.
مدیر فروشگاه نارضایتی خود را مستقیم به کارگران رساند.
The novel vividly conveys the experience of growing up during the war
He tried desperately to convey how urgent the situation was.
او به شدت تلاش کرد تا بفهماند موقعیت چقدر اضطراری است.
to put sth across
He was trying to put across a serious point.
It’s an interesting idea and I thought he put it across well.
به چیزی افتخار کردن
take pride in
if you don’t take professional pride in your work, you’re probably in the wrong job.
درست و منصفانه رفتار کردن با کسی
to do right by sb
He always tried to do right by his employees.
to treat fairly
با مخالفت مواجه شدن
Meet with opposition
The decision to desegregate schools met with opposition.
مخالفت کردن
be at odds with sb
Briggs found himself at odds with his colleagues
be at odds over/on sth
The two politicians were at odds over what was the truth.
give (something) the thumbs down
They gave our proposal the thumbs down.
آنها پیشنهاد ما رو رد کردند.
dispute
The effectiveness of this treatment is still hotly disputed.
No one can dispute the fact that men still hold the majority of public offices.
Oppose /əˈpoʊz/
Why do some people adamantly oppose vaccination?
چرا بعضی‌ها مصرانه با واکسیناسیون مخالف هستند؟
مغایرت داشتن با هم
be different although they should be the same
be at odds with
Mark’s account of what happened is at odds with Dan’s.
She gave him a sweet smile, totally at odds with the look of dislike in her eyes.
to conflict with something
be incompatible
differ
The two systems differ in many respects
این دو سیستم از بسیاری جهات با یکدیگر تفاوت دارند
شرطی پیشنهاد کردن
To offer a bet with favorable odds to other bettors
lay/offer odds
Bookmakers are laying odds that the company’s new smartphone outsells its competitors 2:1.
They are laying odds of 8–1 that the Conservatives will win the next election.
They were offering odds of ten to one
ابراز اطمینان کردن
lay odds
I’ll lay odds that Jeremy tries to skip out on paying me back for dinner.
I’ll lay odds we never see him again.
To assert complete certainty about something.
کتک خوردن از کسی
get beat up by sb
به خود زحمت ِ…دادن
to make the effort to do something
(not) bother to do something
He didn’t bother to answer the question.
not bother about/with
He didn’t bother with a reply.
(not) bother doing something
Many young people didn’t bother voting.
کسی را نگران کردن
to make someone feel slightly worried, upset, or concerned
to bother somebody (about something)
Being in a crowd really bothers me.
I try not to bother about what other people think.
It really bothered me that he’d forgotten my birthday.
to concern somebody
It concerns me that you no longer seem to care.
این من را نگران می‌کند که تو ظاهراً دیگر اهمیتی نمی‌دهی.
What concerns me is our lack of preparation for the change.
چیزی که من را نگران می‌کند نداشتن آمادگی‌مان برای تغییر است.
to cause concern/apprehension
The situation has been causing concern for some time now.
مدتی می‌شود که این وضعیت موجب نگرانی شده است.
The change in the law has caused apprehension among many people.
work sb up :
Try not to work yourself up about the exams.
بابت انجام کاری اذیت شدن
to have bother doing sth
I had a little bother finding your house
بر مبنای چیزی استوار بودن
be predicated on/upon something /ˈpred.ɪ.keɪt/
The company’s expansion was predicated on the assumption that sales would rise.
to state that something is true
predicate /ˈpred.ɪ.keɪt/
It would be unwise to predicate that the disease is caused by a virus before further tests have been carried out.
بر…مبتنی بودن
be predicated on/upon something :
The company’s expansion was predicated on the assumption that sales would rise.
to move out of a place slowly.
drift out
After there was no more food, the people drifted out,
مورد تجلیل واقع شدن
be admired and respected for being important or for doing something important
acquire kudos /ˈkjuːdɒs $ ˈkuːdɑːs/
He acquired kudos just by appearing on television
کس لیسی کردن
go downtown
tour the southland
go under the hood
متوجه کنایه شدن
to understand or do something that is communicated indirectly.
take a hint
I made it clear I wasn’t interested in him, but he didn’t take the hint.
I can take a hint – if you don’t want to talk about it, that’s OK with me.
“Weren’t you going to check your messages?” she asked. I took the hint and left.
الکی از کسی تعریف کردن - چاپلوسی کسی را کردن
blow smoke up one’s ass
Did my singing sound good? Come on, be honest—don’t just blow smoke up my ass.
آوازخواندنم خوب بود؟ یالا، صادق باش؛ فقط الکی از من تعریف نکن [چاپلوسی من را نکن].
use flattery
Salespeople are often accused of using artificial flattery.
sweet-talk somebody into doing something
I managed to sweet-talk her into driving me home.
My sister tried to sweet-talk our father into giving her the car but he said no.
flatter
Perry would always flatter Mrs. Mitchell by praising her cooking.
حوصله سر بردن
bore the ass off someone
Today’s lecture bored the ass off me.
کله پا شدن - نقش بر زمین شدن
to go ass over tit
I fell off my bike and went ass over tit.
از روی دوچرخه‌ام افتادم و واژگون شدم.
انباشته کردن مشکلات
to act in a way that will make your problems much worse in the future
store up trouble/problems
If you don’t deal with the problem now, you’ll be storing up trouble for yourself in the future
از کسی به شدت کار کشیدن
to make someone work very hard
work sb’s ass off :
They work your ass off but they pay you well.
رو‌به‌راه/ ردیف شدن شرایط
to work out
Things will work out, you’ll see.
I hope it all works out for Gina and Andy.
I’m sure everything will work itself out
اخراج شدن
to get the sack
He got the sack for stealing
be sacked
He was sacked from every other job he had
اخراج/برکنار/عزل کردن
give sb the sack
They’ve never actually given anyone the sack
to give notice
They announced they were shutting the unit and gave all the staff notice.
to dismiss somebody for something
He has been dismissed from his job for incompetence
The company dismissed me after less than a year.
(آن) شرکت پس از کمتر از یکسال مرا اخراج کرد.
Employees can be dismissed for sending obscene emails.
کارکنان می‌توانند به خاطر ارسال ایمیل‌های قبیح اخراج شوند.
Bryant was unfairly dismissed from his post.
to expel /ɪkˈspel/
She was expelled from school at 15
Olympic athletes expelled for drug-taking
He was expelled from school for heckling the teacher in the class.
to dislodge /dɪsˈlɒdʒ $ -ˈlɑːdʒ/
The rebels have so far failed to dislodge the President.
شورش‌گران تاکنون موفق نشده‌اند رئیس‌جمهور را برکنار کنند.
depose /dɪˈpəʊz $ -ˈpoʊz/
Margaret Thatcher was deposed as leader of the British Conservative Party in 1991.
to oust /aʊst/
The president was ousted (from power) in a military coup in January 1987
The Communists were finally ousted from power.
عصبانیت خود را تخلیه کردن
to let one’s anger die away
to cool off/down
He slammed the door and went for a walk to cool off.
calm down
در جوش و خروش بودن
to feel an emotion, especially anger, so strongly that you are almost shaking
to seethe [گذشته: seethed]
He was seething with anger
She took it calmly at first but under the surface was seething.
fume
کسی را کُفری کردن و خیلی عصبانی کردن
to make someone very annoyed by continuing to do something that upsets them
exasperate /ɪgˈzæspəˌreɪt/:
It exasperates me to hear comments like that.
His refusal to cooperate has exasperated his lawyers
piss somebody off :
The way she treats me really pisses me off.
از کسی عصبانی شدن
get mad at sb
I didn’t tell Dad that I scratched up his car because I knew he’d get mad at me.
کسی را عصبانی کردن و آزار دادن
to annoy someone
put/get sb’s back up
Just ignore him - he’s only trying to put your back up.
tick sb off
Her attitude is really ticking me off.
get on one’s nerves
You are starting to get on my nerves.
دارید کم کم مرا عصبانی می‌کنید [دارید می‌روید رو اعصاب من].
mess with someone
I’m tired of people messing with me and not telling me the truth.
set one’s teeth on edge
The kids screaming in the next room really set my teeth on edge.
bum out
My parents were really bummed out when they heard from the principal that I had cut class.
I was assigned the day shift, which bummed me out
get someone’s blood up
That kind of language really gets my blood up
to bait
Elice occasionally flirted with Nathan to bait Urran.
قاطی کردن از کوره در رفتن، جوش آوردن، کفری شدن
hit the roof / ceiling
My father hit the roof when I damaged the car.
وقتی که به اتومبیل آسیب زدم، پدرم از قاطی کرد.
Promise you won’t hit the roof when I tell you this.
قول بده که وقتی این را به تو بگویم از کوره درنمی‌روی.
get someone’s goat
I’m sorry. I didn’t mean to get your goat
lose (one’s) shit
My mom lost her shit when she found out that my sister had taken money from her purse without permission.
blow a fuse/gasket
When he told her how much it cost, she blew a gasket
to freak out
If he doesn’t arrive in five minutes, I’m going to freak out.
lose one’s temper
She lost her temper with a customer and shouted at him.
او از دست یک مشتری عصبانی شد و سرش داد کشید.
lose one’s cool/rag
I know I shouldn’t have yelled at her but I just lost my cool.
می‌دانم که نباید سرش داد می‌زدم ولی از کوره در رفتم.
go spare
Dad would go spare if he found out.
be outraged
Customers were outraged by the price increases
get hot under the collar
Some of you were getting very hot under the collar about Royals
When I suggested he was mistaken he got rather hot under the collar.
be incandescent with rage /ˌɪnkænˈdesənt◂ $ -kən-/
He was incandescent with rage.بد جوری عصبی بود.
وسایل را جمع کردن
to get stuff together
با صدای بلند فریاد زدن ، نعره کشیدن
yell
She yelled in pain as she touched the hot iron
They yelled at him to stop
He could hear Pete yelling at the top of his voice
The children were yelling with laughter
let out/give a yell
She let out a yell when she saw me.
Dan gave a yell of delight when Larsson scored.
to cry out
She cried out in pain.
او از درد با صدای بلند فریاد زد.
to holler /ˈhɒl.əʳ/ US /ˈhɑː.lɚ/
He was hollering something about seeing a snake
I heard someone hollering at me
I was hollering for them to track me.
let out a holler
He let out a holler as he fell
کسی/چیزی را فرا خواندن
yell
If you need me, just yell
call out
Colombia has called out the army and imposed emergency measures
The fire brigade(اداره آتش‌نشانی) should always be called out to a house fire
call somebody/something in :
The government then called in troops to deal with the
چروکیده/خشک کردن
to shrivel /ˈʃrɪvl/
The hot weather had shrivelled the grapes in every vineyard.
هوای داغ انگورهای همه تاکستان‌ها را چروکیده کرد.
The leaves on the plant had shrivelled up from lack of water.
برگ‌های گیاه به خاطر کمبود آب خشک شدند.
نهایت بهره را بردن
to use something which you have, especially money or effort, which you would not normally need
dig deep :
With one man sent off, the team had to dig deep and hang on for a draw.
چهره گلگون کردن( در اثر احساسات و غیره)، سرخ شدن ، قرمز کردن
to flush
Mrs Cooper flushed with indignation.
کسی را (به جایی) فراخواندن
to request that someone come to where one is.
call someone over (to some place)
I will call her over to us, and you can ask her what you want to know.
Call over the waitress so we can order.
recall someone
The Ambassador was recalled from Washington
Cole was recalled to the squad to replace the injured Quinn.
کمین کردن ، در انتظار فرصت بودن
to exist although it is not always noticeable
to lurk /lɜːk $ lɜːrk/
Danger lurks around every corner.
lie in ambush
The troops lay in ambush in the dense woods all through the night.
سربازان تمام شب را در جنگل انبوه کمین کرده بودند.
منظور خود را فهماندن
make oneself understood
He doesn’t speak much Japanese but he can make himself understood.
او زیاد بلد نیست ژاپنی صحبت کند اما می‌تواند منظورش را بفهماند.
put oneself across
Sue’s never been very good at putting herself across at interviews.
make (one’s) point
She used a graph of the last month’s sales figures to make her point.
Bob, if we don’t secure the investment by Friday, we stand to lose everything the other investors have put in so far. Have I made my point?
A: “The early flight might be cheaper, but we won’t enjoy our first day there because we’ll be so tired!” B: “OK, you made your point. Let’s book the later one instead.”
درباره چیزی تصور یا عقیده‌ای داشتن - نظر خاصی راجع به چیزی داشتن
to make of
I don’t know what to make of the new manager.
من نمی‌دانم چه تصوری درباره مدیر جدید داشته باشم.
What do you make of it all?
نظرت راجع به همه این ماجراها چیست؟
دلیل آوردن
to find good reasons that prove something or show why you need something
make out a case (for something) :
We made out a case for hiring another assistant.
shed light on
no one could shed any light on the mysterious car accident.
هیچکس نمی‌توانست دلیلی برای آن تصادف مرموز بیاورد.
به سختی دیدن/شنیدن
make out
I could hear voices but I couldn’t make out what they were saying.
می‌توانستم صداهایی بشنوم، اما نمی‌توانستم بشنوم چه می‌گویند.
I couldn’t make out what she was saying.
نمی‌توانستم بشنوم که او داشت چه می‌گفت.
I could just make out a figure in the darkness.
به‌سختی می‌توانستم یک شبح را در تاریکی ببینم.
We could just make out one building through the trees.
فقط توانستیم یک ساختمان را از میان درختان ببینیم.
متوجه منظور کسی شدن
make out
Could you make out what she was saying?
توانستی بفهمی که او داشت چه می‌گفت؟
متوجه کسی/چیزی شدن
realize that sth/sb exist, especially because you can see, hear, or feel them
notice
Mary waved at the man but he didn’t seem to notice
I didn’t notice him leaving.
من متوجه رفتن او نشدم.
I noticed them come in.
من متوجه وارد شدن آنها شدم.
I noticed (that) she was wearing a wig.
من متوجه شدم (که) او کلاه‌گیس گذاشته بود.
Did you notice how Rachel kept looking at her watch?
آیا متوجه شدی چقدر ریچل به ساعتش نگاه می‌کرد؟
He noticed a woman in a black dress sitting across from him.
Have you noticed any change in him?
I couldn’t help noticing the bruises on her arm
سردر آوردن - متوجه شدن
make out
I couldn’t make out what I had done to annoy her.
As far as I can make out, he has never been married.
تحریف کردن
to twist a report or story to one’s advantage
to interpret an event to make it seem favorable or beneficial to oneself or one’s cause
put a spin on sth
The mayor tried to put a positive spin on the damaging polls.
China Seeks to Put Positive Spin On Talks With North Korea.
همه چیز را باختن و از دست دادن
lose shirt
He said he’d lost his shirt on that race.
چیزی را مطرح کردن - (به موضوعی) اشاره کردن، پیش کشیدن
to bring something up
There are several points I’d like to bring up at tomorrow’s meeting.
چندین نکته وجود دارد که می‌خواهم در جلسه فردا مطرح کنم.
to propose (doing/to do) something
The governor is going to propose new taxes.
دولت قرار است طرح‌های جدید مالیاتی مطرح کند.
She proposed that the book be banned.
او پیشنهاد کرد که کتاب ممنوع شود.
He proposed changing the name of the company.
او پیشنهاد تغییر دادن اسم شرکت را داد.
What do you propose to do now?
پیشنهاد می‌کنی الان چکار کنیم؟
bring to the fore something
The case brought to the fore a lot of racial tensions.
بزرگ کردن/ تربیت کردن کودک
bring up a child /brɪŋ ʌp ə ʧaɪld/
متقاعد/ترقیب کردن
to make someone decide to do something, especially by giving them reasons why they should do it, or asking them many times to do it
Persuade sb to do sth/ into doing sth /of sth /pəˈsweɪd /
I finally managed to persuade her to go out for a drink with me.
Don’t let yourself be persuaded into buying things you don’t want.
McFadden must persuade the jury of her innocence.
They had difficulty in persuading the two sides to sit down together.
I persuaded her to change her mind.
Do you think you can persuade him to lend us the money?
She persuaded him with flattery
talk somebody into (doing) something
He finally talked her into going on a date with him
convince sb of sth/to do sth /kənˈvɪns/
The officials were eager to convince us of the safety of the nuclear reactors.
I’ve been trying to convince Jean to come with me
Somehow the party will have to convince the voters that it is capable of governing the country.
She failed to convince the jury of her innocence.
It would be difficult to convince him to move.
Our job is to convince consumers that our product is technically superior to its competitors.
coax (=by talking gently and kindly)
I tried to coax him to eat a little.
to bring sb around.
I’m sure I can bring him around to our point of view.
He didn’t like the plan at first, but we managed to bring him around.
ابتدا او از نقشه خوشش نیامد، اما ما موفق شدیم او را متقاعد کنیم.
bring sth to bear on sb: [by using your influence or power]
The company directors brought pressure to bear on him to resign.
talk somebody around/round
Some board members are opposed to the merger, but it may be possible to talk them around.
بعضی از اعضای هیئت‌مدیره با ادغام مخالف هستند، اما ممکن است امکان داشته باشد که متقاعدشان کنیم.
Leave Betty to me. I’ll soon talk her round.
get somebody to do something :
If we can’t get a taxi I’ll get Joe to pick us up.
I know how to get you to kiss me.
How else does he get you to like him?
rope sb in
At the last minute, we roped in a couple of spectators to complete the team.
They’re running ads that they hope will rope in the undecided voters.
Once they’re interested in the product, we try to rope them in and sell it to them
کسی را با وعده چیزی به کاری وا داشتن
to persuade someone to do something by praising them or making promises to them
cajole /kəˈdʒəʊl $ -ˈdʒoʊl/ :
He hoped to cajole her into selling her house
منصرف کردن کسی از چیزی/انجام کاری
to persuade someone not to do something
dissuade sb from (doing) sth : #How do you dissuade young people from experimenting with drugs?
to talk sb out (of doing sth) #Can’t you talk them out of selling the house? #I wanted to move abroad but Bill talked me out of it. من می‌خواستم به خارج نقل مکان کنم اما "بیل" من را از این کار منصرف کرد. # She tried to talk him out of leaving
کسی را به انجام کاری ترغیب کردن
to persuade or encourage someone to do something wrong or stupid
put somebody up to something :
‘Did Shirley put you up to this?’ ‘No, it was my own idea.’
امکان انجام کاری را داشتن
to have a chance or to be able to do something
get to do something
I did not get to go to the circus last week.
سرگردان و آواره شدن
stray
Three of the soldiers strayed into enemy territory
منحرف شدن از موضوع اصلی
to begin to deal with or think about a different subject from the main one, without intending to
stray
This meeting is beginning to stray from the point
Her eyes strayed to the clock
گمراه و منحرف شدن
to start doing something that is wrong or immoral, when usually you do not do this
stray
اضافه وزن پیدا کردن
put on weights
علاقه به چیزی/کاری داشتن
to like or want something, or want to do something
fancy (doing) something
Sorry, but I don’t fancy going out tonight.
Fancy a quick drink, Emma?
کشش جنسی داشتن به کسی
to feel sexually attracted to someone:
fancy sb
All the girls fancied him.
شانس موفقیت قائل شدن برای کسی/چیزی
to think someone or something is likely to be successful in something
fancy
Which team do you fancy this year?
I don’t fancy our chances of getting a ticket this late
الوده کردن
defile /dɪˈfaɪl/
It’s a shame that such a beautiful area has been defiled by a rubbish dump.
بی حرمت / بی عفت کردن
defile /dɪˈfaɪl/
The soldiers deliberately defiled all the holy places.
استحقاق داشتن ، سزاوار بودن
deserve /dɪˈzɜːv $ -ɜːrv/
We didn’t deserve to win
He finally received the recognition that he so richly deserved.
I like films where the bad guys get what they deserve.
She’s behaved really stupidly and she deserves all she gets.
مرجوع شدن
to be recalled
The cars had to be recalled due to an engine fault
تمدید کردن - اضافه کردن به چیزی
to make something last longer
to extend
Management have agreed to extend the deadline.
Manchester United extended their lead at the top of the table to 10 points
توسعه دادن
to make something affect more people, situations, areas etc than before
extend something to somebody/something
British Coal is planning to extend its operations in Wales.
We can extend our insurance cover to travel abroad.
to cultivate /ˈkʌltɪveɪt/ :
Try to cultivate a more relaxed and positive approach to life.
She cultivated an air of sophistication.
This modern image is actively cultivated by the company.
The company has been successful in cultivating a very professional image.
to promote
Bonus payments to staff serve to promote commitment to the company
تعمیم پیدا کردن
to extend
My duties at the school extend beyond just teaching.
The vote was extended to all women aged 21 and over in 1928.
در فکر فرو رفتن - اندیشه کردن
to think about something carefully and for a long time
to muse about/on
I began to muse about/on the possibility of starting my own business.
نادیده گرفتن
to refuse to listen to what someone is saying or to notice what someone is doing
pay someone no mind
He kept talking but she paid him no mind.
Don’t pay Jonathan any mind, Mary, he’s just talking through his ass again.
به “جاناتان” اهمیتی نده “مری”، او فقط دارد دوباره مزخرف می‌گوید.
to ignore someon
مزخرف گرفتن چرت گفتن، پرت‌وپلا گفتن
talk through one’s ass
It seemed like the candidate was talking through his ass for a while when the debate turned to the topic of tax policy and law.
To say foolish things
to talk of nonsense.
سخت کار کردن
work one’s ass off
.I’ve been working my ass off at the gym!
. من در باشگاه سخت کار کرده‌ام!
استراحت کردن کار خاصی انجام ندادن
to laze around
I’ve spent the afternoon just lazing around
کسی/چیزی را مسخره کردن - به سخره گرفتن
to make fun of somebody/something
I’m not making fun of you. I admire what you did.
مسخره‌ات نمی‌کنم. کاری که انجام دادی را تحسین میکنم.
It’s cruel to make fun of people who stammer.
مسخره کردن افرادی که لکنت زبان دارند، ظالمانه است.
.People were making fun of him but he didn’t seem to notice
to ridicule /ˈrɪdɪkjuːl/
The other students ridicule Peter’s foreign accent.
بقیه دانش‌آموزها لهجه خارجی “پیتر” را مسخره میکنند.
to poke fun at somebody/something
Her novels poke fun at the upper class.
رمان‌های او طبقه اشراف را به سخره می‌گیرد.
Some of the kids were poking fun at Judy because of the way she was dressed.
. بعضی از بچه‌ها داشتند “جودی” را بهخاطر نحوه لباس پوشیدن او، مسخره می‌کردند.
make a monkey out of someone
John made a monkey out of himself while trying to make a fool out of Jim.
“جان” خودش را اسباب خنده دیگران کرد وقتی می خواست “جیم” را مضحکه کند.
take the piss out of:
They’re always taking the piss out of him because he’s a Barry Manilow fan.
His friends were taking the piss out of him.
معتاد شدن
get hooked on /gɛt hʊkt ɑn/
Jenny is hooked on cocaine.
جنی معتاد به کوکائین شده است.
دست یافتن به چیزی
get hold of
I need to get hold of Tom’s address
کارها را برای دقیقه آخر گذاشتن
leave things to the last minute
تجربه تلخی به جا گذاشتن
leave a bad taste in one’s mouth
I won’t cheat on exams again! It has left a bad taste in my mouth .
من دیگر در امتحانات تقلب نخواهم کرد! از این موضوع تجربه تلخی دارم!
چیزی را پشت سر گذاشتن
to leave something behind
She knew that she had left childhood behind.
او می‌دانست که کودکی‌اش را پشت سر گذاشته بود.
چیزی را جا گذاشتن
to leave something behind
I think I must have left my keys behind.
فکر کنم کلیدهایم را جا گذاشته‌ام.
We left behind our luggage at the hotel.
ما چمدانمان را در هتل جا گذاشتیم.
کسی را از قلم انداختن (از چیزی)
to leave somebody/something out (of something)
I’ve made a list of names, I hope I haven’t left anyone out.
فهرستی از اسامی درست کرده‌ام، امیدوارم کسی را از قلم نینداخته باشم.
None of the other children play with her, and I think she feels rather left out.
(با میزان معینی پول) زندگی کردن
to live on
You can’t live on forty pounds a week
I can live on my inheritance.
The job provides enough to live on.
His earnings aren’t enough to live on.
They live on the money they earn from growing tobacco.
It’s hard to imagine what these people live on.
چشم پوشی کردن از چیزی
turn a blind eye to sth
the teacher turned a blind eye to some of the children’s bad behaviour
نگران بودن
to worry about
be in/get into a state:
She got into a real state before her driving test.
be filled with apprehension /æprɪˈhenʃən/
They were filled with apprehension as they approached the building.
feel apprehension /æprɪˈhenʃən/
She felt some apprehension at the thought of seeing him again
It’s normal to feel a little apprehension before starting a new job
give a second thought to:—used in negative statements
Don’t give a second thought to that broken vase.
چیزی را به شوخی گرفتن
to laugh off
She tried to laugh off their remarks, but I could see she was hurt
joke around
Oh, come on, Tina, we’re just joking around. We didn’t mean it.
I was just joking around with you when I said that I cut my hair.
You guys, Mom is not joking around. She said she would ground us for a month if she caught us again.
به کسی تلفن کردن
give sb a ring
to get hold of
Where have you been? I’ve been trying to get hold of you all day.
کجا بودی؟ تمام روز داشتم سعی می‌کردم با تو تماس بگیرم.
to get through
I couldn’t get through
نمی توانستم باهات تماس بگیرم.
get on the horn to sb
Tom, get on the horn to the hospital and let them know we’re coming in with a victim.
After our dreadful meal that night, I got on the horn to the manager the very next morning to complain.
از کسی/چیزی خسته شدن
to be fed up with somebody/something
I’m fed up with my job.
I’m fed up with waiting for her
بهره بردن از (مزایای) چیزی
to use the good things in a situation
take advantage of sth
I thought I’d take advantage of the sports facilities while I’m here.
بازگشتن به مکانی
get back (somewhere) "I'm leaving soon" "Ok,what time do you get back?"
به وضعیت/حالت قبلی برگشتن
get back to
He has badly injured and I doubt he can get back to the same level of fitness
چیزی را(به کسی) برگرداندن/پس دادن
get sth back (to sb)
I’ll get the book back to you tomorrow
سرسری خواندن
to read something quickly
look through sth :
I’ve looked through some catalogues.
نگاه خود را از کسی دزدیدن - خودرابه ندیدن زدن
to not notice or pretend to not notice someone you know, even though you see them
look straight/right through somebody
I saw Fiona in the street yesterday and she looked straight through me
ثبت نام کردن
to promise to do something by signing one’s name, to join something
sign up for something
My friend signs up for tennis lessons every summer but he never improves.
تقلید کردن از کسی
to copy the way a particular person speaks or behaves, or the way something is done, usually in order to amuse others
take sb off :
She’s really good at taking people off.
do an impression of sb
Jean does a great impression of Madonna
to mimic
He could mimic all the teachers’ accents.
to imitate
The Japanese have no wish to imitate Western social customs and attitudes.
شرّ چیزی/کسی را کم کردن (برای کسی)
to relieve someone of the burden or bother of someone or something.
take sb/sth off (someone's) hands # I would be happy to take your uncle off your hands for a few hours. # Will you please take some of this food off my hands?
تحت الشعاع قرار دادن
to reach or influence a larger area.
spill over into :
I try not to let my work spill over into my life outside the office.
The conflict threatens to spill over into neighbouring regions
The fighting may spill over the border and start a wider war.
Layoffs in one industry often spill over into other industries.
to meet someone and spend time together.
hook up (with (someone))
I was traveling alone, but then I hooked up with another woman about my age.
To connect or fit together.
hook up
The company sent a man to hook up the telephone.
They could not use the gas stove because it had not been hooked up.
در را به روی کسی قفل کردن
lock sb in
As a punishment, she would take her brother to his room and lock him in.
به‌عنوان مجازات، او برادرش را به اتاقش می‌برد و او را زندانی می‌کرد
At 9 p.m. the prisoners are locked in for the night.
ساعت 9 شب، در به روی زندانی‌ها در شب قفل می‌شود.
خرد کردن یا اسیاب کردن
grind /ɡraɪnd/ (p.t and p.p.t ground /ɡraʊnd/)
Grind the seeds down to a powder.
machinery for grinding wheat into flour
The animal has teeth that grind its food into a pulp.
حیوان دندان‌هایی دارد که غذا را به صورت خمیر آسیاب می‌کند
ساییدن - سمباده کردن
grind /ɡraɪnd/ (p.t and p.p.t ground /ɡraʊnd/)
He dropped a cigar butt and ground it into the carpet with his heel.
He ground out his cigarette on the window ledge
چیزی را سریع یاد گرفتن
to learn how to do something very easily
take to something like a duck to water :
She took to dancing like a duck to water.
جاخالی دادن - سر خود را دزدیدن
to lower your head or body very quickly, especially to avoid being seen or hit
to duck(down): If she hadn’t ducked, the ball would have hit her.
کسی را بخاطر کاری بازداشت کردن
bust somebody for something
Davis got busted for drugs
تفتیش/بازرسی کردن
bust sth
Federal agents busted several money-exchange businesses.
شکستن و آسیب زدن - خسارت وارد کردن
bust up
A bunch of bikers busted up the bar.
Inflict damage (on)
The Internet outage inflicted severe financial damage on some businesses
قطعی اینترنت خسارت مالی شدیدی به بعضی بیزنس‌ها وارد کرد.
چیزی را از لیست خط زدن
to remove someone or something, such as a name, from a list by drawing a line through it
cross something off list :
Whenever I buy something, I cross it off the list.
Did you cross her name off the guest list?
to strike off:
Terri was told to strike off the names of every person older than 30.
Her father struck her off his will
پدرش او را از ارث ش محروم کرد
پیچوندن - دودرکردن - قال گذاشتن
to get rid of something or someone that is no longer wanted
ditch someone
Meg and Neil were due to marry, but she ditched him.
Did you ditch class today?
He ditched out on our own party
dump someone [informal]
I thought he was going to dump me for another girl
Did you hear he’s dumped his girlfriend?
شنیدی که او دوست دخترش را ول کرده است؟
خود نمایی کردن
to parade /pəˈreɪd/
Young athletes will get a chance to parade their skills
رژه رفتن
to go on parade /pəˈreɪd/
The battalion went on parade to welcome the new commander-in-chief.
کسی را تعقیب کردن
to find something or someone that you have been looking for
chase sb
The police chased the suspect along Severn Avenue
A gang of boys chased after her, calling her names.
chase somebody/something down :
We had to chase down everyone we’d sold a bike to
واداربه فرار کردن ، راندن واخراج کردن
to make someone or something leave, especially by following them for a short distance and threatening them
chase somebody away/off
The men were chased off by troops, who fired warning shots.
chase somebody out of something
Anne went to chase the dog out of the garden.
در پی چیزی بودن
to use a lot of time and effort trying to get something such as work or money
chase after sth
Top graduates from the university are chased by major companies.
reporters chasing after a story
به دنبال نخود سیاه بودن
be on a wild goose chase /waɪld gus ʧeɪs/
After two hours spent wandering in the snow, I realised we were on a wild-goose chase.
When I found out that there was no Anita Hill at the university, I began to suspect that I had been sent on a wild-goose chase.
How can we possibly find what the boss asked us for? I think we’re on a wild goose chase.
چطور ممکن است چیزی که رییس از ما خواست را پیدا کنیم؟ فکر کنم جستجوی‌مان بیهوده است [فکر کنم به دنبال نخود سیاه هستیم].
پاپی شدن پیگیر شدن
to chase up /ʧeɪs ʌp/
.We need to chase up all members who have not yet paid.
David hasn’t paid yet – you’d better chase him up.
پنجه (بر زمین) کشیدن (برای یافتن چیزی) - چنگ زدن
to use your fingers to quickly find something that you cannot see
to scrabble /ˈskræbəl/
He was scrabbling about in the sand searching for the ring
به ذهن/خاطر کسی رسیدن
flash through sb’s mind/head/brain :
The possibility that Frank was lying flashed through my mind.
نیشگون گرفتن
to pinch
We have to stop her pinching her baby brother.
to hit or press sth so that its surface is bent inwards
to dent
No one was injured, but the car was scratched and dented.
اتفاق افتادن - روی دادن
transpire /trænˈspaɪəʳ/ US /-ˈspaɪɚ/
No one is willing to predict what may transpire at the peace conference.
come off
In the end the trip never came off
Did the meeting you were planning ever come off?
to come about
How did this situation come about?
این وضعیت چطور اتفاق افتاد؟
happen
take place
strike (برای اتفاقات بد)
The plague struck again for the third time that century.
Everything seemed to be going fine when suddenly disaster struck
I have a life insurance policy that will take care of my family if disaster strikes.
The disease has struck the whole community, sometimes wiping out whole families.
They predict that a large earthquake will strike the west coast before the end of the decade.
با مهارت حل کردن - با ظرافت و زیرکی انجام دادن
to deal with a situation or a person in a skilful and often slightly dishonest way
finesse /fəˈnes, fɪˈnes/
Engineers decided that the problem could be finessed by using lighter materials.
مهندسان تصمیم گرفتند که آن مشکل بوسیله بکارگیری مواد سبکتر، با ظرافت و زیرکی قابل حل است.
Mr Chen’s approach is to finesse the problem of reunification through a mixture of goodwill and verbal subtlety.
مصمم بودن
to be determined to do something or achieve something
be intent on/upon (doing) something
She was intent on pursuing a career in business.
be bent on sth/doing sth :
He was bent on getting married as soon as possible
غرامت پرداختن
to recompense /ˈrekəmpens/
The charge recompenses the bank for the costs involved
The court awarded the women $100 000 each to recompense them for nine years of lost wages.
جلزولز کردن - آهسته جوشیدن
simmer
Discontent simmered and then came to a head with the nationalist protests.
بند اوردن - ریشه کن کردن
to stop something from happening, spreading, or developing
stem
The reforms failed to stem social discontent
The measures are meant to stem the tide of illegal immigration
در جوش و خروش بودن
to feel an emotion, especially anger, so strongly that you are almost shaking
seethe
The country was seething with discontent and the threat of revolution was real
نفس راحتی کشیدن
to breath a sigh of relief
We all breathed a sigh of relief when we heard they were safe
آه کشیدن ، افسوس خوردن
to sigh for/ at the thought of sth
Emilia sighed for her lost youth
Frankie stared out of the window and sighed deeply
He sighed with despair at the thought of all the opportunities he had missed
به وجد آمدن
become very happy and excited
go into ecstasies
She went into ecstasies over the food there.
گول زدن ، اغفال کردن، فریب دادن
to mislead/confuse/fool someone
throw off someone
The criminals threw off the police and ran into the subway.
beguile someone into doing something: /bɪˈgaɪl/
He was completely beguiled by her beauty.
The salesman beguiled him into buying a car he didn’t want
He was beguiled into buying another copy of her book
deceive someone into doing /about something /dɪˈsiːv/
He tried to deceive the public into thinking the war could still be won.
I wouldn’t deceive you about anything as important as this.
Human nature is such that we easily deceive ourselves.
The public are being deceived into buying inferior goods
dupe someone /duːp/ informal
The spies duped government and military officials alike
fool someone
You can’t fool me with your nice behavior
take in (someone)
That sales pitch totally took us in
She took me in completely with her story.
او با داستانش کاملاً من را فریب داد.
delude someone into doing something /dɪˈluːd/
I was angry with him for trying to delude me.
It is easy to delude yourself into believing you’re in love.
Don’t be deluded into thinking your house is burglarproof
play a trick on someone
They played a sneaky trick on us.
آنها حقه‌ای موذیانه روی ما پیاده کردند.
تفسیر کردن ، تعبیر کردن ، استنباط کردن
construe sth as sth /kənˈstruː/
The term can be construed in two different ways.
deduce /dɪˈdjuːs $ dɪˈduːs/
From her son’s age, I deduced that her husband must be at least 60.
We deduce from his behaviour that he is trying to gain attention.
What did Darwin deduce from the presence of these species?
The total amount can be deduced logically from the figures available
We cannot deduce very much from these figures
Using the evidence available it is possible to deduce quite a lot about how these people lived.
conclude
Richardson concluded from his studies that equality between the sexes is still a long way off
بازداشت / جلب کردن
detain /dɪˈteɪn/
Two suspects have been detained by the police for questioning.
She was detained in hospital with a suspected broken leg
He was detained in Washington on urgent business.
نشانه (خوب/بد) بودن (از)
to be a sign of something that will happen in the future, usually something very good or bad:
bode ill/disaster/good (for sb/sth)
/bəʊd boʊd/
These recently published figures bode ill/do not bode well for the company’s future.
The hurricane bodes disaster for those areas in its path.
The opinion polls do not bode well for the Democrats
be an omen of.
خیره شدن
to look at something for a long time, in a way that looks stupid
to gawk
Don’t just stand there gawking at those girls!
stare
to lock eyes with sb
حساسیت/آلرژی داشتن به چیزی
be allergic to
I’m allergic to penicillin
وداع کردن با کسی
to bid sb farewell
We bade them a final farewell.
مدعی چیزی بودن - ادعای چیزی را داشتن
to strongly express your belief that something is true
maintain
He maintained his innocence and said the allegations were ‘ridiculous’
Critics maintain that these reforms will lead to a decline in educational standards.
claim
make claim
After he made some dubious claims about the company, fewer people trusted him.
بعد از اینکه او ادعاهای مشکوکی درباره شرکت کرد، آدم‌های کمتری به او اعتماد کردند.
assert /əˈsɜːt $ -ɜːrt/
He asserted that nuclear power was a safe and non-polluting energy source
Native Americans asserting their rights to ancestral land
contend /kənˈtend/
Some astronomers contend that the universe may be younger than previously thought.
بوسیله مالش پاک کردن ، از میان بردن ، زدودن
to rub a surface with something in order to remove dirt, liquid etc
wipe
Wipe the table with a damp cloth.
Bill wiped his eyes (=wiped the tears from his face) and apologized.
He pulled a handkerchief from his pocket and wiped his nose.
Kim wiped the sweat from her face
فس فس کردن - این پا و آن پا کردن - لفت دادن
to do something or go somewhere very slowly, taking more time than is necessary
dawdle /ˈdɔː.dļ/ US /ˈdɑː-/
Stop dawdling! You’ll be late for school!
drag one’s heel
We don’t want to look as if we’re dragging our heels over promoting women to senior positions
When they told us they wanted to put computers in our classrooms, we dragged our heels a little bit.
drag one’s feet
He knows he should make a decision, but he’s dragging his feet
If you keep dragging your feet, you’ll miss the train.
اگه لفتش بدهی، قطار را از دست میدهی.
منحرف شدن
to deviate /ˈdiːvieɪt/
The plane had to deviate from its normal flight path
بر علیه کسی لشکرکشی کردن
to form a group to attack or criticize someone, usually unfairly
gang up against/on sb
Some older girls have been ganging up on her at school.
بنزین زدن
Get gas
We’re running out of gas , so I need to get gas!
داریم بنزین تموم میکنیم ، پس باید بنزین بزنم!
If you don’t get gas , you can’t get home!
اگه بنزین نزنی ، نمی‌رسی خونه!
خود رو کوچیک کردن ، خود رو سبک کردن
Do something unworthy of one’s status or character , lower yourself!
Demean oneself
I’ve never wanted to demean you at all!
من هیچوقت نمیخواستم تو رو کوچیکت کنم!
Don’t demean yourself! It’s beneath your dignity to do that!
خودتو کوچیک و سبک نکن! انجام دادن اون کار از شأن تو به دوره! (در شأن تو نیس)
حیف و میل شدن
Go to waste
You’re such a talent person! Don’t let your talent go to waste!
شخص با استعدادی هستی! نزار استعدادت حیف شه!!
Eat the piece of the pizza! Don’t let it go to waste!
آخرین تکه پیتزا رو بخور! نزار حیف بشه!
حال و احوال کسی رو جویا شدن
سراغ کسی را گرفتن
Ask after sb
My grandma always asks after her grandchildren!
مادربزرگم همیشه جویای احوال نوه هاش میشه!
He doesn’t care about me! He never asks after me!
اون به من اهمیت نمی‌ده! هیچوقت جویای حال من نمیشه!
قدم برداشتن
اقدام به کاری کردن
take steps
| The city is taking steps to replace its streetcars with busses.
غافلگیر کردن
to surprise or shock someone so much that they do not know how to behave for a short time
take sb aback
I was a little taken aback at the directness of the question.
The news really took us aback
catch sb on the wrong foot :
I hadn’t expected the question and it caught me on the wrong foot
take/catch somebody unawares /ˌʌnəˈwerz/
The question caught me completely unawares.
The overnight invasion took the military experts unawares.
The prime minster seemed to have been caught unawares by (= was not expecting) this sudden attack of criticism
متمایل شدن /بودن به چیزی
to be very close to being something extreme
border on something
His confidence bordered on arrogance.
His suggestion borders on the ridiculous.
She possesses a self-confidence that borders on arrogance.
آرام و بی‌حرکت ماندن
keep still
I tried to keep still during the long lecture
افسرده /دلتنگ شدن، دل گرفته شدن
get the blues /gɛt ðə bluz/
You’ll have to excuse Bill. He’s got the blues tonight
To compare with something similar to give a clearer, more accurate idea.
put something into perspective
You can put your worries into perspective when you realise how many people in the world are so much worse off than you.
کسی را ترک کردن
to suddenly leave your husband, wife, or partner and end your relationship with them:
walk out on sb
He walked out on his wife and kids
run out on sb:
She ran out on him two months ago, leaving him to take care of their two children.
دست و پای کسی را بستن
to tie someone’s arms, legs etc so that they cannot move
tie somebody up :
The intruders tied Kurt up and left him.
bind
(past tense and past participle bound /baʊnd/)
They bound my arms and legs with rope
پرمشغله/گرفتار بودن
to be very busy, so that you cannot do anything else
be tied up:
I can’t see you tomorrow – I’ll be tied up all day
be snowed under
I’d love to go out to dinner tonight, but I’m totally snowed under at the office right now.
Kate’s not coming tonight because she’s snowed under with research for her thesis.
چیزها را به هم بستن و پیچیدن
to fasten something together, using string, rope etc
tie something up :
He tied up all the old newspapers.
bind:
The pile of newspapers was bound with string.
بندآوردن
to block a system or use it so much that other people cannot use it or it does not work effectively
tie something up ⇒ tie-up:
Don’t tie up the phone lines making personal calls.
Protesters tied up the traffic for three hours today
رابطه تنگاتگی داشتن با چیزی
to be very closely related to something
be tied up with something :
The shortage of teachers is tied up with the issue of pay
be linked to
کامل کردن بخش های ( کارهای ) ناتمام ( باقی مانده )
to do the things that are necessary in order to finish a piece of work
tie up loose ends :
I need to tie up a few loose ends before I go on vacation.
I’m just about ready to move to Europe, but I need to tie up some loose ends with my ex-girlfriend before I go.
The legal team is still tying up a few loose ends in the merger contract, but, other than that, we are ready to move ahead with the deal.
چیزی را به جایی بستن
to tie sth to something with a rope, chain etc
tie something up
She left the dog tied up to a tree.
به چیزی گیر دادن
keep fixating on sth
شهامت خود را از دست دادن - خود را باختن
lose one’s nerve /luz wʌnz nɜrv/
I did want to ride the roller coaster earlier, but I’m starting to lose my nerve now that we’re actually here.
چیزی را گم کردن
lose track
I lost all track of time.
من کلا زمان از دستم در رفت .
stop being able to see someone or something
to lose sight of /luz saɪt ʌv/
After sailing for an hour we lost sight of land.
بعد از یک ساعت کشتیرانی خشکی از نظر ما ناپدید شد.
از دست در رفتن (حساب چیزی)
to lose count
I’ve lost count of how many times he’s told that joke!
تعداد دفعاتی که او آن لطیفه را گفته، از دستم در رفته است
فریب چیزی را خوردن
to be tricked into believing something that is not true:
fall for something
She falls for his flattery every time.
He is too smart to fall for that trick.
swallow the bait
be taken in :
Don’t be taken in by products claiming to help you lose weight in a week.
کار خود را پیش بردن
get one’s way through sth
He thinks he can get his way through flattery.
به کسی رحم کردن
take a pity on sb
I took pity on him and allowed him to stay
to have pity on sb
We begged him to have pity on us
be of pity for sb
She was full of pity for him
feel pity for sb
He looked exhausted, but Marie felt no pity for him
خو گرفتن ، انس گرفتن
accustom oneself /əˈkʌstəm/
It took a while for me to accustom myself to all the new rules and regulations.
I have accustomed myself to working long hours.
be/become/get/grow accustomed to sth :
‘Within a few minutes, my eyes had grown accustomed to the dark.’
to get used to
‘I am beginning to get used to the British way of life.’
وارد آمدن - تحمیل شدن
incur /ɪnˈkɜː $ -ˈkɜːr/
I will pay any expenses incurred.
من تمام هزینه‌های تحمیل شده را پرداخت خواهم کرد.
She wondered what she’d done to incur his displeasure this time
تملق گفتن - چاپلوسی /چرب‌زبانی کردن
to praise someone and be friendly to them in an insincere way, because you want them to like you or give you something
to flatter /ˈflætər/
she was flattering him in order to avoid doing what he wanted.
او داشت تملق او را می گفت تا از انجام دادن کاری که او می خواست، اجتناب کند.
She likes to mix with people who flatter her ego(=عزت نفس)
fawn on/over
I refused to fawn over her or flatter her.
آرایش کردن
to make oneself look neat and attractive
do oneself up :
Sue spent ages doing herself up.
چیزی را کادو کردن [بسته‌بندی کردن]
to wrap something (up)
She wrapped the present and tied it with ribbon /ˈrɪbən/
او هدیه را بسته‌بندی کرد و آن را با روبان بست [گره زد].
to repair an old building or car, or to improve its appearance
do something up
The apartment was done up in Viennese style.
چیزی را دور کسی/چیزی پیچیدن
to wrap something around somebody/something
He wrapped a towel around his shoulders.
او حوله‌ای دور شانه‌اش پیچید.
چیزی/کسی را در چیزی پیچیدن
to wrap something/somebody in something
She wrapped the baby in a blanket.
او بچه را در پتو پیچید.
ربط داشتن مربوط بودن
have/be to do with
I’m sorry about the accident, but it’s nothing to do with me
من راجع به تصادف متأسفم، اما آن هیچ ربطی به من نداشت.
Their conversation had been largely to do with work.
مکالمه آنها عمدتاً به کار مربوط بود.
This question doesn’t have anything to do with the main topic of the survey.
I’m sure her problems have something to do with what happened when she was a child.
concern /kənˈsɜːn $ -ɜːrn/
This study concerns couples’ expectations of marriage.
The report concerns the drug traffic on the Mexican–US border.
to be concerned with something درباره چیزی بودن
The book is primarily concerned with Soviet-American relations during the Cold War.
این کتاب اساساً درباره روابط شوروی و آمریکا طی جنگ سرد است.
This chapter concerns itself with the historical background.
این فصل درباره پس‌زمینه [پیشینه] تاریخی است.
be associated (with somebody/something)
These illnesses are associated with smoking.
این بیماری‌ها با سیگار کشیدن ارتباط دارند [این بیماری‌ها به سیگار کشیدن مرتبط هستند].
to bear relation to
The title of the essay bore little relation to the contents.
عنوان مقاله ارتباط کمی با محتوا داشت.
(ناگهان) زیر گریه زدن
to break down
I sat in the car and just broke down in tears
She broke down when she heard the news.
او وقتی که آن خبر را شنید، (کنترل خود را از دست داد و) زیر گریه زد
خراب شدن از کار افتادن
stop working
to crap out
Damn it, the blender crapped out.
لعنتی، مخلوط‌کن از کار افتاد.
She didn’t come to the party because her car crapped out on the way here.
او به مهمانی نیامد چون اتومبیلش در مسیر اینجا خراب شد.
to break down
The washing machine broke down the other day.
ماشین لباس‌شویی آن روز از کار افتاد
cease to function
go wrong/into a stall
با مخالفت/مشکل/… مواجه شدن
to run up against
The government is running up against considerable opposition to its tax reforms.
دولت با مخالفت قابل‌توجهی با اصلاحات مالیات‌اش روبه‌رو است.
The plans for the new bridge ran up against strong local opposition.
برنامه‌های پل جدید با مخالفت شدید افراد محلی مواجه شد.
come up against sth
If you come up against difficulties, let me know and I’ll help out.We expect to come up against a lot of opposition to the plan.
ما انتظار داریم که به مخالفت زیادی با (این) برنامه مواجه شویم.
چیزی را تمام کردن/ کم آوردن
run short of something
They ran short of gasoline at the gas station and had to close early.
آنها در پمپ بنزین، بنزین کم آوردند و مجبور شدند زود ببندند.
قلاده را باز کردن
unleash /ʌnˈliːʃ/
‘Police initiated the attack by unleashing their dogs and injuring several workers.’
عذر و بهانه (الکی) آوردن
to give opinions, excuses, reasons etc that you have used too many times and that do not seem sincere:
trot sth out :
You trot out that argument whenever I try to discuss this matter with you.
Whenever I ask him why his essay’s late, he just trots out the same old excuses.
Steve trotted out the same old excuses.
برای چیزی حضور پیدا کردن
to turn out for something
Over 800 people turned out for the protest.
بیش از 800 نفر برای اعتراض حضور پیدا کردند.
تعبیر کردن
construe something as something
comments that could be construed as sexist
The term can be construed in two different ways.
interpret sth as sth
His refusal to work late was interpreted as a lack of commitment to the company
مسخره کردن
to make something such as a plan or system seem completely useless or ineffective
make a mockery of something:
This building plan makes a mockery of the government’s environmental policy.
to mock /mɒk $ mɑːk/
It’s easy for you to mock, but we put a lot of work into this play.
poke fun at
مدفوع کردن/ریدن
to take a crap
That dog’s just taken a crap on my lawn
خرامیدن - با تکبر راه رفتن
to walk in an energetic way and with more movement than necessary
to prance
We used to prance around our bedroom pretending to be pop stars.
It’s pathetic to see fifty-year-old rock stars prancing around on stage as if they were still teenagers.
She pranced into the office and demanded to speak to the manager.
سیلی زدن
slap
Sarah slapped Aaron across the face
وثیقه گذاشتن
to leave a large sum of money with a court so that someone can be let out of prison while waiting for their trial
bail somebody out :
Clarke’s family paid £500 to bail him out.
to put up/post bail (for somebody )
He had to post bail of US$100,000 before he could fly home to Canada.
Why can’t you ask your father to put up bail for you?
فرار کردن (از یک موقعیت ناخوشایند)
to escape from a situation that you do not want to be in any more
bail out
After ten years in the business, McArthur is baling out.
I’d understand if you wanted to bail out of this relationship.
درکت میکنم (اگر) که بخواهی از این رابطه فرار کنی
نجات دادن
to do something to help someone out of trouble, especially financial problems
bail out
Ryan’s late goal bailed out his team.
گل دقیقه آخری “رایان” تیم را نجات داد.
The government had to bail the company out of financial difficulty.
دولت مجبور شد شرکت را از مشکل مالی نجات دهد.
دامن زدن ، منجر/باعث شدن
to spark (off) /spɑːrk/ [گذشته: sparked]
A discarded cigarette sparked a small fire.
یک سیگار رهاشده منجر به آتش‌سوزی کوچکی شد.
The police response sparked outrage in the community.
واکنش پلیس، خشم جامعه را برانگیخت.
The riots were sparked off by the arrest of a local leader.
شورش‌ها به علت دستگیری یک رهبر محلی صورت گرفت.
The visit of the G20 leaders sparked off mass demonstrations.
بازدید سران گروه 20 منجر به تظاهرات‌های عظیمی شد.
Nuclear power has always been a topic that has sparked off considerable debate.
bring about something
He brought about his company’s collapse by his reckless spending
give rise to
.The novel’s success gave rise to a number of sequels.
موفقیت (آن) رمان منجر به (نوشتن) چندین جلد ادامه داستان دیگر شد.
provoke
Dairy products may provoke allergic reactions in some people.
محصولات لبنی ممکن است باعث واکنش‌های آلرژیک در برخی افراد شود.
The announcement provoked a storm of protest.
(آن) اعلامیه موجب توفانی از اعتراضات شد.
to breed /briːd/ فعل ناگذر [گذشته: bred] [گذشته کامل: bred] :
Poor living conditions breed violence and despair.
occasion
She had a long career break occasioned by her husband’s job being moved to Paris.
تداعی/زنده کردن (خاطرات، احساسات و …)
to evoke /ɪˈvoʊk/ [گذشته: evoked]
a detergent designed to evoke the fresh smell of summer meadows
یک مایع شوینده طراحی شده تا بوی تازگی دشت‌های تابستانی را تداعی کند
That smell always evokes memories of my old school.
آن بو همیشه باعث می‌شود خاطراتی از مدرسه قدیمی‌ام زنده شود.
سرکوب کردن
to quell /kwel/ [گذشته: quelled]
The police marched in to quell the riots
Extra police were called in to quell the disturbances.
نیروی مضاعف پلیس برای سرکوب کردن شورش ها درخواست شد.
ناگهان و باشدت آغاز شدن ناگهان در گرفتن
to erupt /ɪˈrʌpt/ [گذشته: erupted]
Riots erupted last month following the verdict
to break out
The fire broke out in the early morning
احمقانه به نظر رسیدن
to look dumb
coupley stuff looks dumb to me
to become very angry or upset.
go spare :
My dad went spare when he found out what I’d done.
از هیچ چیزی/کاری مضایقه نکردن
spare no expense/pains/trouble doing something
This is our company’s 50th anniversary celebration, so we’re sparing no expense.
Wow, their parents threw a great dinner party. You could tell that they spared no expense.
مجازات کردن
punish for a crime by arresting and trying a court of law.
bring someone to justice
No effort will be spared to bring the people responsible to justice
They demanded that those responsible be brought to justice.
She’d need proof to bring Jason to justice.
حقیقت/جزئیات را از کسی مخفی کردن
to not tell someone all the details about something, because it is unpleasant or boring
spare somebody (the details/truth) : He spared us the details, saying only that he had been injured in the war
ملاحظه (احساسات و عواطف) کسی را کردن
to avoid doing something that would upset someone
spare sb’s feelings :
Just tell me the truth. Don’t worry about sparing my feelings.
توهم داشتن - خیال نامربوط داشتن
be under the delusion
He is under the delusion that I am going to cheat him.
ثروت اندوزی کردن
make a fortune
He seemed to be under the delusion that he would make his fortune within a few years.
Accumulate affluence /əˈkjuːmjəleɪt ˈæfluəns /
Your time is more precious than being spent accumulating affluence.
وقت شما خیلی با ارزش تر از این است که صرف ثروت اندوزی شود.
مظهر (چیزی) بودن
to be a very good example of an idea or quality
represent to (someone or something)
The size of the project may look daunting, but it represents a huge business opportunity to me.
That kind of behavior might represents a lazy, unreliable person to some people.
embody sb/sth /ɪmˈbɒdi $ ɪmˈbɑːdi/
a politician who embodied the hopes of black youth
یک سیاستمدار که مظهر امید جوانان سیاه‌پوست بود
be the embodiment of sth
He was the embodiment of the English gentleman.
She was portrayed in the papers as the embodiment of evil.
آراستن - تزئین کردن
to print or decorate something in a very noticeable way:
emblazon
Her name was emblazoned across the front of the theatre.
The sponsor’s name is emblazoned on the players’ shirts
ornament /ˈɔːrnəmənt/
They’ve ornamented the entire outside of their house with Christmas paraphernalia.
زیر گریه زدن
to burst into tears
Julie has a tendency to burst into tears at the slightest provocation.
نشان / بروز دادن
to show feelings that you are trying to hide
to evince /ɪˈvɪns/
She evinced no surprise at seeing them together
give away:
betray
His remarks betray an utter contempt for the truth
His voice betrayed his nervousness.
His face betrayed nothing (=showed no emotion).
manifest /ˈmænəfest, ˈmænɪfest/
A dog’s protective instincts are manifested in increased alertness.
The shareholders have manifested their intention to sell the shares.
His illness began to manifest itself at around this time.
قبولاندن
reconcile /ˈrekənsaɪl/
He could not reconcile himself to the prospect of losing her.
او نمی‌توانست احتمال از دست دادن او را به خودش بقبولاند.
He tried to reconcile his father to the idea of the wedding.
او سعی کرد ایده ازدواج را به پدرش بقبولاند.
به کسی نخ دادن
to make a pass at sb
مخ کسی را زدن
hit on sb
به‌سمت خود جذب کردن/ کشیدن
reel in /ˈriːl ˈɪn/ [گذشته: reeled in]
The program reels in more than 13 million viewers a show.
(آن) برنامه بیش از 13 میلیون بیننده در هر قسمت جذب می‌کند.
قصد انجام کاری/چیزی داشتن
to mean (to do) something I didn’t mean to hurt you. قصد نداشتم به شما آسیب بزنم. He means trouble. او قصدش دردسر درست کردن است.
contemplate doing something
I am contemplating staying away from the hurly-burly of city life for sometime.
قصد دارم برای مدتی از هیاهوی زندگی شهری فاصله بگیرم.
Have the intention to do something
It was clear from the outset that he had the intention to emigrate.
از اولش هم معلوم بود که قصد مهاجرت داشت.
قصد کسی از چیزی … بودن
to mean something as something
Don’t be upset—I’m sure she meant it as a compliment.
ناراحت نباش؛ مطمئنم او قصدش تعریف کردن بود.
کسی/چیزی را برای کسی جور کردن
to find a suitable romantic partner for someone
fix somebody/something up with
I asked my best friend to fix me up with someone.
موفقیت‌آمیز بودن - طبق برنامه پیش رفتن
to happen as planned
come off
His attempt to impress us all didn’t quite come off.
تلاش او برای تحت‌تأثیر قرار دادن ما زیاد موفقیت‌آمیز نبود.
They had wanted it to be a surprise but the plan didn’t come off.
آنها می‌خواستند غافلگیری باشد، اما برنامه‌شان موفقیت‌آمیز نبود.
It was a good idea, but it didn’t quite come off.
The performance on the first night came off pretty well.
بیشترین/کمترین بهره را بردن
get the most or least advantages from a situation
come off best/worst :
As far as pensions go, it’s still women who come off worst.
تفسیر کردن
to interpret /ɪnˈtɜrprət/
It’s difficult to interpret these statistics without knowing how they were obtained.
تفسیر کردن این داده‌های آماری بدون دانستن اینکه چگونه به دست آمده‌اند، دشوار است
ترک کردن (قرص و مواد و الکل)
to stop taking a drug that you have been taking regularly
to come off sth
.I’ve tried to get him to come off the tranquillizers.
من سعی کردم کاری کنم او مصرف آرام‌بخش را ترک کند.
It wasn’t until I tried to come off the pills that I realized I was addicted.
گول(چیزی را) خوردن باور کردن
to fall for sth
I can’t believe you fell for that old excuse!
باورم نمی‌شود که گول آن بهانه قدیمی را خوردی!
I’m surprised you fell for that trick.
تعجب میکنم که آن حقه را باور کردی.
be taken in :
Don’t be taken in by products claiming to help you lose weight in a week.
I can’t believe she was taken in by him
Do you think the teacher was taken in by your excuse?
خاطرخواه/ عاشق/شیفته (کسی) شدن
to fall for /fɔl fɔr/ [گذشته: fell for]
She fell for a tall, handsome Frenchman.
او خاطرخواه یک مرد فرانسوی قدبلند و خوش‌قیافه شد.
They fell for each other instantly.
آنها بلافاصله عاشق همدیگر شدند.
be infatuated with someone /ɪnˈfætʃueɪtɪd/
She was completely infatuated with him
ذکر نکردن، از قلم انداختن
not to choose someone or something.
skip over (someone/something)
I skipped over the boring parts of the exhibition.
The director skipped over me when choosing a managing editor.
to omit /oʊˈmɪt/
He inadvertently omitted some important data from the report.
او سهوا چند داده مهم را از گزارش حذف کرد.
بریدن قطع کردن، جدا کردن
to remove or get rid of something, especially by cutting it out
excise /ɪkˈsaɪz/
During a three-hour operation six tumors were excised from the wall of the patient’s stomach.
The official censors have excised the controversial sections of the report.
Offensive scenes were excised from the film.
to sever /ˈsevər/
Martin’s hand was severed in the accident.
The knife severed an artery and he bled to death.
Her foot was severed from her leg in a car accident.
Electricity cables have been severed by the storm.
cut off
مالیات بستن بر
to impose/levy excise on sth /ɪkˈsaɪz/
the excise levied on beer and tobacco
impose a levy on sth
The government imposed a levy on gasoline
جنجال به پا کردن
to make a scene
She doesn’t want to make a scene before strangers
بهینه/اصلاح کردن
tweak /twiːk/
Maybe you should tweak a few sentences before you send in the report.
The software is pretty much there - it just needs a little tweaking.
You just need to tweak the last paragraph and then it’s done.
Standing in front of the mirror she tweaked a strand of hair into place.
amend /əˈmend/ :
MPs were urged to amend the law to prevent another oil tanker disaster.
In line 20, ‘men’ should be amended (= changed) to ‘people’.
Until the constitution is amended, the power to appoint ministers will remain with the president
The law was amended to include women.
The defendant later amended his evidence.
‘Steve stole it – or rather borrowed it,’ he amended.
to suddenly pull or twist something:
tweak /twiːk/
She leant forward and tweaked both ends of his moustache.
پشتکارداشتن ، استقامت بخرج دادن ، ثابت قدم ماندن
persevere /ˌpɜːsəˈvɪə, ˌ $ ˌpɜːrsəˈvɪr/
He persevered with his task until he had succeeded in collecting an armful of firewood
She had persevered in her claim for compensation
از یک زن خواستگاری کردن
propose to a woman /prəˈpoʊz tu ə ˈwʊmən/
کسی را برای/به‌عنوان چیزی پیشنهاد دادن
to propose somebody for/as something
I propose Tom Ellis for chairman.
من “تام الیس” را برای ریاست پیشنهاد می‌دهم.
چیزی را ریزریز کردن
to tear something into pieces:
rip something up
Sue ripped his photo up into tiny bits.
Demonstrators ripped up the national flag amid shouts of ‘Death to the tyrants!’(حاکم ستمگر)
پیش قرار گرفتن - جلو بودن
to come before something else
precede /prɪˈsiːd/
Kofi Annan preceded Ban Ki-moon as the Secretary-General of the UN.
.Lyndon Johnson preceded Richard Nixon as president.
“لیندن جانسن” در مقام ریاست جمهوری پیش از “ریچارد نیکسن” قرار داشت.
In a gallant gesture, Ronnie allowed Amanda’s name to precede his in the program listing.
“رونی” در حرکتی جوانمردانه اجازه داد که اسم “آماندا” قبل از اسم او در لیست برنامه قرار بگیرد.
برای کسی ترجمه (شفاهی) کردن
to interpret for somebody
We had to ask the guide to interpret for us.
مجبور شدیم از راهنما درخواست کنیم (که) برایمان ترجمه کند.
پاک شدن (از بین) رفتن
to come out
These ink stains won’t come out of my dress.
این لکه‌های جوهر از پیراهنم پاک نمی‌شوند.
Will the color come out if I wash it?
اگر این را بشویم، (لکه) رنگ پاک می‌شود؟
طلوع کردن بیرون آمدن (خورشید، ستاره و…)
to come out
It becomes really warm when the sun comes out.
وقتی که خورشید طلوع می‌کند، [هوا] واقعاً گرم می‌شود.
The rain stopped and the sun came out.
باران بند آمد و خورشید بیرون آمد
منتشر شدن ارائه شدن، اکران شدن (فیلم)
be produced
be published
be released
to come out When does their new album come out? کی آلبوم جدید آنها منتشر می‌شود؟ When is her new novel coming out? رمان جدید او کی منتشر می‌شود؟
پدیدار شدن دیده شدن، نمایان شدن
come into sight /view
After two hours at sea, the island came into sight.
بعد از دو ساعت در دریا بودن، جزیره دیده شد.
The ship at last came into sight.
بالاخره کشتی پدیدار شد
appear
به درد بخور و سودمند بودن
to become very good, useful, or important in a particular situation
come in handy /kʌm ɪn ˈhændi/
Don’t throw that box away – it might come in handy.
آن جعبه را درو نینداز - ممکن است به درد بخورد.
come into one’s own :
On icy roads, a four-wheel drive vehicle really comes into its own.
دسته جمعی /گروهی آمدن
come/arrive in a body
All guests came in a body.
همه مهمان ها دسته جمعی آمدند.
روبه‌رو شدن با مواجه شدن با، برخوردن به
come into contact with
I’d never come into contact with this theory before.
هرگز قبلاً با این نظریه روبه‌رو نشده بودم.
(توانایی خاصی) برای کسی عادی/طبیعی بودن
come naturally (to sb) : Dancing seemed to come naturally to her.
چیزی را به ارث بردن
to receive money, land, or property from someone after they have died
come into sth:
She’ll come into quite a lot of money when her father dies.
اعمال/ اجرایی شدن
to start working or being used
come into/take effect/force :
On April 1 new sales taxes will come into effect.
The new credit regulations will take effect next year.
چیزی شدن - اتفاقی افتادن - نتیجه ای به منصه ظهور رسیدن
to happen as a result of something
come of sth :
I did ask a few questions, but nothing came of it.
Did anything come of all those job applications?
بر کسی تکلیف/واجب شدن
be incumbent on/upon sb :
She felt it incumbent upon/on her to raise the subject at their meeting.
حاشا کردن
to say that you are not responsible for something, that you do not know about it, or that you are not involved with it
disavow the knowledge of sth /ˌdɪsəˈvaʊ/
He has disavowed any knowledge of the money.
به کسی رحم کردن
take a pity on sb
I took pity on him and allowed him to stay
to have pity on sb
We begged him to have pity on us
ساده گذشتن، جدی نگرفتن
Take something well
Even though he lost his job, he took it well.
از کسی بریدن و کسی را ترک کردن
walk out on sb
He walked out on his wife and kids
I can’t believe you would even consider walking out on your family when they need you the most!
We never finished our conversation. He just walked out on me in the middle of dinner.
ارزیابی کردن - سبک و سنگین کردن
to judge how successful, effective etc someone or something is, especially by comparing their good and bad points
appraise /əˈpreɪz/
Twice a year, managers appraise the performance of employees.
This research aims to appraise the effectiveness of different kinds of public sector financial assistance.
On what basis will a teacher be appraised?
assess /əˈses/
Are tests and exams the best way to assess students’ progress?
The insurance company will send someone to assess the damage.
evaluate /ɪˈvæljueɪt/
The data from the study is still being evaluated.
The test is used to evaluate the effects of pesticides on domestic bees.
gauge /ɡeɪdʒ/
A meeting was arranged in order to gauge the opinions of pupils, parents and teachers.
It’ s too early to gauge the impact of the oil price rises on people’s spending.
Without further information it is impossible to gauge the full extent of the problem.
put (something) in(to) perspective
Seeing the devastation caused by a natural disaster like that really puts our petty gripes and problems in perspective, doesn’t it?
You don’t think it’s that big a deal? Well, let me put it into perspective for you: each of us will get 10 years in prison if we’re caught.
size somebody/something up
It only took a few seconds for her to size up the situation.
What’s with these questions? Are you trying to size me up intellectually/ put me through the mill?
قضیه این سوال ها چیه؟ داری سعی می کنی ببینی چقدر بارمه؟
با کسی مواجه شدن
to meet someone you know when you are not expecting to
run into sb
Graham ran into someone he used to know at school the other day.
تصور/ برداشت کردن
to be under the impression
I was under the impression that you didn’t like your job.
تصور می‌کردم که کارت را دوست نداری.
get the impression
I get the impression that he’s rather shy.
به‌نظرم او نسبتاً خجالتی است.
I got the distinct impression that you disliked her.
زیرکی بکار بردن
to do something with a lot of skill and style
finesse /fəˈnes, fɪˈnes/
Dario played the sonata with great finesse
در وضع ثابت ماندن
stay at a particular level
plateau /ˈplætəʊ $ plæˈtoʊ/
Inflation rates have reached a plateau.
The athletic footwear market has not yet plateaued.
to reach a plateau
children’s standard of reading seems to have reached a plateau
آلت دست/بازیچه شدن
become pawn
They became pawns in the political battle
چیزی را به کسی قالب کردن/انداختن
pawn something off on sb
Don’t let him pawn off an old bike on you – get a new one.
palm something off on/onto sb
He tried to palm off his old books onto me.
Dealers sometimes palm off fakes as genuine works of art.
His car had many faults. He palmed it off on me.
از چیزی خاطره داشتن
to have memories of sth
I have so many great memories of that place
حساسیت/آلرژی داشتن به چیزی
be allergic to
I’m allergic to penicillin
وداع کردن با کسی
to bid sb farewell
We bade them a final farewell.
مطالبه کردن
claim
You can claim on the insurance if you have an accident while on holiday
If you’re still not satisfied, you may be able to claim compensation.
He should be able to claim the price of the ticket back
باد/گاز تزریق کردن
to fill something with air or gas so it becomes larger, or to become filled with air or gas
inflate /ɪnˈfleɪt/
Her life jacket failed to inflate
The balloon was kept fully inflated with hydrogen.
بر علیه کسی لشکرکشی کردن
to form a group to attack or criticize someone, usually unfairly
gang up against/on sb
Some older girls have been ganging up on her at school.
از نظر عاطفی) به کسی وابسته بودن ، دلبستگی داشتن
to cling /klɪŋ/ [گذشته: clung]
.After her mother’s death, Sara clung to her aunt more than ever.
سارا بعد از مرگ مادرش بیش از پیش به خاله‌اش وابسته شد
مهارت داشتن در کاری
be a virtuoso in (doing)sth /vɜːrtʃuˈoʊsoʊ/
my mother is a real virtuoso in the kitchen
به دنبال/در تعقیب کسی/چیزی بودن
Following or chasing someone or something.
be in pursuit of (sbo/sth) /pəˈsjuːt $ pərˈsuːt/
We are in pursuit of a person of perspicacity for the job
I called the police, and now they’re in pursuit of the burglar.
توبیخ کردن
to tell someone officially that something they have done is very wrong
reprimand sb for (doing) sth /ˈreprəmɑːnd, -mænd/
He was reprimanded for his indiscreet remarks.
The military court reprimanded him for failing to do his duty.
تردید / درنگ کردن
to scruple
she doesn’t scruple to ask her parents for money
تشخیص دادن ، تمیز دادن
discern /dɪˈsɜːn $ -ɜːrn/
She could clearly discern a figure walking up towards the house
I am grown up enough to discern right from wrong.
باطل/ابطال/فسخ کردن
revoke /rɪˈvəʊk $ -ˈvoʊk/
his certificate has been revoked due to the ethical violation
Their work permit was revoked
a policeman has the power to revoke a driver’s license.
یک افسر پلیس قدرت باطل کردن یک گواهینامه رانندگی را دارد.
احساساتی شدن (همراه با اشک در چشم)
go misty-eyed
He goes all misty-eyed whenever he hears that song.
آماده انجام کاری بودن
be willing to do sth
this country is willing to spend astronomical figures to produce knowledge
این کشور آماده اینه که رقمهای نجومی رو برای تولید علم خرج کند
از گیر در اوردن ، حل کردن
to understand or explain something that is mysterious or complicated
unravel /ʌnˈrævəl/
Detectives are still trying to unravel the mystery surrounding his death.
برطرف کردن ، از میان برداشتن ، فائق امدن
surmount /səˈmaʊnt $ sər-/
You’ll have to surmount the language barrier if you wand to trade with the European countries.
به گرد پای کسی/چیزی نرسیدن
to not be as good as the person or thing mentioned
cannot hold a candle to (someone or something)
Nobody can hold a candle to her in the kitchen.
تو آشپزی هیچ کسی به گرد پاش نمی رسه
I’m really surprised that the sequel even holds a candle to the original.
John’s fast all right, but he can’t hold a candle to Louise!
عذر کسی را خواستن - کسی را از مقامی / جایی اخراج کردن
dispense with sb’s services
I’m afraid that we will have to dispense with your services
متاسفم که ما باید عذر شما رو بخوایم
Let’s dispense with the formalities (=speak openly and directly), shall we?
People who believe we can dispense with government services don’t realize how much they need them.
make somebody redundant / rɪˈdʌndənt/
Seventy factory workers were made redundant in the resulting cuts.
هفتاد کارگر کارخانه طی تعدیل‌های حاصله از کار اخراج شدند.
لو دادن
to give information about someone, usually something bad that they have said or done, especially to a person in authority
tell on sb
Someone has told the teacher on me for using crib notes.
turn somebody in :
Margrove’s wife finally turned him in.
The hit-and-run driver turned himself in to the police the day after the accident.
leak something to somebody
civil servants who leak information to the press
مستثنی/معاف کردن
exempt /ɪɡˈzempt/
he was exempted from services on medial grounds
معاف پزشکی شد
برطرف کردن، دفع کردن، (هرچیز منفی را) باطل کردن
to remove fears, doubts and false ideas, usually by proving them wrong or unnecessary
dispel /dɪˈspel/
The are trying to dispel the confusion reigning over the market.
آنها در تلاشند که آشفتگی حاکم بر بازار را از بین ببرند.
I’d like to start the speech by dispelling a few rumours that have been spreading recently.
- He is trying to dispel the rumors about his resignation.
- او می‌کوشد که شایعات مربوط به استعفای خود را برطرف کند.
- Then a breeze came and dispelled the smoke.
- سپس نسیمی آمد و دود را پراکنده کرد
چیزی را در نطفه خفه کردن
strangle sth at birth
The Army has declared its complete readiness to defend Iran and strangle at birth threats of all kind.
ارتش آمادگی خود را برای دفاع از ایران و در نطفه خفه کردن هر نوع تهدیدی اعلام کرده است
خوار شمردن و عار دانستن
disdain
he disdains to answer my qustion
عارش میاد به سوال من جواب بده
برآورده کردن (انتظار)
To meet a particular requirement, standard, or expectation.
measure up (to someone or something) They rejected my PhD degree with disdain saying that I didn't measure up to their set standards.
تحقیر کردن
Treat/regard somebody/something with disdain
My teacher regarded my efforts with disdain.
معلمم زحمات منو تحقیر کرد
Why does he treat his father with such disdain?
He regards the political process with disdain
Tourists were treated with disdain at the Embassy.
disdain
the older employees disdained the recently hired ones.
کارمندان قدیمی تر، تازه استخدام شده ها را تحقیر کردند.
Childcare was seen as women’s work, and men disdained it.
to humiliate /hjuˈmɪliˌeɪt/ تحقیر /خوار کردن
He humiliated me in front of my friends.
او، مرا جلوی دوستانم، تحقیر کرد.
to demean /dɪˈmin/
I wouldn’t demean myself by begging him for a job.
degrade
This poster is offensive and degrades women
debase /dɪˈbeɪs/:
The medical profession has been debased by these revelations
show contempt for somebody /kənˈtɛm(p)t/
The report shows utter contempt for women’s judgement
treat somebody with contempt
The public is treated with contempt by broadcasters.
I shall treat that suggestion with the contempt it deserves.
She treated these accusations with the contempt they deserved.
hold somebody in contempt
How could she have loved a man who so clearly held her in contempt?
Politicians seem to be generally held in contempt by the police.
خیال کسی را راحت کردن
to make someone feel less worried about something
set somebody’s mind at rest
Why don’t you talk to him, and put his mind at rest.
چرا با او صحبت نمی‌کنی و خیالش را راحت نمی‌کنی؟
ease sb’s mind:
It would ease my mind to know you had arrived safely.
روی چیزی (بعنوان هدف) تمرکز کردن
focus on someone or something as one’s goal.
set (one’s) sights on (someone or something)
Ever since she was a little girl, Janet has set her sights on being a fighter pilot.
They’re setting their sights on you to be their new head of marketing.
بر کسی فائق آمدن - کسی را کنار زدن
to win a competition against someone and get a job or position
edge somebody out
I was able to edge out the other applicants to get the job.
از (مقدار/معیار مشخصی ) عبور کردن
surpass /səˈpɑːs $ sərˈpæs/
He had surpassed all our expectations.
The number of multiple births has surpassed 100,000 for the first time.
بهتر بودن /فراتررفتن از حدی
surpass /səˈpɑːs $ sərˈpæs/
The second half of the match comfortably surpassed the first in entertainment value.
از توقعات فراتر بودن
surpass/exceed expectations
The holiday exceeded our expectations
کسی را ناراحت و آزرده کردن
bum out (همراه با حس ناامیدی)
I can’t watch the news because it always bums me out.
Todd just heard that he didn’t get the job, and he’s really bummed out.
That comment just bummed me out.
aggrieve /əˈɡriːv/ US /əˈɡriːv/ :
Years later, this unfairness still aggrieves him.
خرابکاری کردن - تر زدن
To do something badly.
make a muck of something
حس خارش (به کسی) منتقل کردن - خارش کردن
itch
My feet were itching terribly.
The label on this shirt itches me
I can’t wear wool - it makes me itch.
تمایل شدیدی به چیزی/انجام کاری داشتن
to want to do something very much and as soon as possible:
be itching to do something
be itching for something
He was itching for a fight.
He was itching for a chance to show how good he was
خاراندن-خارش دادن
scratch
John yawned and scratched his leg
خراشیدن خراش دادن
scratch She ran at him and scratched his face. Don’t scratch yourself on the thorns. I’m afraid I’ve scratched your car. Some of the prisoners had scratched their names on the walls.
to think carefully about a difficult question or problem
scratch your head :
This crisis has politicians scratching their heads and wondering what to do.
نشاء زدن
to transplant
You need to transplant that cactus.
عقب راندن/نگهداشتن کسی
to prevent someone who is trying to attack or defeat you from succeeding
hold somebody off
Not even a gun could hold him off forever
قلمرو خود را مشخص/تعیین کردن
to mark one’s territory
چیزی را به حافظه سپردن / حفظ کردن
commit something to memory
learn by heart
memorize
حک کردن ، تراشیدن ، کنده کاری کردن ، قلم زدن
carve
the statue was carved from a single block of marble
Someone had carved their initials[حرف اول نام و نام خانوادگی] on the tree.
to engrave /ɪnˈɡreɪv/
Their names are engraved on a stone tablet.
اسامی آنها روی یک لوح سنگی حک شده‌است.
to let sth [argument or bad feeling ] to grow more unpleasant or full of anger, because it is not being properly recognized or dealt with
fester
It’s better to expressed your anger than let it fester inside you
دوره / تکرار کردن
to repeat something in order to practise it or make sure it is correct
run through something:
Let’s run through the first scene again
به‌سرعت خواندن/بررسی کردن
to read, look at, or explain something quickly
run through something :
Briefly, she ran through details of the morning’s events
به ذهن کسی خطور کردن
to suddenly think of something
run through your mind/head:
It ran through my mind that I was being tricked by Charlie.
چیزی را (با بی مبالاتی) مصرف کردن و به انتها رساندن
run through (money or something) We ran through a lot of money when we bought furniture for our new apartment.
نارو زدن به کسی و او را فروختن
rat out (on) someone
The boy’s friend ratted out on him and refused to support him in his fight with the neighborhood bully.
The boy ratted out on his friends and now they won’t talk to him.
He ratted out on his friends and now they won’t talk to him.
او به دوستانش نارو زد و الان آنها با او حرف نمی زنند.
You’re the only one who knows I did it. Don’t rat out.
he ratted out a pair of colleagues so he could stay out of jail
دست و پای خود را گم کردن
lose bearings
I completely lost my bearings in the dark.
خرج برداشتن - هزینه ایجاد کردن
cost someone a particular amount of money, especially a large amount
set someone back
My friend asked me how much my new coat had set me back.
دوستم از من پرسید کت جدیدم چقدر برایم آب خورده است.
Jim’s new car must have set him back £30,000.
Buying that suit must have set you back.
It’s a handy gadget and will only set you back about $15.
به آتش کشیدن آتش زدن
set on fire
اراده کردن برای بدست آوردن چیزی
to decide to achieve something
set your sights on sth:
Jenny has set her sights on winning the competition.
set your mind to something
You can lose weight if you set your mind to it.
عطش/ میل زیادی داشتن به بدست آوردن چیزی
to want to get or achieve something very much
set your heart on sth/doing sth:
She’s set her heart on having a pony.
to say that you are a particular type of person
set yourself up as sth :
He sets himself up as an expert on vegetable growing, but he doesn’t seem to me to know much about it.
واگذار کردن
to give someone the official right to do or own something
to vest [گذشته: vested]
Copyright is vested in the author for 50 years
In the case of bankruptcy, the property shall vest in the trustee.
در صورت ورشکستگی، ملک به متولی واگذار خواهد شد.
forfeit
Usually you must forfeit your native country’s citizenship to become a citizen of another country
کسی را دور نگه داشتن - مانع نزدیک شدن کسی/چیزی شدن
to force a person or animal to go away from you
drive somebody off :
We keep dogs in the yard to drive off intruders.
کسی را شیفته / مسحور کردن
charm the pants off someone
to enthrall /ɪnˈθrɔːl $ -ˈθrɒːl/
The children were enthralled by the story she was telling
hold sb captive
.Placido can hold an audience captive with his marvelous singing voice.
“پلاسیدو” می‌تواند مخاطب را با صدای (آوازخوانی) شگفت‌انگیزش شیفته کند.
کسی را ترک کردن و تنها گذاشتن
to leave someone, especially when you should stay because they need you
forsake /fɔːˈseɪk/ US /fɔːr-/
children forsaken by their parents
abandon
(چیز/کاری را) ترک کردن و دیگر انجام ندادن
to stop doing, using, or having something that you enjoy
forsake /fɔːˈseɪk/ US /fɔːr-/
She will never forsake her vegetarian principles
give up
کسی را ترک کردن و تنها گذاشتن
to leave someone, especially when you should stay because they need you
forsake /fɔːˈseɪk/ US /fɔːr-/ forsook, forsaken
children forsaken by their parents
abandon
(چیز/کاری را) ترک کردن و دیگر انجام ندادن
to stop doing, using, or having something that you enjoy
forsake /fɔːˈseɪk/ US /fɔːr-/ forsook, forsaken
She will never forsake her vegetarian principles
give up
جایی را (علیرغم میل باطنی) ترک کردن
To leave some place, often under repressive conditions and when it is prohibited, and go to another place.
forsake /fɔːˈseɪk/ US /fɔːr-/ forsook, forsaken
He has forsaken his native Finland to live in Britain
defect
I defected to this country after witnessing the atrocities being carried out in my homeland.
The British spy, Kim Philby, defected to the Soviet Union/defected from Britain in 1963
جور بودن آمدن (رنگ و…) با چیزی
to blend in with sth /blɛnd ɪn/
Choose curtains that blend in with your decor.
پرده‌هایی را انتخاب کن که با دکور (خانه)ات بیاید.
The carpet doesn’t blend in with the rest of the room.
فرش با بقیه اتاق جور نیست.
sits easily with
Charles’ concern for the environment sits uneasily with his collection of powerful cars
fit well with
قاطی (جمعیت) شدن - همرنگ جماعت شدن
to look or seem the same as surrounding people or things and therefore not be easily noticeable
blend in/blend into sth :
We tried to blend into the crowd.
They have adopted local customs and tried to blend in with the community.
to accept a lower price
come down to
He’s asking £5,000, but he may be willing to come down to £4,800.
ختم شدن - رسیدن
come down to
Eventually our choice of hotel will come down to how much we can afford.
درنهایت، انتخاب هتل ما به این ختم می‌شود که چقدر بخواهیم خرج کنیم.
It all comes down to money in the end.
همه چیز در آخر به پول ختم می‌شود.
موضع بی طرف گرفتن
to adopt a neutral position
Clive decided to adopt a neutral position.
از حیث تعداد بیشتر بودن ، افزون بودن بر
to be more in number than another group
outnumber /aʊtˈnʌmbə $ -ər/
Men in prison vastly outnumber women.
In nursing, women still outnumber men by four to one.
کوتاه آمدن (در برابر چیزی) - (چیزی را) با اکراه پذیرفتن
to agree to something after originally opposing it.
to give in (to sth)
Eventually I gave in and accepted the job on their terms.
Brown shrugged his shoulders and gave in, surrendering to the police without a word.
He nagged me so much for a new bike that eventually I gave in.
The government cannot be seen to give in to terrorists’ demands
concede /kənˈsid/:
‘That’s the only possible solution.’ ‘Yes, I suppose so,’ Charles conceded.
I conceded that I had made a number of errors.
In May 1949, Stalin conceded defeat and reopened land access to Berlin
The King finally agreed to concede further powers to Parliament.
Finally the company conceded wage increases to their workers
He reluctantly conceded that he was not fit enough to play in the match
The firm should concede a significant salary increase to its employees.
Capitulate to … /kəˈpɪtʃʊleɪt/
We capitulated to their demands out of desperation.
از روی ناچاری در برابر درخواست‌های آنها سر تسلیم فرود آوردیم.
withdraw from one’s stance
It a matter of my pride. Withdrawing from my stance amounts to conceding defeat.
مسئله ی غرورمه. اگر کوتاه بیام یعنی شکست رو قبول کردم.
سر موضع خود ایستادن - بر موضع خود پافشاری کردن
to refuse to change your opinions or behaviour, even if other people try to force you to do this.
stand (one’s) ground
The union stood its ground in negotiations despite pressure by management to accept a pay cut.
While others urged him to try to rescue the peace process, he’s been insisting he’ll stand his ground.
زیربار (چیزی) رفتن ،
to agree unwillingly that something is true or that someone else is right
admit to sb (to ) [doing something]
You may not like her, but you have to admit that she’s good at her job.
Paul admitted to me that he sometimes feels jealous of my friendship with Stanley.
admit (to) doing something
Dana admitted feeling hurt by what I had said.
Phillips openly admits to having an alcohol problem.
اجازه ورود/ملحق شدن به کسی دادن
admit somebody to/into something
Only ticket-holders will be admitted into the stadium.
Drake was admitted into the club in 1997
احضار کردن ، فرا خواندن
recall /rɪˈkɔːl $ ˈriːkɒːl/
Cole was recalled to the squad to replace the injured Quinn.
The Ambassador was recalled from Washington.
to summon /ˈsʌmən/ [گذشته: summoned]
The boys were summoned to the principal’s office.
پسرها به دفتر مدیر احضار شدند
muster /ˈmʌstə $ -ər/
In April 1185, he began to muster an army[ارتش را فراخواندن]
The twelfth division mustered on the hill.
The general mustered his troops.
to call out
If the rioting continues, the governor will have to call out the National Guard.
arraign /əˈreɪn/
Thompson was arraigned on a charge of murder.
برگشت دادن /مرجوع کردن چیزی
recall /rɪˈkɔːl $ ˈriːkɒːl/
The cars had to be recalled due to an engine fault.
یادآور چیزی بودن
recall /rɪˈkɔːl $ ˈriːkɒːl/
The furnishings recall the 1960s
آماده بودن برای چیزی - آمادگی رویارویی با چیزی را داشتن
be prepared for sth
You should be prepared for what is to come
لگد کردن
tread
(past tense trod /trɒd $ trɑːd/, past participle trodden /ˈtrɒdn $ ˈtrɑːdn/)
Sorry, did I tread on your foot?
پاگذاشتن روی چیزی
tread
(past tense trod /trɒd $ trɑːd/, past participle trodden /ˈtrɒdn $ ˈtrɑːdn/)
She trod barefoot on the soft grass
trample on/over/through etc
There was a small fence to stop people trampling on the flowers
Police officers had been trampling all over the ground.
خود را به آب و آتش زدن
bend over backwards
we have bent over backwards to ensure a fair trial for the defendants
She bent over backwards to help him.
پیشتاز بودن
be in the lead
She was in the lead from start to finish.
have lead (over sb/sth)
The Socialists now have a commanding lead over their opponents.
The Chicago Bulls had a narrow lead (=were winning by a small number of points).
He has a lead of about ten minutes and is expected to win the race.
او پیشتازی ده دقیقه‌ای دارد و انتظار می‌رود (که) برنده مسابقه شود.
جلو/پیش انداختن
put into the lead
The goal put Holland into the lead
جلو/پیش افتادن و پیشتازی کردن
go into the lead
The Canadians went into the lead after only 30 seconds.
take the lead
The Bears took the lead for the first time this season.
سرنخ دادن
to give someone information about something
clue sb in [on/about sth]
Somebody must have clued him in on our sales strategy.
give sb clue
I’ll give you a clue, Kevin, it’s a kind of bird.
تبعید کردن
to send someone away, especially from their country, and forbid them to come back
exile /ˈeksaɪl, ˈeɡzaɪl/
Several of the leaders were arrested and exiled to France
to banish :
He was banished to an uninhabited island for a year.
They were banished (= sent out) from the library for making a noise.
I was banished to a distant corridor.
They tried to banish the memory from their minds
برانداختن (دولت یا حکومت) سرنگون کردن
to remove a person or group from a position of power.
to overthrow /ˌoʊvərˈθroʊ/
[گذشته: overthrew] [گذشته کامل: overthrown]
The dictator was overthrown in a military coup.
(حکومت) رهبر مستبد در یک کودتای نظامی سرنگون شد
topple /ˈtɒpəl $ ˈtɑː-/
This scandal could topple the government.
unseat /ˌʌnˈsiːt/ [گذشته: unseated]
The opposition candidate failed by only 39 votes to unseat the cabinet minister
.It is still not clear who was behind Sunday’s attempt to unseat the President
take down (someone/something) Stockholders are hoping to take down the company's management team. Bush decided it was up to American forces to take Saddam down
خط زدن - حذف کردن
to remove someone or something, such as a name, from a list by drawing a line through it
cross sb/sth off (sth) :
Whenever I buy something, I cross it off the list.
کلاهبرداری/ شیادی کردن
scam /skæm/
متهم شدن به چیزی
be charged with
He was charged with aggravated assault
وقت گذراندن با کسی
to spend time doing things you enjoy with someone you like.
pal around (with (someone)) Jackie pals around with other students who also listen to rap music.
to knock around/about together
They have knocked about together for years.
آنها سالهاست که با هم وقت گذرانده‌اند.
گواهی/ شهادت دادن
to make a formal statement of what is true, especially in a court of law
testify /ˈtestəfaɪ, ˈtestɪfaɪ/
Mr Molto has agreed to testify at the trial.
the witness who had testified against him withdrew his allegation
.She refused to testify against her husband
He was asked to testify in court on assassination
to give testimony
The witness was called to give oral testimony about the incident outside the theatre
پیدا/یافت شدن
to be found, especially by chance, after having been lost or searched for
turn up
I lost my glasses last week and they haven’t turned up yet.
سرزده جایی حضور یافتن -حاضر شدن در جایی-سر رسیدن
to arrive at a place, especially in a way that is unexpected
turn up
You can’t just turn up and expect a meal.
Steve turned up late, as usual.
She turned up at my house late one night.
او یک شب دیر وقت دم خانه من (سر) رسید.
Steve turned up late, as usual.
“استیو” طبق معمول دیر رسید.
پیدا شدن
to happen, especially when you are not expecting it {an opportunity or situation}
turn up
Don’t worry, I’m sure a job will turn up soon
جایی را زیرورو کردن(برای پیدا کردن چیزی)
turn sth upside down:
I turned the apartment upside down but I couldn’t find those photos.
dig through
با غرور و تکبر رفتار کردن - از بالا به دیگران نگاه کردن
turn up one’s nose at
I turned my nose at Sara, and that hurt her feelings
به صدا درآمدن
to go off
The thieves ran away when the alarm went off.
I’ve set the alarm clock to go off at 7 am.
(دیگر) کسی/چیزی را دوست نداشتن
to go off somebody/something
I’ve gone off meat.
من (دیگر) گوشت دوست ندارم [من دیگر گوشت نمی‌خورم].
Many women go off coffee during pregnancy.
بسیاری از خانم‌ها موقع بارداری دیگر قهوه نمی‌خورند.
فاسد شدن
to go off
That milk will go off if you don’t put it in the fridge.
آن شیر فاسد خواهد شد، اگر آن را در یخچال نگذاری.
to decay /dəˈkeɪ/
Her body was already starting to decay
پوساندن
to decay /dəˈkeɪ/
Pollution has decayed the surface of the stonework on the front of the cathedral.
آلودگی، سطح سنگ‌کاری‌شده جلوی کلیسای جامع را پوسانده‌است.
Sugar makes your teeth decay.
شکر دندان‌های شما را خراب می‌کند.
به زوال رفتن
to decay /dəˈkeɪ/
The role of the extended family has been decaying for some time
تبدیل به خرابه / ویرانه شدن، مخروبه شدن
fall into decay /fɔl ˈɪntu dəˈkeɪ/
During the war, the area fell into decay.
در طول جنگ، منطقه تبدیل به خرابه شد.
fall into disrepair
During the war, the area fell into disrepair.
در طول جنگ، منطقه تبدیل به خرابه شد.
جدا افتادن(قطع ارتباط) توسط چیزی
be cut (by sth) the town was cut by deep snow
مرمت / نونوار کردن
to repair an old building or car, or to improve its appearance
do something up :
They did up an old cottage in the Scottish Highlands.
The apartment was done up in Viennese style.
He makes money by buying old houses and doing them up.
او با خریدن خانه‌های قدیمی و نونوار کردن آنها پول در می‌آورد.
بستن (دکمه و زیپ لباس)
do something up
Help me do up this zipper.
کمکم کن این زیپ را ببندم [بالا بکشم].
I can’t do up my shirt. The button is missing.
نمی‌توانم (دکمه) پیراهنم را ببندم. دکمه(اش) گم شده‌است.
You hold it in place while I do up the nut.
در حالی که من گره را می‌بندم، تو آن را (محکم) در جایش نگهدار.
وقت خود را گذراندن
to do with oneself :
She didn’t know what to do with herself after she retired.
منفجر شدن ترکیدن
explode
to go off
The bomb went off right after the president left his office.
آن بمب، درست پس از آنکه رئیس‌جمهور دفترش را ترک کرد، منفجر شد.
جستجو کردن - دنبال چیزی گشتن
to search something in order to find something in particular
go through something :
She started to go through the bundle of letters.
او شروع به گشتن دسته نامه‌ها کرد.
Dave went through his pockets looking for the keys.
Customs officers went through all my bags
ferret around/round/about
He started ferreting around in his desk.
She ferreted in her bag for a pen.
scout (around/round) /skaʊt/
I’m scouting round for a place to stay.
American companies are keen to scout out business opportunities in Vietnam.
He’s scouting about/around for somewhere better to live.
She’s opened an office in Connecticut to scout out (= discover information about) the east coast housing market.
look through sth : (با چشم یا دست)
I’ve looked through all my papers but I still can’t find the contract.
I looked through her purse. من کیف دستی او را گشتم.
تجربه کردن (وضعیتی دشوار) ، متحمل شدن، دچار شدن
to experience a difficult or unpleasant situation, feeling etc
go through something :
When you’re going through a crisis, it often helps to talk to someone.
He’s going through a divorce at the moment.
It is devastating for a parent to watch a child go through misery
Be afflicted /əˈflɪktəd/
Society is severely afflicted by intellectual impoverishment.
جامعه شدیدا دچار فقر فکری شده است.
suffer
undergo
چیزی را تجربه کردن
to experience a particular process
go through something:
Candidates must go through a process of selection.
Caterpillars go through several stages of growth.
She’s been going through a bad time recently.
اخیراً او دوران بدی را سپری کرده‌است.
She’s going through a difficult time with her job.
او دارد دوران دشواری را در کارش تجربه می‌کند.
تمام کردن (چیزی)، کامل استفاده کردن
to use up money or a supply of something
go through something:
We went through five pints of milk last week.
تصویب شدن (قانون و …) رسماً پذیرفته شدن، رسماً تکمیل شدن
be officially approved
go through (something)
He accepted the offer and the deal went through.
The deal did not go through.
آن معامله رسماً پذیرفته نشد [انجام نشد].
The sale of the building is set to go through.
فروش آن ساختمان آماده است که رسماً تکمیل شود.
چیزی را مرور / بازبینی کردن
to repeat something in order to explain it or make sure it is correct
go through something:
I have to go through the report.
Let’s go through the plan one more time.
بیا یک بار دیگر برنامه [نقشه] را مرور کنیم.
go over something :
Once again I went over exactly what I needed to say.
دست کسی به چیزی رسیدن و چیزی را گیرآوردن
to find something or obtain it, usually after some difficulty.
get/lay one’s hands on
If I can get my hands on a barbecue, I will grill some chicken
Patty began reading everything she could get her hands on
خودداری کردن (از)، پرهیز کردن (از)، امتناع کردن (از)
refrain from (doing) something Please refrain from smoking in this area. He deliberately refrained from expressing his opinion on the matter.
abstain (from) /əbˈsteɪn/
You should abstain from disclosing certain information to others.
شما باید از افشای اطلاعات خاصی به دیگران خوداری کنید.
Pilots must abstain from alcohol for 24 hours before flying.
Six countries voted for the change, five voted against, and two abstained.
Abstain from unhealthy food.
از غذای ناسالم پرهیز کنید.
Abstain from alcoholic beverages. /ˈbevərɪdʒ/
از نوشیدنی‌های الکلی پرهیز کن.
to refuse somebody something
They refused him a visa.
آنها از دادن ویزا به او امتناع کردند.
She refuses to talk to me saying what I did is unpardonable.
او از صحبت با من امتناع می کند و می گوید کاری که من کردم غیرقابل بخشش است.
کار خود را کردن (علیرغم مخالفت دیگران)
get one’s own way
If Tommy doesn’t get his way, he’ll start having a tantrum that could last all night.
Samantha always has to get her own way when it comes to dividing responsibilities for group assignments.
(به زمین) افتادن زمین خوردن
to fall over
Tommy fell over and cut his knee badly.
She fell over the dog and broke her front teeth.
trip over
Clary tripped over a cable and broke his foot.
با کسی سر موضوعی دعوا / مشاجره کردن
to fall out [with sb] [over sth] /fɔl aʊt/
[گذشته: fell out] [گذشته کامل: fallen out]
She’d fallen out with her boyfriend over his ex-girlfriend.
to have a quarrel
brawl
Fans brawled outside the stadium
جدا/کنده شدن
to become separated from the main part
fall off (something) : The door handle keeps falling off. A button had fallen off her jacket.
ضایع شدن - ناموفق بودن
to fail or make a mistake in an embarrassing way
fall flat {on face}
The new scheme fell flat on its face in spite of all the financial support that was given
The advertising campaign which had worked so well in the US fell flat in China
My attempt at humor fell flat and now the girl does not like me.
I fell flat on my face when I tried to make a speech at the wedding.
fall through :
The studio planned to make a movie of the book but the deal fell through
We found a buyer for our house, but then the sale fell through.
Our plans fell through because of lack of money
روی آوردن به چیزی
turn to something
Many people here are turning to solar power.
تلافی کردن
retaliate /rɪˈtælieɪt/
The British government retaliated by breaking off diplomatic relations.
The army began to retaliate against the civilian population
If someone insults you, don’t retaliate as it only makes the situation worse.
The demonstrators threw rocks at the police, who retaliated by firing blanks into the crowd.
The terrorists retaliated against the government with a bomb attack.
get back at someone
The girl is angry at her boyfriend and she is getting back at him by not answering the telephone.
to reciprocate /rɪˈsɪprəkeɪt/:
When he spoke I was expected to reciprocate with some remark of my own.
to pay somebody back (for something)
I’ll pay him back for making me look like a fool in front of everyone.
One day I’ll pay her back for lying to me!
یک روز بهخاطر دروغی که به من گفت تلافی میکنم.
strike back at somebody :
The prime minister immediately struck back at his critics
We instruct our staff never to strike back, however angry they feel
نپذیرفتن قبول نکردن
turn thumbs down on (someone or something)
My supervisor turned thumb downs on my plan to have a more flexible schedule.
The other negotiating team turned thumbs down on our wish to postpone the meeting until tomorrow.
The building committee turned thumbs down on our plans to make the office larger.
disapprove
reject
turn one’s nose up at something
She turned up her nose at the job because she didn’t think it had enough status.
موفق شدن در چیزی
to make a go of sth
Although he tried hard he was never able to make a go of his business.
تراوش کردن
exude /ɪɡˈzjuːd $ ɪɡˈzuːd/ She exudes charm. دلبری از سر و روش می‌باره. He exudes decorum. ادب از سر و روش می باره.
نقل مکان کردن
move to a different place
relocate /riːˈloʊkeɪt/
We are relocating to the North of England
داریم به شمال انگلیس جا‌به‌جا می‌شیم.
The residents were relocated to temporary accommodation while the work was being done
move into
of all houses he could move into,he has to but the one right behind me
سفارش کسی/چیزی را کردن
vouch for somebody/something
I’ll vouch for the quality of the report. I read it last night.
‘Where were you on the night of the murder?’ ‘In bed with flu. My wife can vouch for that.
ماست مالی /لاپوشانی کردن
to avoid considering something, such as an embarrassing mistake, to make it seem not important, and to quickly continue talking about something else
gloss over sth /ɡlɒs $ ɡlɒːs, ɡlɑːs/
She glossed over the company’s declining profits.
The documentary glossed over some important issues.
slur over (something) /slɜː $ slɜːr/
قضیه قاچاق مواد مخدر رو ماست مالی کردند.
They slurred over the smuggling of the drugs.
اختلاف انداختن - تفرقه افکنی کردن
to damage the good relationship that two people or groups of people have
drive a wedge between sb
They are trying to drive a wedge between us.
اونا سعی می کنن بین ما اختلاف بندازن.
میخکوب و متحیر شدن
Fixed in place; unable or unwilling to move.
be riveted to the ground /ˈrɪvət, ˈrɪvɪt/
He was speaking English so fluently that everyone was riveted to the ground watching him in awe.
انقدر انگلیسی خوب صحبت می کرد که همه میخکوب شده بودن متحیر داشتن بهش نگاه می کردن.
موافقت کردن
give (something) the thumbs up
They gave our proposal the thumbs up.
آنها پیشنهاد ما رو قبول کردند.
give one’s consent
Her parents have given their consent to the marriage.
consent
In court today, the judge consented to the lawyer’s plea for a light sentence.
امروز در دادگاه قاضی به دادخواست وکیل به حکمی سبکتر رضایت داد.
بیان/ادا کردن
articulate /ɑːrˈtɪkjuleɪt/
When children first learn to talk, there are some sounds that they find difficult to articulate.
وقتی کودکان ابتدا یاد میگیرند که صحبت کنند، آواهایی می‌یابند که تلفظ کردنشان دشوار است.
He was so drunk that he could barely articulate his words.
Many people are unable to articulate the unhappiness they feel.
افسون /طلسم کردن
cast a spell on
زیر سوال بردن به شبهه انداختن
cast doubt on /kæst daʊt ɑn/
New evidence has cast doubt on the guilty verdict.
شواهد جدید حکم گناه‌کار بودن را زیر سوال برده است.
منظوری داشتن
be getting at something
What do you think the poet is getting at in these lines?
فکر می‌کنی منظور شاعر از این ابیات چه بوده است؟
بدون چیزی/کسی نتوانستن زندگی کردن
be lost without somebody or something
She’s lost without her computer.
او بدون کامپیوترش نمی‌تواند زندگی کند.
قرار بودن (کاری انجام شدن) ، موظف بودن
be meant to /bi mɛnt tu/
Ellen, you’re meant to be helping me.
“الن”، قرار بود به من کمک کنی.
.I thought the police were meant to protect people.
. فکر کردم پلیس موظف است از مردم محافظت کند.
دیوانه / خل بودن
be off one’s head
He’s going off his head, you know.
او دارد خل می‌شود، می‌دانی.
کاردان / ماهر / مسلط بودن
be on the ball
.you really have to be on the ball for this job.
شما برای این کار باید واقعا کاردان باشید.
غرق در احساسات شدن - منقلب شدن
be overwhelmed with emotion
کم داشتن چیزی
be short of something
I’m short of money this month.
من این ماه پول کم دارم.
به اتمام/پایان رساندن کاری
To have finished something:
be through with
Are you through with that magazine?
آیا خواندن آن مجله را تمام کردی؟
You started that book yesterday; are you through yet?
I was through with my homework, so I went out and played.
accomplish /əˈkʌmplɪʃ,əˈkɒmplɪʃ/
“the planes accomplished their mission”
conclude /kənˈkluːd/
When the investigation is concluded, the results will be sent to the US Attorney’s office.
Francis, having concluded his business with James, left for Miami.
کاملا متفاوت بودن خیلی تفاوت داشتن
be worlds apart
our daughter’s school is worlds apart from school as I knew it in the 1960s
تحسین‌برانگیز بودن - بهترین چیز بودن
to be better than everyone else
be the cat’s whiskers
به شدت آزاردهنده بودن
be the limit
Oh, I can’t listen to that fool any longer—his idiotic questions are the limit!
مستقر شدن
be stationed
محبوس شدن (به خاطر بارش شدید برف)
be snowed in
We’ve been snowed in since Monday.
ما از دوشنبه به خاطر بارش شدید برف نتوانستیم از خانه خارج شویم.
وحشت‌زده بودن - به شدت نگران و مضطرب بودن
be scared witless
I’m scared witless that the tests are going to come back positive for leukemia.
be terrified at
Many people are terrified at the thought of the surgeon’s knife.
feel apprehensive (about sth) He felt apprehensive about going home
feel apprehension (at the thought of sth) She felt some apprehension at the thought of seeing him again.
be filled with/be full of apprehension
They were filled with apprehension as they approached the building.
feel uneasy about
Ninety percent of those questioned felt uneasy about nuclear power
I felt distinctly uneasy about lending her so much money.
درست جلوی چشم کسی بودن
be right under one’s nose
پیله کردن گیر دادن
be on one’s back
My sister is always on her daughter’s back to clean up her room.
خواهرم همیشه به دخترش پیله می کند که اتاقش را تمیز کند.
کسی را به جنون رساندن
push/drive sb over the edge informal
She had been driven over the edge by the separation from her husband.
تمایل /گرایش داشتن (به چیزی)
to be inclined to
He couldn’t say which candidate he favored, but he had always been inclined to vote Republican.
او نمی‌توانست بگوید که موافق [حامی] کدام نامزد انتخاباتی بود، اما او همیشه تمایل داشته است که به حزب جمهوری‌خواه رای بدهد.
Have a tendency towards
Human beings have an innate tendency towards having a tranquil life.
انسانها به طور ذاتی به داشتن یک زندگی آرام تمایل دارند.
خواستار خرید/خریدارچیزی بودن
be in the market for
We have been in the market for a new computer for a long time, but still we haven’t bought one.
ما مدت طولانی است که خواستار خرید یک کامپیوتر جدید هستیم اما هنوز نخریده ایم.
در نزدیکی کسی بودن
be in someone’s neck of the woods
.I was in your neck of the woods and thought I’d come by and visit.
در نزدیکی تو بودم و با خودم گفتم بیایم یک سری بهت بزنم.
(با وضعیت بد) مواجه شدن
to be heading for
The country is heading for recession.
این کشور به سوی رکود اقتصادی در حال حرکت است.
They’re heading for disaster if they’re not careful.
آنها با فاجعه مواجه خواهند شد، اگر مواظب نباشند.
آزادی انجام هر کاری را داشتن
be footloose /bi ˈfʊtˌlus/
Now that he is divorced, he is footloose.
الان که طلاق گرفته است، آزادی انجام هر کاری را دارد [هر کاری که دلش بخواهد می‌تواند انجام بدهد].
فعال و پرانرژی بودن
be bouncing off the walls
How much sugar did you give the kids? They’re bouncing off the walls!
اندوختن و ذخیره کردن
to keep large amounts of food, money etc because you think you may not be able to get them in the future
hoard
People have been hoarding food and fuel in case there is another attack.
stash
The late president supposedly stashed millions of dollars in Swiss bank accounts.
squirrel something away
I have squirreled away a lot of money.
من کلی پول جمع کردم.
افسون / طلسم کردن
cast a spell on
زیر خنده زدن
burst into laughter
زیر گریه زدن
burst into tears
to pay for something, especially when it is not your responsibility to pay
pick up the tab :
Taxpayers will pick up the tab for the stadium.
He walked out of the restaurant and left me to pick up the tab for the whole meal.
او از رستوران رفت و من را گذاشت که صورت حساب کل وعده غذایی را بپردازم.
از هیچ چیز مضایقه نکردن
spare no pains
رقیق / آبکی کردن
dilute /daɪˈluːt /
The river can dilute the small amounts of pollutant discharged by the chemical producer.
مبلغ اضافه گرفتن
to surcharge /sˈɜːtʃɑːɹdʒ/
جمع شدن گرد هم آمدن
to come together in a group
to congregate /ˈkɒŋɡrəɡeɪt /
Crowds began to congregate to hear the President’s speech
متفرق شدن، پراکنده کردن
disperse /dɪˈspɜːs $ -ɜːrs/
Police used tear gas to disperse the crowd
The clouds dispersed as quickly as they had gathered
scatter
The sound of gunfire made the crowd scatter in all directions.
to break up
Police used tear gas to break up the crowd.
ثقیل و صعب الفهم بودن
to be too difficult for someone to understand
go over somebody’s head
The explanation went completely over my head.
She seemed to be listening intently but I guess that a lot of what was being said went over her head
موعظه/ سخنرانی مذهبی کردن
Preach
Christ began preaching to large crowds.
از درون عصبانی بودن
to rage inwardly
راه کسی را ادامه دادن
follow in sb’s footsteps
what advice would you give to youngsters to who wanna follow in your footsteps?
کاری را چشم بسته انجام دادن
do something blindfold
ازدواج کردن
tie the knot
So when are you two going to tie the knot?
to get married
فی البداهه کاری کردن
to act according to the demands of a situation rather than to a plan
play sth by ear
We can’t make a decision yet. Let’s just play it by ear.
I don’t know how they’ll react to our proposal, so we’ll just have to play it by ear and hope for the best.
to improvise /ˈɪmprəvaɪz/
I forgot to bring my notes, so I had to improvise.
با کسی درد دل کردن
to tell someone your secret feelings and things that worry you, usually because you feel a strong need to talk about them
pour your heart out to sb
I poured my heart out to him and then he told all his friends what I’d said.
to open up to sb
It took him a long time to really open up to me.
. (برای او) خیلی طول کشید تا واقعاً با من درددل کند.
به جرات/با اطمینان چیزی را گفتن
go so far as to say…
Red meat may be harmful, but I can’t go so far as to say it causes cancer.
قبر خود را کندن
to do something that will cause serious problems for you in the future
dig one’s own grave
if she continues to behave like this to her senior officer, she’ll be digging her own grave.
dig a hole for oneself
He keeps borrowing more money, and I think he’s beginning to dig a hole for himself.
آفتاب گرفتن
soak up the sunshine /soʊk ʌp ðə ˈsʌnˌʃaɪn/
بی خبر بودن و
not have the remotest idea
He hasn’t the remotest interest in sport.
“Who’s that?” “I haven’t the remotest idea.”
دخالت کردن
interfere /ˌɪntəˈfɪə $ -tərˈfɪr/
My daughter-in-law said that I was interfering, but I was only trying to help.
It’s not the church’s job to interfere in politics.
Emotional problems can seriously interfere with a student’s work.
She tried not to interfere in her children’s lives.
You mustn’t interfere with her work.
meddle
I did not want my parents meddling in my private affairs.
He warned diplomats against meddling in Indonesia’s affairs
poke one’s nose in someone’s business
He came over to poke his nose in my business.
او آمد اینجا که در کار من دخالت کند.
پشت در ماندن (به دلیل قفل شدن در یا به همراه نداشتن کلید)
to get locked out
.I got locked out of my apartment last night.
دیشب پشت در آپارتمانم ماندم.
روی کسی دست بلند کردن
to harm someone:
lay a hand on sb
I never laid a hand on her
به چیزی دسترسی داشتن
To acquire something, usually a physical object.
get (one’s) hands on (something)
.If I can get my hands on a barbecue, I will grill some chicken.
اگر منقل دم دست داشته باشم، کمی جوجه کباب خواهم کرد.
Just wait until I get my hands on Tom. I could kill him.
فقط صبر کن تا من دستم به “تام” برسد. می توانم بکشمش.
به خال/هدف زدن
hit the bull’s eye
Your idea really hit the bull’s eye. Thank you!
ایده تو واقعا زد تو خال. ممنونم!
مچ کسی را گرفتن - سر بزنگاه کسی را دستگیر کردن
to find someone and interrupt them when they are doing something wrong
catch someone red-handed
Robert was caught red-handed while he was trying to cash the forged check at the bank.
مچ “رابرت” گرفته شد زمانی که می خواست چک تقلبی را در بانک نقد کند.
The woman was caught red-handed at the store trying to steal some cosmetics.
آن زن، سر بزنگاه، زمانی که داشت از مغازه، لوازم آرایشی می دزدید، دستگیر شد.
catch someone in the act (of doing something)
He denies all guilt, even though he was caught in the act.
to catch out
I suspected he wasn’t telling me the truth, and one day I caught him out when I found some letters he’d written.
حقوق کسی را پایمال کردن
stop sb doing something they have a right to do
violate sb’s rights
Imprisoning the men without trial violated their rights.
حق کسی را نادیده گرفتن
not allow someone to do something they have the right to do
deny somebody a right
Women were denied the right to vote
از حق خود استفاده کردن
do what you have a right to do
exercise a right (formal )
The insurance company decided not to exercise its right of appeal
حق را مطالبه کردن
demand a right
We demand the same rights that other European workers enjoy.
از حق (کسی) دفاع کردن
take action to stop a right being taken away
defend a right
We should defend our right to demonstrate
uphold sb’s rights
I will uphold the rights of the people of this country
حرف کسی را باور کردن
take someone’s word for it
If she says she’s sick, you have to take her word for it.
از پس چیزی امدن، به دنبال چیزی امدن
to happen after or as a result of something
Synonym : follow
ensue (from) /ɪnˈsjuː $ ɪnˈsuː/
I objected to what he had just said and a heated argument then ensued.
problems ensued from food and medical shortages
Look before you leap. The consequences ensuing from your decision are dire.
بی گدار به آب نزن. عواقبی که در ادامه‌ی تصمیم شما اتفاق می‌افته جدی هستند.
Have you thought about the chaos ensuing from this decision?
آیا به هرج و مرجی که در پی این تصمیم رخ خواهد داد فکر کرده‌اید؟
بدتر شدن وخیم شدن
to become worse, or to become something bad
to deteriorate /dɪˈtɪriəˌreɪt/
The situation deteriorated over the ensuing weeks.
Air quality is rapidly deteriorating in our cities.
Living conditions here have deteriorated in the past few years.
degenerate :
Relations between the two countries have degenerated.
The debate degenerated into an argument between the two sides.
escalate :
Further violence could escalate into a full-scale armed conflict.
The political crisis escalated.
go downhill :
During the recession the business began to go downhill.
Her health went downhill rapidly after Christmas.
غافلگیر کردن
catch somebody off guard
The sudden snow storm caught us all off guard
چیزی را بیش از حد مهم جلوه دادن - چیزی را گنده کردن
make a big deal of/out of/about something
I know I’m probably making a big deal out of nothing, but I’m worried about you.
to make a big thing of something
I want a party, but I don’t want to make a big thing of it.
ارتباط تنگاتنگی با هم داشتن
go hand in hand
creativity and psychosis often go hand in hand
با خاک یکسان کردن محو کردن، به‌طور کامل نابود کردن
to wipe out
The bombs wiped out the whole town.
بمب‌ها تمام شهر را با خاک یکسان کردند.
چیزی را به کسی قالب کردن/انداختن
to persuade someone to buy or accept something that you want to get rid of, especially something of low quality
pawn something off on sb
Don’t let him pawn off an old bike on you – get a new one.
to present something in a dishonest way
pawn sb/sth off as sth
The tabloids often pawn off gossip and trivia as real news.
استخوان گلوی کسی بودن
to be bone in the throat of sb
نگاه گذرا انداختن - چشم کسی به چیزی افتادن
catch a glimpse /kæʧ ə glɪmps/
He caught a glimpse of her in the crowd.
او در جمعیت چشمش به آن زن افتاد.
بدون اجازه کاری را انجام دادن
to do something that will have an effect on someone else, without asking their permission
take the liberty of doing sth :
I took the liberty of booking theater seats for us.
من بدون اجازه برای همگی بلیت تئاتر رزرو کردم.
تخم گذاری کردن
to lay eggs
کسی را خِفت کردن (در تنگنای/ معذوریت انجام کاری قراردادن)
force someone into a situation in which they must make a difficult decision or answer a difficult question
put (someone) on the spot
Mira rather put the boss on the spot by asking him when he was going to give us a pay-rise.
She asked if I would vote for her, which really put me on the spot because I had decided not to.
کسی را به غلط کردم انداختن
to hand sb their ass
to want someone to be completely defeated
want/be after someone’s scalp :
The board members were after the chairman’s scalp.
to become less severe or harmful
to let up
The wind had dropped and the rain gradually let up.
Even when the crowd had scattered, the police didn’t let up
به زور کشیدن
haul
She hauled her backpack onto her back
Patrick hauled himself painfully up the stairs
He is confident that the club can haul themselves further up the league
پا به فرار گذاشتن
to suddenly start running in order to escape from somewhere
make a run for it :
One of the prisoners tried to make a run for it.
کسی را تبرئه/مبرا کردن از چیزی
exonerate sb from/of sth /ɪɡˈzɒnəreɪt $ ɪɡˈzɑː-/
He was totally exonerated of any blame.
absolve sb from/of sth /əbˈzɒlv $ -ɑːlv/
He cannot be absolved of all responsibility for the accident.
acquit sb of sth /əˈkwɪt/
The judge directed the jury to acquit Phillips of the murder.
exculpate sb for sth /ˈekskʌlpeɪt/
The grand jury exculpated local authorities for their handling of the riots.
The pilot of the aircraft will surely be exculpated when all the facts are known
vindicate /ˈvɪndəkeɪt, ˈvɪndɪkeɪt/
The charges are false, and we are sure we will be vindicated in court.
بیرون زدن (از سطحی)
to protrude /pɹətɹˈuːd/
The largest stone can be seen protruding above the level of the river.
از دست چیزی خلاص شدن و آن را کنار گذاشتن
to get rid of something that you no longer need or want
push out:
I felt I was being pushed out of the job.
shed :
The company is planning to shed about a quarter of its workforce.
The magazine is desperately trying to shed its old-fashioned image.
a diet to help you shed pounds
Shed your doubts. شک و تردید رو کنار بذار.
Shed inhibitions. شرم و حیا رو بذار کنار.
You must shed some weight.
باید کمی وزن کم کنی.
You can’t succeed as long as you don’t shed self-doubt.
تا وقتی که شک و تردید به خودت رو کنار نذاری نمی‌تونی موفق شی.
dispense with something
They’ve had to dispense with a lot of luxuries since Mike lost his job.
We dispensed with our second car and have saved a lot of money
Let’s dispense with the formalities (=speak openly and directly), shall we?
تنه زدن هل دادن
shove /ʃʌv/
Just wait your turn - there’s no need to shove.
فقط صبر کنید تا نوبت‌تان شود - هیچ نیازی به هل دادن نیست.
He shoved her towards the car.
Everyone was pushing and shoving to see the prince
thrust (با زور زیاد) (past tense and past participle: thrust)
He thrust me roughly towards the door.
مردن کشته شدن
bite the dust
We almost bit the dust skiing down that slope!
نزدیک بود هنگام اسکی کردن در آن سرازیری بمیریم.
زمین گیر/فلج کردن
cripple
یقین داشتن
to know for sure
know sth for a fact
don’t know it for a fact. I’m just saying,it sure looked that way to me
کسی را تعلیم دادن برای انجام کاری
to train someone to do a job
break sb in
She’s quite new to the job, so we’re still breaking her in
هوای کسی را داشتن و پشتش بودن
to be ready to protect or defend someone
have (got) sb’s back :
Don’t worry. I’ve got your back.
چهارچشمی کسی را پائیدن
to have eyes on sb
سبقت گرفتن و جلو زدن
عبور کردن، رد شدن، پشت سر گذاشتن
pull ahead:
Schumacher pulled ahead of Montoya as the two drivers approached the first corner of the race.
move ahead
get past
Ugh, this guy is walking so slowly—let’s try to get past him.
Make sure you get past this truck soon, or we’ll be stuck behind it the whole way home.
به کسی/چیزی نزدیک شدن
to approach sb/sth
As you approach the town, you’ll see the college on the left.
وقتی که داری به شهر نزدیک می‌شوی، آن دانشکده را در سمت چپ خواهی دید.
Her boyfriend kissed Sylvia when he approached her.
دوست پسر “سیلویا” وقتی به او نزدیک شد، او را بوسید.
Profits approaching 30 million dollars.
سود دارد به 30 میلیون دلار نزدیک می‌شود.
With winter approaching, many animals are storing food.
درخواست /تقاضا کردن
to approach sb for sth/about (doing) sth
She approached the bank for a loan.
او برای وام به بانک درخواست داد.
The charity approached several stores about giving food aid
to make an approach
The club has made an approach to a local company for sponsorship
put in a request
to bid for something
A Canadian company is bidding for the contract.
یک شرکت کانادایی درخواست انجام این قرارداد را دارد. [یک شرکت کانادایی دارد برای این قرارداد درخواست داده است.]
to appeal (to sb) for sth/to do sth
they appealed to the crowd not to panic
She appealed for an end to press speculation about her marriage
launch/make an appeal
We have launched a public appeal to raise £120,000.
ما درخواستی عمومی برای جمع‌آوری 120 هزار پوند داده‌ایم.
They made a direct appeal to the government for funding
رویکرد درست/غلطی را پیش گرفتن/اتخاذ کردن
to take/adopt the right/wrong approach
She took the wrong approach in her dealings with them.
او در معاملاتش با آنها رویکرد غلطی را پیش گرفت.
ضبط / توقیف/مصادره کردن
confiscate /ˈkɒn.fɪ.skeɪt/
His passport was confiscated by the police to prevent him from leaving the country.
impound /ɪmˈpaʊnd/ :
The police impounded cars and other personal property belonging to the drug dealers.
The vehicle was impounded by customs.
to expropriate /eksˈproʊprieɪt/
Their assets were expropriated by the government.
دارایی‌های آنها توسط دولت مصادره شد.
Those measures expropriated the landlords.
آن اقدامات از صاحبخانه‌ها سلب مالکیت کرد.
زود قضاوت کردن
to make a decision about something too quickly without knowing all the facts
jump/leap to the conclusion/judgment
He saw the two of them together and jumped to the wrong conclusion.
مطرح کردن - (به موضوعی) اشاره کردن، پیش کشیدن
to bring up
There are several points I’d like to bring up at tomorrow’s meeting.
. چندین نکته وجود دارد که می‌خواهم در جلسه فردا مطرح کنم.
mention
زودرنج بودن
to be very sensitive to criticism or insults
have a thin skin
If you have a thin skin, you’ll never survive in politics.
جوانه زدن، سبز شدن
sprout /spraʊt/
Jim seemed to have sprouted a beard
Move the pots outside when the seeds begin to sprout
هم‌دردی کردن - دل کسی برای کسی سوختن
to experience sympathy and sadness for someone because they are suffering
feel for sb :
I know what it’s like to be lonely, so I do feel for her
I really felt for her when her husband died
commiserate /kəˈmɪzəreɪt/
When he failed his driving test, I called him up and commiserated with him.
to sympathize /ˈsɪmpəθaɪz/
I can sympathize with those who have lost loved ones.
اصلاح/ترمیم کردن
to correct or make small changes to something that is written or spoken
amend /əˈmɛnd/:
The law was amended to include women.
The defendant[متهم] later amended his evidence.
Rather than amend the club’s constitution again, let us discard it and start afresh.
به جای اصلاح دوباره قانون باشگاه، بیایید که آن را کنار گذاشته و از نو شروع کنیم
They have amended a clause in the contract which says the company can make people redundant for economic reasons.
رک حرف زدن
to say frankly what one means or thinks
speak one’s mind
he is a tough politician who speaks his mind in a blunt way
Can I just speak my mind, even though you probably won’t like what I have to say?
دستور دادن (با بی‌ادبی) - امرونهی کردن
to tell someone what to do in an impolite or threatening way
to push around
You shouldn’t let him push you around like that.
تو نباید به او اجازه دهی اینطوری با بی‌ادبی به تو دستور بدهد.
توهین کردن، دشنام دادن
affront /əˈfrʌnt/
His attitude really affronted her.
shout/throw/hurl insults at somebody
She was shouting insults at her boyfriend
one of the worst insults you can throw at somebody
They were hurling insults at the police .
to insult sb /ˈɪn.sʌlt/
She insulted my brother by saying he was idiot
I felt deeply insulted that she hadn’t asked me to the meeting.
He was dismissed for publicly insulting prominent politicians.
to hurl abuse /əˈbjus/ at sb
با وقار رفتار کردن
To behave with dignity
ارزش بخشیدن
to cause something to be valued and respected when that is not deserved
dignify /ˈdɪg.nɪ.faɪ/:
I’m not even going to dignify that stupid question with an answer
گریزی زدن (به موضوعی خارج از بحث اصلی) از موضوع اصلی پرت شدن
to digress /daɪˈɡres/
During the lecture, Miller often digressed to give the history behind each theory.
تغییر مسیر دادن - منحرف کردن
to divert /daɪˈvɜrt/
flight was diverted to another airport because of the bad weather.
پرواز ما به موجب هوای نامساعد به فرودگاه دیگری معطوف شد.
The police diverted the traffic because there was a demonstration.
پلیس اتومبیل‌ها را تغییر مسیر داد، چون تظاهرات در جریان بود.
تنوع بخشیدن
diversify /daɪˈvɜːsəfaɪ /
Farmers are being encouraged to diversify into new crops.
کشاورزها تشویق می‌شوند که به محصولاتشان تنوع ببخشند.
منصوب کردن، گماشتن
appoint /əˈpɔɪnt/
He’s been appointed to the State Supreme Court.
A committee was appointed to consider the plans.
O’Connell was appointed as chairman.
اصلاح کردن ، ترمیم کردن
to correct or make small changes to something that is written or spoken
amend
Until the constitution is amended, the power to appoint ministers will remain with the president
امرار معاش كردن - پول درآوردن
make a living
They had the ridiculous notion that they could make a living from singing.
If you want to make a good living, it is necessary to get a good education.
اگر می‌خواهی امرار معاش کنی، لازم است تحصیلات خوبی داشته باشی.
ضرر کردن
make a loss
My company made a loss last year.
شرکت من پارسال ضرر کرد.
بو بردن ، با خبر شدن
Get wind of
The police will get wind of your drug-dealing!
پلیس از مواد فروشیت ، بو خواهد برد!
If we act secretly , no one’s gonna get wind of this!
اگه ما مخفیانه عمل کنیم ، هیچکس ازش خبر دار نمیشه!
چیزی رو به دل گرفتن
Take sth to heart ❇️ I took what you said to heart! 💠 چیزی که گفتی رو به دل گرفتم! ❇️ Don't take it to heart! I didn't mean it! 💠 به دل نگیرش! منظوری نداشتم!
take umbrage (at something) /ˈʌmbrɪdʒ/
She took great umbrage when she found out she had not been invited.
بهش خیلی برخورد وقتی فهمید دعوت نشده.
take exception /teɪk ɪkˈsɛpʃən/
I take great exception to the fact that you told my wife before you told me.
من خیلی از اینکه تو قبل از اینکه به من بگویی به زنم گفتی ناراحت شدم.
بر باد رفتن ، هیچ و پوچ شدن
Go up in smoke
I did my best but it all went up in smoke
من تمام تلاشم رو کردم ولی همه چی به باد رفت
I killed myself to get the job , but my effort went up in smoke
خودمو کشتم تا کار رو بگیرم ، اما تلاشم هیچ و پوچ شد (به جایی نرسید)
کسی رو دنبال نخود سیاه فرستادن
Send sb on a goose chase
❇️ The parents sent their kids on a wild goose chase!
💠 والدین‌بچه هاشونو دنبال نخود سیاه فرستادن!
❇️ I’m helping you and not send you on a wild goose chase!
💠 من دارم کمکت میکنم و سر نمیدَوونمت!
تو ذات کسی نبودن ، برخلاف منش و عرف کسی بودن
inconsistent with normal behavior
زمانی از این اصطلاح استفاده میکنیم که بخواهیم بگیم فلان رفتار از کسی بعید هست و توی ذاتش نیست چون معمولا انجامش نمی‌ده!!!
Out of character (for sb)
❇️ - Saving money is out of character for me!
💠 - پول پس انداز کردن تو ذات من نیس!
❇️ It was out of character for him to be kind!
💠 - غیر عادی بود ازش که مهربون برخورد کنه!
به خواب رفتن
to begin sleeping, especially not intentionally
nod off
After our busy day we both sat and nodded off in front of the TV.
I missed the movie because I kept nodding off.
از شر…خلاص شدن
to do or finish an unpleasant but necessary piece of work or duty so that you do not have to worry about it in the future
get sth over with
I just want to get them over with
متلک انداختن به کسی(به جنس مخالف)
To catcall at someone
با نمره ناپلئونی پاس کردن
Scrape through an exam
چشم و هم چشمی کردن
Keep up with the Joneses
They try to keep up with the Joneses by buying cars and clothes that they cannot afford.
خرحمالی کردن
take on the brunt of the donkey-work
I take on the brunt of the donkey-work but you reap all the economic benefit! Fat chance!!!
خرحمالی شو من بکنم اما تمام سودشو تو به جیب بزنی! آره جون عمه ت
fetch and carry
Am I supposed to fetch and carry for him all day?
به هر دری زدن
to leave no stone unturned
آنها به هر دری زدند تا هوادار جمع کنند.
They left no stone unturned to garner adherents.
قدم پیش گذاشتن
get involved in a difficult situation because you think you can or should help with it.
step in
There are circumstances in which the State must step in to protect children
به ته خط رسیدن
to be very upset and not know what to do, because you have tried everything possible to solve a problem
be at your wits’ end
خود را جمع و جور کردن و به خود آمدن
to make yourself think about what you are going to do next after you have been surprised by something
gather/collect/recover one’s wits
I felt helpless, but tried to gather my wits.
بر خود حرام کردن
abnegate [‘abnɪgeɪt]
The minister abnegated the luxuries of life
He abnegated oneself the pleasures of life
برباد دادن ، تلف کردن
squander sth on sth /ˈskwɒndə $ ˈskwɑːndər/
They squandered the profits on expensive cars.
سر و ته قضیه را هم آوردن
dissolves sth with a bon mot
Whenever a tense situation arises he dissolves it with a bon mot
هر وقت وضعیت متشنج میشه با یه لطیفه سر و ته قضیه و هم میاره.
کولی بازی در آوردن سر چیزی
to get upset and complain very loudly
raise a ruckus over
He raised a ruckus over the cost of the repairs
سر هزینه تعمیرات یَک کولی بازی در آورد.
آشوب به پا کردن
kick up a rumpus
Fans kicked up a rumpus when the concert was cancelled.
وقتی که کنسرت کنسل شد هواداران آشوب به پا کردن.
حق مطلب را برای کسی/چیزی ادا کردن
to be accurate or fair by representing someone or something as that person or thing truly is
do justice to someone/something:
Just calling the movie “fun” doesn’t do it justice (= it is better than just “fun”).
This is the only picture I have that does full justice to her beauty (= shows her to be as beautiful as she is).
I think you two will love this house once we get inside—the pictures really don’t do justice to its mid-century modern charm.
Scores can never do justice to our capabilities.
نمرات هرگز توانایی های ما را نشان نمی دهند.
حرف چیزی را پیش کشیدن
to mention a subject that may be embarrassing or unpleasant or cause an argument
broach the subject
He perpetually tried to broach the subject of my past
همش سعی کرد حرف گذشته منو پیش بکشه.
گریختن ، فرار کردن
flee
He spent six months in prison before fleeing the country
He fled the country amid accusations of fraud
شوخی کردن، مزاح گفتن
jest /dʒest/
Would I jest about something so important?
Do I look as if I am jesting?
با غل‌وزنجیر بستن
shackle /ˈʃækəl/
The prisoner was shackled to a chair in the center of the room.
He was blindfolded and shackled to a radiator
fetter
The dog was fettered to the parking meter.
آن سگ به پارکومتر غل و زنجیر شده بود.
وسط حرف کسی پارازیت انداختن
to deliberately interrupt a speaker or performer by shouting, especially to show that you do not agree with what they are saying
heckle :
he was booed and heckled when he tried to address the demonstrators
The speaker was heckled by a group of protesters.
زیر لب سخن گفتن
mumble /ˈmʌmbəl/
I couldn’t understand what he was mumbling about.
George mumbled incoherently to himself.
تمکین کردن به چیزی
to accept and obey a decision, rule, agreement etc, even though you may not agree with it:
abide by something /əˈbaɪd/
You have to abide by the referee’s decision
تاب اوردن و تحمل کردن
to be patient or continue to do something difficult or unpleasant
abide /əˈbaɪd/
How can you abide the company of such a fool?
چطور می تونی چنین ابله‌ای رو کنارت خودت تحمل کنی؟
bear with :
It’s boring, but please bear with it.
to bear /ber/ [گذشته: bore] [گذشته کامل: borne]
The strain must have been enormous but she bore it well.
فشار می‌بایست خیلی طاقت‌فرسا بوده باشد، اما او به‌خوبی آن را تحمل کرد.
She couldn’t bear the thought of losing him.
او نمی‌توانست (حتی) فکر از دست دادن او را تحمل کند.
He can’t bear being laughed at.
او نمی‌تواند مورد تمسخر قرار گرفتن را تحمل کند.
I can’t bear having cats in the house.
من نمی‌توانم داشتن گربه در خانه را تحمل کنم.
He can’t bear to be laughed at.
او نمی‌تواند مورد تمسخر قرار گرفتن را تحمل کند.
How can you bear to eat that stuff?
چطور می‌توانی خوردن آن چیز را تحمل کنی؟
I can’t bear you doing that.
نمی‌توانم تحمل کنم که آن کار را بکنی.
to put up with sb/sth
She put up with his violent temper
He’s so rude - I don’t know how she puts up with him.
او خیلی پررو است؛ من نمی‌دانم او چگونه آن پسر را تحمل می‌کند.
I cannot put up with the house being untidy.
من نمی‌توانم تحمل کنم خانه کثیف و نامرتب باشد.
to stand somebody/something
His heart won’t stand the strain much longer.
قلب او فشار را دیگر تحمل نخواهد کرد
She couldn’t stand being kept waiting.
او نمی‌توانست منتظر نگه داشته شدن را تحمل کند.
How do you stand him being here constantly?
چطور پیوسته بودن او در اینجا را تحمل کنی؟
tolerate /ˈtɒləreɪt $ ˈtɑː-/
I will not tolerate that kind of behavior in my class.
من چنین رفتاری را در کلاسم تحمل نخواهم کرد.
The soldiers have to tolerate difficult desert conditions.
سربازها باید شرایط سخت بیابان را تحمل کنند
We simply will not tolerate vigilante groups on our streets
endure I can no longer endure your taunts. دیگه تحمل متلک‌هاتو ندارم. We have to endure a lot of taunts from relatives. باید کلی متلک از فامیل‌ها تحمل کنیم.
sustain
چشم پوشی کردن نادیده گرفتن
condone /kənˈdəʊn $ -ˈdoʊn/
I cannot condone the use of violence under any circumstances
overlook /ˌəʊvəˈlʊk $ ˌoʊvər-/
She found him entertaining enough to overlook his faults.
No one can overlook the unpardonable act of infidelity
هیچ کسی نمی تواند عمل غیرقابل بخشش خیانت را نادیده بگیرد.
turn a blind eye to sth
the teacher turned a blind eye to some of the children’s bad behaviour
هم نشین شدن و معاشرت کردن با کسی
consort with sb /kənˈsɔːt $ -ɔːrt/
I have taught my son not to consort with unsavory people
من به پسرم یاد داده ام که با افراد ناباب معاشرت نکند
از کسی کینه به دل داشتن
to hold/bear grudge against sb
در رفتن - جیم شدن
To leave a place very quickly and often discreetly
take a powder
whenever he sees there is work to be done he takes a powder
to sneak out of somewhere
She sneaked out if the house once her parents were asleep
make oneself scarce
It is time to make myself scarce.
پی بردن
realize a fact for the firs time
to dawn on sth
آخرش فهمیدم که داشتم وقتمو تو دانشگاه هدر می دادم.
It finally dawned on me that I had been squandering
پابرجا بودن - به قوت خود باقی ماندن
to remain in effect
Unemployment will remain in effect as long as universities continue to churn out graduates.
تا وقتی که دانشگاه ها زرت زرت فارغ التحصیل بدن بیرون بیکاری به قوت خود باقی خواهد ماند.
ناجور/ مغایر بودن
jar (with sth)
Your shoes jar with your suit.
کفشهات به کت شلوارت نمیاد.
کسی را تهییج کردن و به صرافت انداختن
stimulate /ˈstɪmjəleɪt, ˈstɪmjʊleɪt/
the President’s plan to stimulate economic growth
to electrify
She has this incredible ability to electrify her audience
whet someone’s appetite
Read 10 pages of this novel, It will whet your appetite for more
ده صفحه از این رمان رو بخون، تشنه اش می شی که بیشتر بخونی.
ضربه زدن و باعث لقی شدن
to shake or hit something in a way that damages it or makes it loose:
jar /dʒɑː $ dʒɑːr/
The earthquake jarred the tiles of the kitchen loose.
زلزله کاشی های آشپزخانه رو لق کرد.
به کسی بر خوردن و ناراحت شدن
to feel offended because of something someone says or does
take offence (at something) :/əˈfens/
I think he took offence at my lack of enthusiasm.
Do you think he took offense at what I said about his hair?
فکر می‌کنی از چیزی که درباره موهایش گفتم دلخور شد؟
He takes offence at the slightest joke against him
Take umbrage (at) /ˈʌmbrɪdʒ/
I took umbrage just because of the fact that I was assumed gullible.
بهم برخورد فقط به خاطر اینکه هالو فرض شدم.
چیزی را برملا ساختن و لو دادن
betray sth
The slightest sound might betray his presence.
The crumpled sheets betrayed the fact that someone had been sleeping there
disclose
I cannot disclose what we discussed.
من نمی‌توانم چیزی که درباره‌اش بحث کردیم را فاش کنم.
The report discloses that human error was to blame for the accident.
گزارش آشکار کرد که خطای انسانی مقصر وقوع حادثه بود.
افشا /آشکار شدن
come to light
New evidence have come to light.
مدارک جدیدی افشا شده است.
transpire /trænˈspaɪəʳ /
As it later transpired, she had known him at school.
be made/become manifest
Their devotion to God is made manifest in ritual prayer
lay bare /leɪ beər/
The report lays bare the shocking housing conditions in this city.
emerge
It emerged that she had lied to her employers.
معلوم شد که او به کارفرماهایش دروغ گفته بود.
Eventually the truth emerged.
در نهایت، حقیقت آشکار شد.
The answer to the problem quickly emerged
It subsequently emerged that he had known about the deal all along.
What eventually emerged from the election disaster was a realization that it was time for change.
Problems with this drug are now beginning to emerge.
Several facts started to emerge from my investigation
افشاء / آشکار / پرده‌برداری کردن - پرده برداشتن
divulge /daɪˈvʌldʒ, də-/
It is not company policy to divulge personal details of employees
crack something(wide) open
That company’s stock price plummeted after the media cracked open the CEO’s embezzlement(اختلاس) scandal.
The police cracked the drug ring wide open. The newspaper story cracked the trouble at city hall wide open.
to unveil /ˌʌnˈveɪl/
The monument was unveiled with great solemnity
The memorial to those who had died in the war was unveiled by the Queen.
از بنای یادبود افرادی که در جنگ کشته شده بودند توسط ملکه پرده‌برداری شد.
پنداشتن ، فرض کردن ، خیال کردن
deem
They deemed that he was no longer capable of managing the business.
They were told to take whatever action they deemed necessary.
They were deemed to be illegal immigrants.
be deemed to do something
presume
Each of you will make a speech, I presume?
‘Are his parents still alive?’ ‘I presume so.’
I presume we’ll be there by six o’clock.
From the way he talked, I presumed him to be your boss.
The temple is presumed to date from the first century BC.
We must presume innocence until we have evidence of guilt
I presume that someone will be there to meet us when we arrive.
assume /əˈsum/
Assuming no undue delays this means that telematics may be adopted in the next few weeks.
It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.
معمولا پنداشته می‌شود که استرس توسط کار بسیار زیاد ایجاد می‌شود.
I had assumed him to be a Belgian
با خود عهد بستن
make a pact with oneself
everyday I make a pact with myself to plug away at my studies since the next day
هرروز با خودم عهد می بندم که از فردا سخت به درس هایم بچسبم
محو چیزی شدن و به آن زل زدن
be riveted on/to/by something
All eyes were riveted on her in horror
اطاعت /پیروی / اجابت کردن
to do what you have to do or are asked to do
comply with /kəmˈplaɪ/
The newspaper was asked by federal agents for assistance and agreed to comply
They have failed to comply with the resolution
conform to/with
The toys fail to conform to current safety standards.
This equipment conforms fully with the latest safety regulations
Students can be expelled for refusing to conform to school rules.
Young people sometimes want to rebel and therefore they refuse to conform.
Society typically brings pressure on individuals and groups to conform to civilised norms.
All new buildings must conform with the regional development plan.
products which conform to international safety standards
تفتیش وجستجوکردن (خصوصا برای اسلحه و اموال دزدی)
to search someone for hidden weapons, drugs etc by feeling their body with your hands
to frisk
We were frisked at the airport
خود را پیش کسی عزیز کردن
endear oneself to somebody /ɪnˈdɪə $ ɪnˈdɪr/
The emperor saw an opportunity to endear himself to the Athenians.
به منزله‌ی چیزی بودن
Be tantamount to (doing sth )
Refusing to criticize an action is not tantamount to giving it your seal of approval.
انتقاد نکردن از کاری به منزله‌ی مهر تایید زدن به آن نیست.
amount to sth
The court’s decision amounts to a not guilty verdict.
Ultimately, their ideas amount to the same thing.
برخلاف اصول کسی بودن
Go against someone’s principles
I never asked you to do something that goes against your principles.
من هرگز از تو نخواستم کاری رو انجام بدی که برخلاف اصولت باشه.
به فراموشی سپردن
Consign to oblivion
Some words can never be consigned to oblivion.
بعضی حرف‌ها را هرگز نمی‌توان به فراموشی سپرد.
These days will not be consigned to oblivion
این روزها به فراموشی سپرده نخواهد شد.
Posterity will not consign his sacrifices to oblivion.
آیندگان فداکار‌های او را فراموش نخواهند کرد.
You have given us a lot of unfulfilled promises thinking that we will consign them to oblivion.
شما به ما وعده های محقق نشده زیادی داده اید که فکر می کنید آنها را به فراموشی می سپاریم.
فراموش شدن
Pass into oblivion
Kindness passes into oblivion very quickly.
محبت خیلی زود فراموش میشه.
سزاوار بودن
Deserve /dɪˈzɜːrv/
Some people deserve to be consigned to oblivion.
بعضی‌ها سزاوار این هستند که به فراموشی سپرده شوند.
حواس (کسی را) پرت کردن
to distract attention from /dɪˈstrækt/
Coverage of the war was used to distract attention from other matters.
از پوشش جنگ برای جلب توجه دیگران از سایر موارد استفاده شد.
عوضی گرفتن چیزی با چیز دیگری
to confuse sth with sth
I’m confusing it with another ad I was looking at
mistake sb/sth for sb/sth :
I often mistake her for her mother on the phone
take (someone) for (someone or something)
The man took the boy for a robber and called the police.
do you really take me for an idiot?
منو احمق فرض کردی؟
عملکرد ضعیفی داشتن
to underperform
My favorite football team is underperforming badly this year
تحسین کردن و محترم شمردن
to view someone with respect and admiration
To look up to sb Everyone in the class looked up to the teacher.
کوچک شمردن
To regard oneself as superior to someone or something and thus act in a haughty or snobbish manner.
To look down on sb
The well-dressed businessman looked down on the kid wearing a T-shirt in the elevator, not knowing that he was the new CEO.
I have no idea why some people look down on those who speak with an accent—that means they know at least two languages!
واگذاردن، تفویض کردن، محول کردن
devolve /dɪˈvɒlv $ dɪˈvɑːlv/
The federal government has devolved responsibility for welfare to the states
Half of the cost of the study will devolve upon the firm
To be a good manager, you must know how to devolve responsibility downwards
delegate /ˈdeləɡeɪt, ˈdelɪɡeɪt/
she must learn to delegate routine tasks to others
hand over
He handed over his responsibility for the firm last year.
او مسئولیتش در شرکت را سال گذشته محول کرد.
She resigned and handed over to one of her younger colleagues.
او استعفا داد و به یکی از همکاران جوان‌ترش واگذار کرد
shift sth onto sb
Government shifted legal responsibility for the correct labeling of goods onto the shopkeeper
کناره گیری کردن، استعفا دادن
abdicate /ˈæbdɪkeɪt/
King Alfonso XIII abdicated in favour of his eldest son.
The king was forced to abdicate the throne.
to step aside
He was forced to step aside from his post.
او مجبور شد از شغلش استعفا دهد.
resign
She resigned from the government last week.
He resigned as Governor of Punjab in August.
Tom has since resigned his membership of the golf club.
He was forced to resign due to ill health.
Three members of the committee resigned over the issue
hand in your notice/resignation (کتبی):
You have to hand in your notice at least four weeks before you leave.
بس بودن ، کفایت کردن ، کافی بودن
suffice /səˈfaɪs/
A few brief observations will suffice for present purposes
Two examples will suffice to illustrate this.
A doctor’s certificate will suffice as a form of permission.
چیزی را به چیزی/کسی مربوط کردن [منتسب دانستن]
to attribute sth to sth/sb
He attributed responsibility for the killing to the secret service.
She attributes her success to hard work and a little luck.
او موفقیتش را به سخت تلاش کردن و کمی شانس مربوط می‌کند.
We attribute the success of our company to the professionalism of our staff.
ما موفقیت شرکت مان را از کار کشتگی کارمندان می دانیم.
کسی را از گناه مبری کردن، تبرئه کردن
to absolve sb from/of sth /əbˈzɒlv $ -ɑːlv/
He cannot be absolved of all responsibility for the accident.
The report absolved her from/of all blame for the accident
الگو بودن برای کسی
to behave in a way that someone can copy, especially by doing something good
set an example (for someone)
You should set an example for your younger brothers
احتیاط به خرج دادن - جانب احتیاط را رعایت کردن
lean towards circumspection./ˌsɜː.kəmˈspek.ʃən/
He usually leans towards circumspection.
be treated with circumspection /ˌsɜː.kəmˈspek.ʃən/
Anything the sales agent tells you should be treated with the utmost circumspection
show circumspection on sth /ˌsɜː.kəmˈspek.ʃən/
The court showed great restraint[خویشتن‌داری ] and circumspection on extraordinarily sensitive issues.
خویشتن داری نشان دادن
show/exercise restraint
He urged the millions of protesters to exercise restraint.
بیانیه صادر کردن
to make/issue a statement
The candidate made a statement to the press.
کاندیدا بیانیه‌ای را به مطبوعات مطرح کرد.
قطع رابطه /ارتباط کردن با کسی
to end a personal or professional relationship with someone, often abruptly.
cut (someone or something) loose
A: “Wait, they fired you?”
B: “Yes! They just cut me loose with no explanation!”
If he keeps calling me at all hours of the night, I’m going to have to cut him loose, I mean it!
sever
The two countries severed diplomatic relations.
She had severed all contact with her ex-husband.
The US severed diplomatic relations with Cuba in 1961.
The company has severed its connection/links/relationship/ties with its previous partners.
حال کسی را خراب کردن
to make someone feel extremely shocked and sad:
devastate /ˈdevəsteɪt/
Rob was devastated by the news of her death
ویران/ خراب کردن
to damage something very badly or completely
devastate /ˈdevəsteɪt/ :
The city center was devastated by the bomb.
پنهان / مخفی کردن
conceal /kənˈsiːl/
The path was concealed by long grass
She tried to conceal the fact that she was pregnant.
She was taking drugs and trying to conceal it from me
بیش از حد انجام دادن، بحد افراط رساندن
to do something more than is suitable or natural
overdo :
Analysts believe that worries about the economy are overdone.
Use a few drawings and photographs, but don’t overdo it.
go overboard
شدت بخشیدن به چیزی/کاری
to significantly increase or strengthen effort, investment, or resolve toward some goal, strategy, or action so as to maximize the potential yield as a result.
to double down sth
The president made clear that he intends to double down the government’s involvement in the war overseas.
With the market booming, many companies are doubling down their development in mobile apps and games.
نتیجه کاررا دیدن
to receive the good or bad results of past actions.
reap /riːp/
Those who do take risks often reap the rewards.
She is now reaping the rewards of all her hard work.
Homelessness is rising. We are reaping the harvest of a lack of investment in housing and social services
کاشتن (بذر)
sow /səʊ $ soʊ/
Sow the seeds in late March
از چیزی درس گرفتن
to get a lesson in sth
you’re about to get a lesson in reaping what you sow
کسی را به شک انداختن
to sow doubt
they attempted to sow doubt among the jury members
درو کردن، برداشت کردن محصول
harvest /ˈhɑː.vɪst/ US /ˈhɑːr-/
In the US, winter wheat is harvested in the early summer.
تمایل نداشتن
to be completely unwilling or to refuse
to be not having any of it:
I asked him to help out, but he wasn’t having any of it.
از کسی بخاطر چیزی شکایت کردن
to make a legal claim against someone, especially for money
to sue somebody for sth
They sued the company for breach of contract.
She was suing doctors for negligence over the loss of her child
He is being sued for divorce (=in order to end a marriage) by his wife
The bridge’s architect was sued for criminal negligence
از معمار پل به دلیل سهل انگاری جنایی شکایت شد
Proceed against /prəˈsiːd/
I decided to proceed against him out of desperation.
از روی ناچاری تصمیم گرفتم از او شکایت کنم.
ایجاد شکاف کردن، رخنه کردن در
to break a hole in a wall that is intended to protect a place
breach /briːtʃ/ :
The storm had breached the sea wall in two places
به بلوغ رسیدن
to reach puberty /ˈpjuːbərti/
رد کردن و نپذیرفتن
decline to do something (محترمانه)
Mary declined Jay’s invitation to dinner.
The court declined to review her case.
The minister declined to comment about the progress of the peace talks.
dismiss something /dɪsˈmɪs/
The government has dismissed criticisms that the country’s health policy is a mess.
He just laughed and dismissed my proposal as unrealistic.
It’s an idea that shouldn’t be dismissed out of hand (=dismissed immediately and completely).
Children’s fears should never be dismissed lightly.
rebuff /rɪˈbʌf/:
The company raised its offer to $6 billion, but was rebuffed.
He was politely rebuffed when he suggested holding the show in Dublin.
He rebuffed my suggestion out of pride
پیشنهاد من رو از روی غرور رد کرد.
قاطی جمعیت (ناپدید)شدن
to disappear into the crowd
دست از سر کسی/چیزی برداشتن و و را راحت گذاشتن
let up on someone/something
He was told by his doctor to let up on his work schedule or he will become sick
The police said they would not let up on drug dealers.
به مقابله برخواستن - مقابله کردن
To oppose or come into conflict with someone or something
go up against (someone or something)
The lawsuit is going up against a tradition dating back nearly 200 years.
They are just a small band of rebels going up against an entire empire. There’s no way they can win!
دچار پنچری(لاستیک) شدن
get a flat tire
please check tools in case we get a flat tire
باموفقیت (عملی را) انجام دادن - (در کاری) موفق شدن
to succeed in doing something difficult
pull off:
The goalkeeper pulled off six terrific saves.
خود را گول زدن
fool oneself
I was fooling oneself thinking I could be with her
روی اصول پانهادن
to do something which is against your principles and which therefore seems dishonest or shameful
compromise one’s principles /ˈkɒmprəmaɪz $ ˈkɑːm-/
As soon as you compromise your principles you are lost
Don’t compromise your beliefs/principles for the sake of being accepted.
خود را کوچیک کردن
compromise oneself
She had already compromised herself by accepting his invitation.
His political career ended when he compromised himself by accepting bribes.
تلق‌تلوق کردن
to rattle /ˈrætl/ [گذشته: rattled]
The windows were rattling all night in the wind.
پنجره‌ها تمام شب بهخاطر باد تلق‌تلوق می‌کردند.
to clatter /ˈklætər/ [گذشته: clattered]
The dishes clattered in the cupboard when he slammed the door.
ظروف در کابینت تلق‌تلق کردند، وقتی که او درب را کوبید.
جیغ کشیدن
squeal with/in (جیغ ممتمد) /skwiːl/
The children squealed with delight.
scream
shriek /ʃriːk/
They were dragged from their homes, shrieking and weeping.
He shrieked in agony.
A group of students were shrieking with laughter
I’ll kill you,’ Anne shrieked at him.
She shrieked in terror.
The audience shrieked with laughter
Instead of shrieking at each other, the students decided to have a debate on the topic.
به جای جیغ کشیدن بر سر همدیگر، دانشجویان تصمیم گرفتند مناظره‌ای درباره موضوع برپا کنند.
give/let out a shriek
Facing the peril of the waterfall, the boatman let out a terrible shriek.
مواجه شده با خطر (سقوط از) آبشار، قایقران جیغ وحشتناکی کشید.
She gave a little shriek of delight.
رنگزدایی کردن
to remove the colour from something or make it lighter using chemicals
bleach /bliːtʃ/ :
Gary’s had his hair bleached
زدودن و پاک کردن چیزی از چیزی دیگر
to remove something from something:
wipe sth off sth
All their customer information was wiped off the computer by a virus.
He wiped the sweat off his forehead.
او عرق را از پیشانی‌اش پاک کرد.
She wiped the soup off her blouse, but it left a stain
گریه و زاری کردن
wail /weɪl/ [very loudly in a high voice] [گذشته: wailed]
She wailed with despair.
weep /wiːp/ [گذشته: wept ]
She wept for the loss of her mother.
He wept bitterly (=cried a lot) when it was time for us to leave
He wanted to weep at the unfairness of it all.
I felt I could have wept for joy. weeping for someone who has died
We had wept over the death of our parents.
She almost wept with happiness
cry one’s eyes out [to cry a lot and for a long time]:
I cried my eyes out when I watched ‘Titanic’
sob [taking sudden loud breaths]
We found her sobbing in a corner.
ما او را گوشه‌ای در حال هق هق کردن یافتیم.
whimper /ˈwɪmpə $ -ər/ [quietly and weakly]
“Don’t leave me alone”, he whimpered.
او با گریه گفت: «من را تنها نگذار.»
زیر گریه زدن
to suddenly start crying
burst into tears :
The man shouted at her and she burst into tears.
break down:
He broke down and begged for forgiveness.
When I saw what had happened to him, I just broke down and cried.
استنطاق /بازپرسی /سوال‌پیچ /سین‌جیم /بازجویی کردن
to ask someone a lot of questions for a long time in order to get information, sometimes using threats
interrogate /ɪnˈterəɡeɪt/
The police interrogated the suspect for several hours.
conduct interrogation
The interrogation was conducted by senior police officers.
to conduct/hold inquest /ˈɪŋkwest/
An inquest was held to discover the cause of death.
یک تحقیق برای شناسایی علت مرگ برقرار شد.
برطرف شدن
stop being a problem without you having to do anything
sort itself out :
Our financial problems should sort themselves out in a week or two.
به چیزی رسیدگی کردن
to sort out
I’ve got a few things at work to sort out.
من در سرکار چند کار کوچک دارم که باید (به آنها) رسیدگی کنم.
You load up the car and I’ll sort the kids out.
تو ماشین را بار بزن و من به بچه‌ها رسیدگی میکنم.
look into something
Police are looking into the disappearance of two children
Please could you look into the matter for me?
to catch up on something
He usually used the afternoons to catch up on paperwork.
او معمولاً بعدازظهرها به کاغذبازی‌های اداری رسیدگی می‌کرد.
I have some work to catch up on.
کمی کار برای رسیدگی کردن دارم.
to see to something
“These letters need posting.” “I’ll see to them later.”
«این نامه‌ها باید پست شوند.» «من بعداً به آنها رسیدگی میکنم.»
I can see to the children if you want to go out.
اگر می خواهی بیرون بروی، من می‌توانم به بچه‌ها رسیدگی کنم.
Mrs Chapman asked for some help with the orders - could you see to it?
خانم “چپمن” برای سفارش‌ها کمک خواست؛ می‌توانی رسیدگی کنی؟
Will you please see to it that the garbage is taken out in the morning.
to see about something
It’s getting late - I must see about lunch.
دارد دیر می‌شود؛ باید ترتیب ناهار را بدهم [ناهار درست کنم].
مرتب /تروتمیز کردن
to sort out I must sort out my drawers. من باید کشوی لباس‌هایم را مرتب کنم. I sorted the clothes out into two piles. من لباس‌ها را به دو دسته مرتب کردم.
با کسی ارتباط برقرار کردن
to make a special effort to communicate with or help someone.
reach out (to (someone))
I was going through a hard time, and Johnny really reached out to me during that period.
The new mayor is reaching out to inner city communities to involve them in his plans for the city.
به کسی بخاطر چیزی حسادت کردن
to envy sb sth
He envied Tom his youth and strength
عادی شدن
become far more normal
تعقیب کردن ، دنبال کسی راه افتادن
to stalk
He was arrested for stalking
She was stalked by an obsessed fan
کمین کردن
to follow an animal or person as closely as possible without being seen or heard, usually in order to catch or kill them
to stalk
We know the rapist stalks his victims at night
For a stalking predator , the element of surprise is crucial
The police had been stalking the woman for a week before they arrested her
واقف بودن به چیزی
know about and understand sth
be cognizant of sth /ˈkɒɡnəzənt /
I’m completely cognizant of my duties
لرزیدن
tremble /ˈtrembəl/
His lip started to tremble and then he started to cry.
quiver /ˈkwɪvə $ -ər/ [=to shake slightly ]
Lou’s voice quivered with indignation
I lay there quivering with fear
The child was quivering in her arms
Her bottom lip began to quiver, and she turned away to hide her tears.
He was quivering with indignation.
او داشت از عصبانیت می‌لرزید.
to shiver /ˈʃɪv.ər/
She shivered, pulling her coat closer around herself
The man was shivering with fatigue
shudder (کوتاه مدت از ترس، سرما و …)/ˈʃʌd.ər/
I heard a massive explosion and the ground shuddered beneath me
صدای انفجار مهیبی را شنیدم و زمین زیر من لرزید
Courbet shuddered when he thought of what might have happened to them.
I shuddered when I read the article.
He was still shuddering with the cold.
Maria shuddered as she stepped outside.
I shudder with embarrassment whenever I think about it.
She shuddered at the thought that she could have been killed.
به شایعات پایان دادن
to scotch the rumors /skɑːtʃ ˈruːmə $ -ər/
The famous actor made an appearance on television and scotched the rumors of his death.
بازیگر مشهور در تلویزیون حضور پیدا کرده و به شایعات مربوط به مرگش پایان داد.
مدام به یاد خاطرات…بودن
be haunted by memories of sth
He was haunted by the memories of his military service
اندوختن
to keep something in a safe place to use later
squirrel something away
I have squirreled away a lot of money.
من کلی پول جمع کردم.
واجد شرایط بودن برای چیزی/انجام کاری
Be eligible for sth/to do sth /ˈɛləʤəbəl/
When are you eligible to vote in your country?
در کشور شما چه زمانی برای رای دادن واجد شرایط می‌شوید؟
You need a degree in biology to be eligible for the program.
شما باید مدرکی در زیست‌شناسی داشته باشید تا برای این برنامه واجد شرایط باشید
You are not eligible for an educational grant.
شما واجد شرایط کمک هزینه تحصیلی نیستید.
کسی را واجد شرایط کردن - صلاحیت دادن به کسی
to qualify sb /ˈkwɒl.ɪ.faɪ/
These courses will qualify you to teach music
What qualifies you for this position?
شایستگی چیزی را پیدا کردن
to qualify for sth /ˈkwɒl.ɪ.faɪ/
You will automatically qualify for a pension
England failed to qualify for the final
به کسی هشدار/تذکر/اخطار دادن
put a bug in someone’s ear
.I think the boss is going to be laying off the employees who aren’t working hard enough. I just want to put a bug in your ear.
فکر کنم رییس می‌خواهد کارمندانی که به اندازه کافی کار نمی‌کنند را اخراج کند. فقط خواستم بهت هشدار بدهم.
caution /ˈkɔːʃn/
A player was cautioned for his angry outburst against the referee.
To exercise caution
give/serve someone notice
They didn’t give me sufficient notice
I’ve been given notice to quit my flat (=I have been told that I must leave by a certain date).
his failure to give notice of his intention to alter the property
Union members served strike notice (=warned that they would go on strike) late last night
She’s given notice that she intends to leave.
برای کاری زمان زیادی اختصاص دادن
put a lot of time into something
پایان بخشیدن به چیزی
put a stop to something
We must put a stop to the violence.
ما باید به خشونت پایان بخشیم.
زحمت بردن - مستلزم زحمت کشیدن بودن
take effort
Learning to speak another language takes effort
It takes a sustained effort to quit smoking.
زحمت را کم کردن - بار زحمت را از روی دوش برداشتن
take the effort out of something
An automatic car takes the effort out of driving.
ارزش زحمت کشیدن را داشتن
used to say that something is worth doing even though it is hard
be (well) worth the effort
It’s a difficult place to get to, but it’s well worth the effort.
فراتر رفتن (از) بیشتر شدن (از)
to exceed /ɪkˈsiːd/ [گذشته: exceeded]
Working hours must not exceed 42 hours a week
He was fined for exceeding the speed limit
Income is expected to exceed expenditure.
She was found guilty on three charges of exceeding the speed limit
this task exceeds my powers
فراتر از انتظارات بودن
be or do better than you hoped or expected
exceed expectations
His performance exceeded our expectations
The success of our campaign has exceeded our wildest expectations
به هوش آمدن
to come around /kʌm əˈraʊnd/
When he came around, he couldn’t remember what had happened.
وقتی بهوش آمد، نمی‌توانست بهخاطر بیاورد چه اتفاقی افتاده‌است.
When she came around her mother was sitting by her bed.
You might feel a little sick when you come around from the anesthetic. (ænɪsˈθetɪk داروی بی هوشی )
خود را ب کوچه علی چپ زدن
pretend to be unintelligent or unaware in order to deceive someone or gain an advantage.
play dumb
Don’t play dumb with me – I know you took the money.
بخاطر چیزی جراحی شدن
undergo surgery for sth
He underwent surgery for lung cancer.
عمل جراحی انجام دادن
perform surgery
A San Antonio doctor has volunteered to perform the surgery at no cost
He has been performing heart surgery for ten years
سورپرایز کردن
to make someone feel very surprised, especially about something they like or admire
blow sb away :
It just blows me away, the way everyone’s so friendly round here
That new exhibit of ancient gold objects at the museum is so amazing, it will blow you away!
Everyone I tell that story to, I mean everyone, is just blown away.
با اسلحه کسی را کشتن
to kill someone by shooting them with a gun
blow sb away
It’s basically a dull movie except for the scene where Francie gets to blow away some bad guys.
استراق سمع کردن (بوسیله تلفن وغیره)
listen in (on sth)
When Mary talked to her boyfriend on the telephone, her little brother listened in.
I wish Dad would stop listening in on my phone conversations
It sounded like someone was listening in on us.
اذیت کردن، بستوه اوردن
to continue to annoy or upset someone over a period of time
harass /həˈræs/
A number of black youths have complained of being harassed by the police
One woman claimed that she had been sexually harassed by a male manager
She was sexually harassed by her boss.
او توسط رئیسش مورد آزار جنسی قرار گرفت.
The vendor was harassed by the municipal workers.
دست‌فروش توسط کارگران شهرداری مورد آزار و اذیت قرار گرفت.
to spite
The neighbours throw things over the garden wall just to spite us.
گلوی کسی را فشردن، خفه کردن
to kill someone by pressing their throat with your hands, a rope etc
strangle
The victim had been strangled with a belt.
choke
I felt as if there was a weight on my chest, choking me.
The smoke was choking me.
Peanuts can choke a small child.
suffocate /ˈsʌfəkeɪt/
The animal seizes its prey by the throat and suffocates it to death.
One of the puppies suffocated inside the plastic bag.
خفه شدن (از چیزی)
to be unable to breathe properly because something is in your throat or there is not enough air
choke (on something)
He choked on a piece of bread.
Six people choked to death on the fumes.
She choked to death on a fish bone
مطلبی را رساندن، ضمنا فهماندن ، اشاره داشتن بر
imply /ɪmˈplaɪ/
Cleo blushed. She had not meant to imply that he was lying
High profits do not necessarily imply efficiency
The high level of radiation in the rocks implies that they are volcanic in origin
Democracy implies a respect for individual liberties
To intimate/ˈɪntəmeɪt, ˈɪntɪmeɪt/
He intimated, politely but firmly, that we were not welcome.
She had already intimated to me her wish to leave.
کلاهبرداری کردن
rook
اغوا کردن ، به طمع سودی فریفتن
lure sb into sth/doing sth
People may be lured into buying tickets by creative advertising
بشارت دادن
to herald sth as…
When it opened, the hospital was heralded as a new way forward in nursing care.
فرصتی را غنیمت شمردن
to accept an opportunity very eagerly
leap at the chance/opportunity
I leapt at the chance of studying abroad.
رشوه گرفتن
accept/take bribe
He was accused of accepting/taking bribes from wealthy businessmen
رشوه دادن
to bribe /braɪb/
He bribed immigration officials and entered the country illegally.
اقدام قانونی کردن
take legal action
He is within his rights to take legal action
ایده‌ای را عملی کردن
=start doing something you have planned to do
put something into action
She was looking forward to putting her plans into action.
دست‌به‌کار شدن ، وارد عمل شدن
=suddenly start doing something
swing/spring/leap into action
The emergency services are always on standby and ready to swing into action at a moment’s notice
سرویس های اورژانس همیشه در حالت آماده باش هستند و آماده هستند تا با اطلاع لحظه ای وارد عمل شوند
take action
The government must take action to control inflation.
دولت باید برای کنترل تورم وارد عمل شود.
گذشت کردن ، چشم‌پوشی کردن
to condone /kənˈdoʊn/
I cannot condone the use of violence under any circumstances
turn a blind eye
The restaurant staff often took food home, and their boss turned a blind eye.
کارکنان رستوران اغلب غذاها را خانه می‌بردند، و رئیس‌شان ندید می‌گرفت.
خجالت دادن
embarrass /ɪmˈbærəs/
You’re embarrassing him with your compliments!
He didn’t want to embarrass her by asking questions
to cause embarrassment to sb
His indiscreet remarks have caused embarrassment to the government.
دست پاچه / پریشان/ مضطرب کردن
to make someone nervous and confused by making them hurry or interrupting them
fluster sb /ˈflʌstə $ -ər/:
Don’t fluster me, or I’ll never be ready on time.
to agitate sb /ˈæʤəˌteɪt/ [گذشته: agitated]
The fact that she had not arrived by midnight agitated her parents.
این موضوع که دختر تا نیمه شب به خانه نرسیده بود پدر و مادرش را پریشان کرده بود.
perturb sb /pəˈtɜːb/
News of the arrest perturbed her greatly.
put sb on edge
Redundancies and other work upheavals have put employees on edge
make sb tense/nervous
Mary’s problems at work were making her tense and irritable
It makes me nervous when you drive that fast
دست پاچه / مضطرب شدن
get in a fluster
The important thing when you’re cooking for a lot of people is not to get in a fluster
خم شدن
to lean /liːn/
She leaned out of the window and waved.
از پنجره به بیرون خم شد و دست تکان داد.
چیزی را به چیزی تکیه دادن
to lean something against something
Lean your bike against the wall.
دوچرخه‌ات را کنار دیوار [به دیوار] تکیه بده.
به چیزی تکیه داده شدن
to lean against something
A shovel was leaning against the wall.
یک بیل به دیوار تکیه داده شده بود.
به چیزی تکیه دادن
to lean on something
She walked slowly, leaning on her son’s arm.
او به‌آرامی راه رفت، در حالی که به بازوی پسرش تکیه داده بود.
The old man was leaning heavily on a stick
مایه سرافکندگی کسی بودن
be a disappointment to/for sb /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/
She felt she was a disappointment to her family.
The movie was kind of a disappointment.
The team’s performance has been a disappointment for the fans.
کسی را تحت‌فشار قرار دادن
to lean on somebody
The government has been leaning on the TV company not to broadcast the show.
دولت (آن) شرکت تلویزیونی را تحت‌فشار قرار داد تا (آن) برنامه را پخش نکنند.
We may have to lean on them a little if we want our money.
اگر پولمان را می‌خواهیم، ممکن است مجبور شویم کمی آنها را تحت‌فشار قرار دهیم.
to mount pressure on sb’s mind
وابسته بودن متکی بودن
to lean on somebody
He leans heavily on his family.
او به‌شدت به خانواده‌اش وابسته است.
The couple lean on each other for support.
Britain leans heavily on Europe for trade
rely on
طرفدار (چیزی یا کسی) بودن ، (به چیزی) تمایل/ گرایش داشتن
to lean towards
Canada, the UK and Japan leaned towards the US view
.Who’s she leaning towards in this election?
در این انتخابات او طرفدار کیست؟
to mix things together in an untidy way, without any order
jumble (also jumble up) The jigsaw( پازل جورچین) pieces were all jumbled together in the box.
در خدمت کسی بودن - به کسی خدمت کردن
be of service to sb
How might the bureau be of service to you?
ثبت کردن (وقایع و…)
to log [گذشته: logged]
All phone calls are logged.
سپردن - تسلیم کردن - تحویل دادن
to give a piece of work or something you have written to someone in authority
commit
Officers officially committed the prisoner to the jail
hand in
give something in (to sb)
You were supposed to give this work in four days ago.
Rose decided to give in her notice (=officially say she was going to leave her job).
All assignments must be given in to your teacher by Friday.
hand sth over to sb
Hand the reins over to the youth.
سکان رو بده دست جوانان.
ارتباط چشمی برقرار کردن
make eye contact
انباشتن، افزوده شدن
accrue /əˈkruː/
Interest will accrue on the account at a rate of 7%.
تعلق گرفتن
accrue /əˈkruː/
Little benefit will accrue to the city (= it will receive little benefit) from the new transport links
I want to get a PhD just because of the dividends that accrue to it.
مدرک دکتری رو فقط به خاطر مزایایی که بهش تعلق می گیره می خوام بگیرم.
کسی را خسته کردن
to make someone feel very tired and without any energy
drain somebody:
Working with children all day really drains you.
to take it/something out of somebody
Looking after small children really takes it out of you.
مراقبت کردن از بچه‌های کوچک واقعاً آدم را خسته می‌کند.
to use too much of something, especially money, so that there is not enough left:
Huge imports were draining the country’s currency reserves
drain:
Huge imports were draining the country’s currency reserves
کنار کشیدن
to stop being involved in a situation, usually in order to allow other people to deal with it themselves
back off :
Just back off and let us do this on our own, will you?
to hit your fingers lightly on something, for example to get someone’s attention
tap
He turned as someone tapped him on the shoulder
She tapped ash from her cigarette
شنود کردن
to listen secretly to someone’s telephone by using a special piece of electronic equipment
tap:
Murray’s phone calls to Australia were tapped.
آب شدن یخ رابطه - کم کم احساس راحتی کردن
to relax, esp. after being nervous:
loosen (sb) up /ˈluː.sən/:
He seemed quite nervous at the beginning, but he soon loosened up
She was nervous at the beginning of the interview but loosened up after a while
گرم کردن (بدن)
to stretch your muscles, esp. by doing special exercises before a hard physical activity
loosen up:
He always spent 20 minutes loosening up before going for his morning run.
to make someone speak more freely
loosen sb’s tongue :
A couple of glasses of champagne had loosened my tongue and I said things that perhaps I shouldn’t have.
چریدن علف خوردن
graze
The sheep were grazing in the fields.
گوسفندان داشتند در مراتع می‌چریدند.
به چرا(چریدن) بردن
to move cattle, horses etc into a field to feed on the grass
put something/somebody out to pasture
The cattle were put out to pasture
مقرر/اعمال /وضع کردن
impose /ɪmˈpəʊz $ -ˈpoʊz/
The government imposed a ban on the sale of ivory(عاج/ˈaɪvəri/)
تحمیل کردن
impose something on somebody /ɪmˈpəʊz $ -ˈpoʊz/
Military spending imposes a huge strain on the economy.
Motivation to learn must come from the child; it cannot be artificially imposed
parents are used to imposing their own moral values on their children
کهنه/بیات شدن - تازگی وطراوت را از دست دادن،
go stale
French bread goes stale very quickly
زده شدن از چیزی
have no new ideas, interest, or energy, because you have been doing the same thing for too long
become/ get stale
If you stay in the job for more than ten years, you get stale
They had been working together for over five years and they had both become a little stale
شانس را امتحان کردن
to do something that could have either good or bad results
take a chance :
She’s trying to find a publisher who will take a chance on her book.
his boss was prepared to take a chance on youngsters
It might not work, but it’s a chance we’ll have to take.
have a bash (at something):
Why not have a bash at windsurfing?
Take the leap
to talk to someone or telephone them later in order to answer a question or give them information
get back to somebody :
I’ll find out the prices and get back to you.
to spend a lot of money on something
splash out (something)
We splashed out on a new kitchen.
to start a car engine without using the key, especially in order to steal the car
hot-wire /ˈhɒt.wɑɪəʳ/ US /ˈhɑːt.waɪr/
از مرحله پرت بودن
to be unaware of things that most people know about
live under a rock :
How could you have not heard about it? Do you live under a rock?
گواهی / شهادت دادن
to make a formal statement of what is true, especially in a court of law
testify /ˈtestəfaɪ, ˈtestɪfaɪ/:
Mr Molto has agreed to testify at the trial.
She refused to testify against her brother.
She was unwilling to testify before Congress
ادعای خود را پس گرفتن
withdraw one’s allegation.
the witness who had testified against Muawad withdrew his allegation.
عزم کاری را کردن - کمر همت بستن - عزم را جزم کردن
to decide you are going to do something and to put a lot of effort into doing it
set/put your mind to sth:
If you’d just put your mind to it, I’m sure you could do it.
gird one’s loins for sth
he has girded his loins for the fight that lies ahead
جا انداختن، از قلم انداختن
leave somebody/something out
Fans were shocked that Giggs had been left out of the team
to miss somebody/something out
کسی/چیزی را جا انداختن
I’ll just read through the form again to make sure I haven’t missed anything out.
من فقط دوباره از روی فرم می‌خوانم تا مطمئن شوم چیزی را جا نینداخته باشم.
You’ve missed out your address on the form.
آدرست را در فرم جا انداخته‌ای.
he had simply missed Parsons out by an oversight
کسی را در عمل انجام شده قرار دادن
to force or persuade someone to do something without giving them enough time to think about it
railroad somebody into doing something
The workers were railroaded into signing the agreement.
فرمانروایی / سلطنت کردن
reign /reɪn/ Confusion reigned when the two managers gave conflicting instructions. Chaos reigns in Iran everyday Peace reigns over their life. آرامش بر زندگی آنها حکمفرماست. Silence reigns everywhere. سکوت همه جا حاکم است.
تحویل دادن
to give in [گذشته: gave in] [گذشته کامل: given in]:
Please give your work in before Monday.
لطفاً نوشته خود را تا قبل از دوشنبه تحویل دهید.
You were supposed to give this work in four days ago
All assignments must be given in to your teacher by Friday
hand sth in :
Have you handed in your history essay yet?
I’ve decided to hand in my resignation (= tell my employer I am leaving my job).
to turn in
I have to turn in my essay by Wednesday.
من باید تا چهارشنبه مقاله‌ام را تحویل دهم.
The rebels were told to turn in their weapons and ammunition.
My wallet was turned in to the police two days later.
When do the library books have to be turned in?
Have you all turned in your homework assignments?
hand something over (to) :
The soldiers were ordered to hand over their guns.
He handed the phone over to me.
احساس ضرورت کردن برای چیزی
feel the urge for sth
If you feel the urge for a cigarette, try not to give in to it.
دور کسی جمع شدن
to gather around someone in a crowd to express admiration, interest or anger
mob:
They were mobbed by fans when they arrived at the theatre.
be expected to happen or arrive at a particular time
be due to do something
The new road is due to open in April.
موعد افتتاح این جاده جدید، ماه آوریل است [این جاده جدید، قرار است در ماه آوریل افتتاح شود].
The team are due to fly to Italy next month.
His new book is due to be published next year
I’m due at his office at 4.30
ارزش قائل بودن ، قدر دانستن، باارزش دانستن ،ارج گذاشتن ، بها دادن
to have/pay/show regard for somebody/something
I had great regard for his abilities.
من برای توانایی‌های او ارزش زیادی قائل بودم.
I have great regard for your work.
من برای کار شما ارزش زیادی قائل هستم.
She shows no regard for other people’s feelings.
او برای احساسات سایر افراد هیچ احترامی قائل نیست.
value somebody/something
Mr. Yeo valued Jan for her hard work
I’ve always valued her advice.
من همیشه برای نصیحت‌های او ارزش قائل بوده‌ام.
They don’t seem to value honesty very highly.
به‌نظر نمی‌رسد که برای صداقت خیلی ارزش قائل باشند
The area is valued for its vineyards.
این منطقه بهخاطر تاکستان‌هایش باارزش دانسته می‌شود.
Think (very) highly of sb
سلام رساندن
send regards
My husband sends his regards.
کوچکترین اهمیتی به چیزی ندادن
to care at all about someone or something —used in negative statements
give a damn about
He doesn’t give a damn what people think about him. Nobody gives a damn about us. I don’t want to hear about her problems.
شورش / اغتشاش کردن
to riot /ˈraɪət/ [گذشته: rioted]
University students rioted in protest at tuition fees
افزایش ارزش پیدا کردن
increase/rise/go up in value
The dollar has been steadily increasing in value
کاهش ارزش پیدا کردن
fall/go down in value
There is a risk that the shares may fall in value.
ارزش خود را حفظ کردن
hold value
Good quality furniture should hold its value
لغو کردن
to stop an activity because it would be difficult or dangerous to continue it
abort /əˈbɔːt $ -ɔːrt/
The rescue mission had to be aborted
The flight crew aborted the take-off.
خدمه هواپیما بلند شدن (هواپیما) [پرواز] را لغو کردند.
Call sth off
Rescuers had to call off the search because of worsening weather conditions
Linda decided to call the wedding off.
The game was called off due to heavy rain.
The trip to Italy might be called off.
overrule :
The House of Lords overruled the decision of the Court of Appeal.
They have the power to overrule the local council.
repeal /rɪˈpiːl/
The Emperor issued the decree repealing martial law.
امپراطور فرمان لغو قانون نظامی را صادر کرد
سقط کردن
abort /əˈbɔːt $ -ɔːrt/
The bacterial infection can cause animals to abort.
to have a miscarriage /ˈmɪsˌkær.ɪdʒ/
I had two miscarriages before I gave birth to my daughter.
پخش / توزیع کردن
to give something to each person in a group or place
to hand out /hænd aʊt/
Could you start handing these books out please?
He was handing out leaflets to members of the audience
بردباری کردن دربرابر، طاقت چیزی راداشتن، تاب چیزی را اوردن
to be in a difficult or painful situation for a long time without complaining
endure /ɪnˈdjʊə $ ɪnˈdʊr/
He can’t endure being apart from me
It seemed impossible that anyone could endure such pain
The people in this country have had to endure almost a decade of economic hardship
طلب کردن
ask publicly for something to be done
to ask for
Could you ask the waiter for the check?
می‌شود از گارسون بخواهی صورتحساب را بیاورد؟
hit sb up :
She hit me up for $20.
He tried to hit me up for some cigarettes.
What about hitting up your daddy for a loan?
call for sth :
Human Rights groups are calling for the release of political prisoners
Members have called for his resignation.
ایجاد کردن (چیزی منفی و ناخوشایند)
to stir up
The photographs stirred up some painful memories.
Their aim was to stir up feeling against the war
حس تنفر ایجاد کردن
to stir up hatred
He is accused of stirring up racial hatred.
گردوخاک بلند کردن
stir up dust
The wind stirred up a lot of dust.
باد کلی گردوخاک به هوا بلند کرد.
مشخص / تصریح کردن
to state exactly how something must be or must be done
to stipulate /ˈstɪpjuleɪt/:
She agreed to buy the car, but stipulated racing tyres and a turbo-powered engine.
The law stipulates that new cars must have seat belts for the driver and every passenger.
We have signed a contract which stipulates when the project must be completed.
The regulations stipulate that everything has to comply to the relevant safety standards.
محکوم کردن
to condemn /kənˈdem/ [گذشته: condemned]
He was condemned to death for murder and later hanged.
او به خاطر قتل محکوم به مرگ و مدتی بعد اعدام شد.
Many people condemned the government’s decision.
افراد بسیاری تصمیم دولت را محکوم کردند.
She was condemned to hang for killing her husband.
او به خاطر قتل شوهرش محکوم به اعدام شد.
He condemned the killing of innocent people.
خلاصه کردن (مطلب و…) فشرده کردن
to make something that is spoken or written shorter, by not giving as much detail or using fewer words to give the same information
to condense /kənˈdɛns/
The article was condensed into just two pages.
(این) مقاله به تنها دو صفحه خلاصه شد
مایع شدن تبدیل شدن (گاز به مایع)
to condense /kənˈdɛns/
The vapor in the air condenses into droplets of water.
بخار موجود در هوا تبدیل به قطرات آب می‌شود.
تحریک کردن برانگیختن
to deliberately encourage people to fight, argue etc
incite somebody to (do) something /ɪnˈsaɪt/
He faces criminal charges for inciting racial hatred.
There was no evidence that he had incited members of the group to violence.
provoke somebody into (doing) something /prəˈvoʊk/
The dog would not have attacked if it hadn’t been provoked.
Paul tried to provoke Fletch into a fight.
Their laughter provoked him to anger
to foment /foʊˈment/
They accused him of fomenting political unrest.
آنها او را به برپا کردن آشوب سیاسی متهم کردند.
arouse /əˈraʊz/
A great deal of anger was aroused by Campbell’s decision
The music aroused a feeling of calm within him
The terms of his contract aroused deep resentment among the other players.
sting (sb into) [گذشته: stung] [گذشته کامل: stung] Their taunts(متلک ها) stung him into his best performance for the team yet
galvanize someone into action /ˈɡælvənaɪz/
The urgency of his voice galvanized them into action.
فوریت در صدای او همه را به انجام عمل برانگیخت.
His words galvanized me into action.
حرفهای او من رو به عمل واداشت.
This state of affairs galvanized me into thinking about emigration more seriously.
این وضعیت باعث شد که با جدیت بیشتری به مهاجرت فکر کنم.
The prospect of bankruptcy galvanized him into liquidating his assets.
احتمال ورشکستگی او را به نقد کردن دارایی هایش واداشت.
The alarmingly high rate of crime galvanized the people in charge to toughen up the laws.
نرخ وحشتناک بالای جنایت افراد مسئول را وادار کرد تا قوانین را تشدید کنند..
تضعیف کردن - (پایه‌ی چیزی را) سست کردن
to undermine /ˌʌndərˈmaɪn/
High taxation rates have undermined work incentives.
This crisis has undermined his position.
این بحران موقعیت او را تضعیف کرد.
His position within the government has been seriously undermined.
weaken
This process of centralization further weakens accountability.
منتسب کردن به،نسبت دادن
to attribute /ˈætrəˌbjut/
She attributes her success to hard work and a little luck.
او موفقیتش را به سخت تلاش کردن و کمی شانس مربوط می‌کند.
ascribe sth to sb/sth /əˈskraɪb/
To what do you ascribe the enormous success of your latest book?
They ascribe cultural impoverishment to improper upbringing.
آنها فقر فرهنگی را از تربیت نادرست ناشی می‌دانند.
Some ascribe this situation to mismanagement.
بعضی‌ها این وضعیت را ناشی از سوء مدیریت می‌دانند.
They ascribe all these problems to sanctions.
آنها همه‌ی این مشکلات را ناشی از تحریم‌ها می‌دانند.
He ascribes his success to hard work
او موفقیت‌اش را ناشی از سخت کوشی می‌داند.
He ascribes his failure to laziness.
او شکست‌ش را ناشی از تنبلی می‌داند.
to impute /ɪmˈpjut/
People impute great cleverness to cats.
مردم زیرکی زیادی را به گربه ها نسبت می دهند.
the crimes imputed to Richard.
جنایات به “ریچارد” نسبت داده شدند.
قطع کردن (درخت و…)
to make a tree fall down by cutting it with a sharp tool
chop something down :
A couple of the older trees will have to be chopped down.
Large areas of rain-forest are being chopped down every day.
قطع کردن بریدن
to remove something by cutting it with a sharp tool
chop something off :
The branch had been chopped off.
مدام نظر خود را عوض کردن
to keep changing your mind
chop and change :
You can’t keep chopping and changing like this!
ریزریز کردن خرد کردن
to chop up Chop the carrots up into small pieces. هویج‌ها را به تکه‌های کوچک خرد کنید. Chop up the onions and carrots. پیازها و هویج‌ها را ریزریز کنید.
تقارت پیدا کردن، به هم جمع شدن، همگراشدن
converge /kənˈvɜːdʒ $ -ˈvɜːrdʒ/
The two rivers converge into one near Pittsburgh
Due to roadworks, three lanes of traffic have to converge into two
Cultural beliefs about the role of women converge with government policies..
رک حرف زدن
to speak about things in a direct and honest way, even though it may be impolite to do this
call a spade a spade
know you like Jason, but he’s a jerk! I’m sorry, but I have to call a spade a spade.
You have to call a spade a spade and acknowledge the corruption built into this system!
حرکت هواپیما روی باند فرود
taxi
The plane was taxiing along the runway.
مجوز/تاییدیه گرفتن
get clearance /ˈklɪərəns $ ˈklɪr-/
She’ll race if she gets medical clearance from her doctor.
انشعاب یافتن، ازهم دورشدن
develop in different ways and so are no longer similar
to diverge /daɪˈvɜːdʒ, də- $ -ɜːrdʒ/:
The two species diverged millions of years ago.
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I took the one less traveled by.
دو مسیر در جنگل از هم جدا شدند و من، مسیری را انتخاب کردم که از آن کمتر عبور شده بود.
They walked along the road together until they reached the village, but then their paths diverged
اختلاف پیداکردن
to diverge /daɪˈvɜːdʒ, də- $ -ɜːrdʒ/:
Here his views diverged from hers.
This country’s interests diverge considerably from those of other European countries
Although the two organizations have worked together for many years, their objectives have diverged recently
از اطراف جایی عبور کردن، از کنار چیزی گذشتن
to go around a town or other busy place rather than through it
to bypass /ˈbaɪpæs/
Interstate 8 bypasses the town to the north.
«بزرگراه میان‌ایالتی ۸» از سمت شمال، شهر را دور می‌زند.
غیر محتمل/کم اهمیت دانستن
to decide that something or someone is not worth considering or giving attention
to rule out sth:
The police have ruled out suicide.
She has refused to rule out the possibility of singing again.
discount /ˈdɪs.kɑʊnt/ :
Experts discounted the accuracy of the polls.
General Hausken had not discounted the possibility of an aerial attack.
dismiss /dɪˈsmɪs
government official yesterday dismissed the reports as ‘pure speculation’
I think he’d dismissed me as an idiot within five minutes of meeting me.
Let’s not just dismiss the idea before we’ve even thought about it.
Just dismiss those thoughts from your mind - they’re crazy and not worth thinking about.
He dismissed speculation that he might run for president
حذف کردن، خط زدن
to rule out sth:
He has been ruled out of the match with a knee injury.
بازداشت / دستگیر کردن
to apprehend /ˌæprɪˈhɛnd/ [گذشته: apprehended]
The police have failed to apprehend the culprits[مجرم]
flag (عامیانهslang)
The police will flag all of us if they catch us drinking—we are underage, you know.
They flagged Bob for speeding even though he was a judge.
ارام کردن، از شدت چیزی کاستن
allay /əˈleɪ/
How can I allay your apprehensions?
The president made a statement to allay public anxiety.
She had to allay their suspicions and stop them probing any further.
جنگ بر پا کردن
wage war (on somebody/something) The police are waging war on drug pushers in the city
احیا کردن به هوش آوردن
to make someone become conscious again
to bring sb round/around
I slapped his face a couple of times to try to bring him round
The medical workers were able to bring the man around after the accident.
پیراپزشکان توانستند مرد را بعد از تصادف به هوش بیاورند.
(چیزی یا کسی را) همراه خود آوردن
to bring along [گذشته: brought along]
Dad brought his guitar along to the beach.
مدیون کسی بودن
to be very grateful to someone for the help they have given you
be indebted to somebody
We are deeply indebted to Dr Allen
از کسی/چیزی استقبال گرم/سرد/پرشور/خصمانه کردن
to give sb /sth a warm/frosty/enthusiastic/hostile reception
The audience gave him a downright(به تمام معنا) hostile reception.
His ideas met with a frosty reception
Opposition parties gave the proposals a warm reception.
احزاب مخالف از پیشنهادها استقبال گرمی کردند.
welcome
We welcome the government’s initiative to help the homeless.
خصومت داشتن با کسی یا چیزی
feel hostile towards sb /sth
The boy feels hostile towards his father
be hostile to sb /sth
Senator Lydon was hostile to our proposals
چیزی را علنی عنوان کردن
To state something publicly or officially.
go on record about sth
If a famous guy like you went on record in favor of my decision, I think other people would start to respect it as well.
My source says he’ll go on record about the corruption at the firm.
رفوزه شدن
get a flag on
You better study hard or you’ll get a flag on this exam.
flag
Pat flagged English again.
علامت زدن
to put a mark on something so it can be found easily among other similar things
flag:
Flag any files that might be useful later.
قرار ملاقات گذاشتن
to meet someone at a time or place that was arranged earlier
rendezvous with
We’ll rendezvous with James in Nicosia.
meet up
تجهیز کردن
outfit somebody/something with something
The ambulances have all been outfitted with new radios.
kit out
آرام و قرار نداشتن/لحظه شماری کردن برای چیزی
to want to do something very much and as soon as possible
be itching to do something/be itching for something
He was itching for a chance to show how good he was
به‌تصرف درآوردن اشغال کردن
to take control of a place suddenly and quickly, using military force
seize
The rebels have seized power.
A group of soldiers seized the airport.
توقیف / مصادره کردن
take legal possession of sth:
seize
160,000 CDs were seized from illegal factories.
All of my assets were seized, including my home.
قاپیدن
to take hold of something suddenly and violently
seize something from somebody
Maggie seized the letter from her
grab
فرصت را چنگ زدن و قاپیدن
seize a chance/an opportunity
Skillful leaders seize the opportunity to change things for the better
(سریع و محکم) در اختیار گرفتن
take hold of sb/sth suddenly and firmly
seize
She seized him by the arm.
I seized his arm and made him turn to look at me.
با میل و اشتیاق قبول کردن
seize on
The rumours were eagerly seized on by the local press.
کسی را راجع به چیزی مطلع/آگاه کردن
to give someone all the information about a situation that they will need
brief sb on sth
The president has been fully briefed on the current situation in Haiti.
The men have been fully briefed about the intended mission.
کاری را نوبتی انجام دادن
do sth one after the other several times, rather than doing it together.
take turns/take it in turns
Each member of my crew took it in turn to brief me on his particular duties.
We took turns to drive the car.
Ted and I took it in turns to go into hospital and sit with Emma.
چشم رویهم گذاشتن - خوابیدن(سبک)
To get some amount of sleep.
get shut-eye
Hey, it’s late. We should probably try to get some shuteye so we’re not exhausted tomorrow.
دفاع/طرفداری کردن
advocate/ˈædvəkeɪt/
Heart specialists strongly advocate low-cholesterol diets.
مستقر کردن صف آرایی کردن، آرایش نظامی دادن
to organize or move soldiers, military equipment etc so that they are in the right place and ready to be used
deploy forces/troops/weapons /dɪˈplɔɪ/
Troops have been deployed in the area to counter a possible attack.
.At least 5000 missiles were deployed along the border
به کار گرفتن
to use something for a particular purpose, especially ideas, arguments etc
deploy: /dɪˈplɔɪ/
a job in which a variety of professional skills will be deployed
دعوا راه انداختن
to deliberately start a fight with someone
pick a fight/quarrel
She sometimes picked fights with other girls at school.
to be the thing that quickly causes a serious problem
be the trigger (point) (for something) :
The hijacking became a trigger point for military action
to make something such as a bomb or electrical system start to operate
trigger :
The burglars fled after triggering the alarm
set off
ماشه را کشیدن
squeeze/tighten on/pull trigger
Her finger tightened on the trigger as she heard footsteps approaching
He squeezed the trigger, but nothing happened.
He took aim and squeezed the trigger
make you suddenly remember something
trigger a memory
It triggers a thousand childhood memories.
to make something happen very quickly, especially a series of events
trigger:
The assassination triggered off a wave of rioting.
Certain forms of mental illness can be triggered by food allergies.
عقب نشینی کردن(نظامی)
to move away from the enemy after being defeated in battle
retreat /rɪˈtriːt/
The rebels retreated to the mountains.
to make a withdrawal
The police were forced to make a tactical withdrawal.
خوشامد گفتن به کسی - به استقبال کسی رفتن
greet somebody
Bill opened the door to Harold and greeted him with cries of welcome
The president himself greeted the Delta unit on their return from their mission in Moscow
On that particular occasion, he greeted me by kissing my hand
تخلیه / خالی کردن
evacuate /ɪˈvækjueɪt/
Helicopters were used to evacuate people from their homes.
The man has now been safely evacuated to the mainland.
Police evacuated the area
قتل عام کردن
massacre/ˈmæsəkə $ -ər/
The army massacred more than 150 unarmed civilians.
Tens of thousands of dolphins and small whales are brutally massacred every year.
دشوار بودن فهم چیزی
to go over one’s head
The mathematics lectures went over my head during the first few weeks.
The physics problem was extremely difficult. It went over Tom’s head.
be beyond one’s depth/head
افتضاح تمام شدن جور نشدن، مشکل پیش آمدن
go pear-shaped /goʊ pɛr-ʃeɪpt/
The whole thing went pear-shaped.
کل ماجرا افتضاح تمام شد.
We’d planned to go away for the weekend, but it all went pear-shaped.
ما برنامه داشتیم برای آخر هفته مسافرت برویم، اما جور نشد.
در کاری افراط کردن (از روی هیجان) زیاده‌روی کردن
go overboard /goʊ ˈoʊvərˌbɔrd/
I think I went overboard cooking this dinner – there is enough to feed a dozen people.
I don’t think there’ll be more than six people eating, so I wouldn’t go overboard with the food.
پاک / تمیز کردن - زدودن
remove something by wiping or rubbing
wipe off
We always wipe off the table before we have dinner.
He wiped the sweat off his forehead.
او عرق را از پیشانی‌اش پاک کرد.
وفق پیدا کردن با چیزی
To adapt to a situation despite unexpected circumstances or challenges.
roll (with)
I had no idea it was going to be a double date, but I decided to just roll with it, and it actually turned out to be fun.
Look, we’ve just got to roll with the committee’s decision. There’s no use whining about it.
نق‌ونوق /غرغر کردن
to whine /waɪn/
The children were whining all afternoon.
بچه‌ها تمام بدازظهر داشتند نق‌ونوق می‌کردند.
grouse
Instead of grousing about the policy, do something about it.
به جای نق زدن به سیاست، کاری درباره اش انجام بده.
تحریک جنسی شدن
To become lustful or sexually excited
get on the horn
Sarah became quite embarrassed when she noticed that her date was getting on the horn in the middle of the movie.
to get an erection.
اغاز / شروع کردن
commence /kəˈmens/
The course commences with a one week introduction to Art Theory.
The planes commenced bombing at midnight.
embark on/upon sth [new, difficult, or exciting]:
He embarked on a new career as a teacher.
She was now ready to embark on her adventure.
to take something up
He left a job in the city to take up farming.
او از شغلش در شهر استعفا داد تا (کار) کشاورزی را شروع کند.
I’ve taken up knitting.
من (یادگیری) بافتنی را شروع کرده‌ام.
She has taken up the guitar.
او (یادگیری) گیتار را شروع کرده‌است.
They took up golf when they moved to Florida.
آنها گلف را شروع کردند وقتی که به فلوریدا نقل مکان کردند.
میان حرف کسی پریدن (و چیزی گفتن)
to interrupt /ɪn.t̬əˈrʌpt/
Would you mind not interrupting with questions all the time?
می‌شود لطفاً اینقدر با سؤال حرف من را قطع نکنی؟
سیگنال دریافت کردن
pick up signal
we haven’t picked up any signal on the radar since then
سفر دریایی را اغاز کردن، راندن، کشتیرانی کردن،
sail
The British fleet sailed from Southampton early this morning
به‌زور وارد شدن (برای دزدی) بدون اجازه وارد شدن
to break into
Someone broke into my car and stole the radio.
یک نفر وارد ماشینم شد و رادیوام را دزدید.
We had our car broken into last week.
هفته پیش به‌زور وارد ماشین ما شدند.
یاغیگری/ فتنه/ طغیان کردن
mutiny /ˈmjuːtəni, ˈmjuːtɪni $ -tn-i/
The soldiers had mutinied over the non-payment of wages.
to lead mutiny
He led a military mutiny against the senior generals.
بتدریج حذف کردن
to phase out
Subsidies to farmers will be phased out by next year.
یارانه به کشاورزها تا سال آینده به‌تدریج حذف خواهد شد.
مچاله کردن، له کردن ، چلاندن
crush
She was crushed (against the wall/between two cars)
squeeze /skwiːz/
Squeeze a bit of lemon juice onto the fish
Cut the lemon in half and squeeze the juice into the bowl.
لیمو را نصف کنید و آبش را در کاسه‌ای بفشارید.
بستن (قایق یا کشتی به اسکله)
moor
Two or three fishing boats were moored alongside the pier.(اسکله لنگرگاه/pɪə $ pɪr/)
We moored the boat to a large tree root.
دنبال چیزی گشتن
to search for and find something
look sth out :
I’ll look out that recipe I told you about and send it to you.
مواظب / مراقب بودن
to be careful in a situation that could be dangerous.
to look out
The police have warned shopkeepers to look out for forged (تقلبی ساختگی، جعلی) notes
You should look out for yourself from now on.
باید از حالا به بعد مراقب خودت باشی.
watch (your) step
You have to watch your step when you’re dealing with him, as he has an awful temper
watch (your) back
It’s a rough neighbourhood so watch your back when you’re walking around the streets
از خود رضایت داشتن، احساس غرور کردن
look like the cat that swallowed the canary
/ ˈswɑloʊd ðə kəˈnɛri/
After the meeting, John looked like the cat that swallowed the canary. I knew he would be a success.
بعد از جلسه، او خیلی احساس رضایت و غرور می کرد. می دانستم که موفق خواهد بود.
آرام کردن - تسکین دادن
to soothe /suð/ [گذشته: soothed]
Rosalie’s nerves were soothed by the soft music.
اعصاب “روزالی” با موسیقی ملایم تسکین یافت.
.With an embrace, the mother soothed the child.
مادر با آغوش (خود) کودک را آرام کرد.
relieve /rɪˈliːv/
Some people eat for comfort, to relieve their anxieties
pacify
He pacified his crying child with a bottle.
It was difficult for the police to pacify the angry crowd.
mitigate /ˈmɪtəɡeɪt, ˈmɪtɪɡeɪt/ :
Measures need to be taken to mitigate the environmental effects of burning more coal.
alleviate /əˈliːvieɪt/
These measures are designed to alleviate the situation.
to allay /əˈleɪ/ (برای ترس،شک،نگرانی…)
Improvements in antivirus software have allayed many people’s fears of having their computers “infected” with malicious software.
بهبود ها در نرم افزار های ضد ویروس، از ترس بسیاری از مردم در رابطه با آلوده شدن (ویروسی شدن) رایانه هایشان توسط نرم افزار های مخرب، کاسته است.
She was anxious to allay any suspicion that she had married for money
The government is trying to allay public fears/concern about the spread of the disease.
بدتر / وخیم‌تر کردن
to make a bad situation, an illness, or an injury worse
aggravate /ˈæɡrəveɪt/
Their money problems were further aggravated by a rise in interest rates.
If the working hours of essential businesses are not reduced, the corona crisis will be aggravated.
اگر ساعت کاری مشاغل ضروری کاهش پیدا نکند بحران کرونا بدتر خواهد شد.
People must leave their homes only for urgent affairs otherwise the corona crisis will be aggravated.
مردم فقط باید برای امور ضروری خانه را ترک کنند در غیر این صورت بحران کرونا بدتر خواهد شد.
If we do not postpone these ceremonies until post-corona era the Corona crisis will be aggravated.
اگر این مراسم‌ها را به دوران بعد از کرونا موکول نکنیم بحران کرونا بدتر می شود.
بزرگ‌نمایی / مبالغه کردن
magnify
Some people have a tendency to magnify every minor fault in others.
برخی افراد تمایل به بزرگ‌نمایی کوچکترین عیب [نقص] دیگران را دارند.
تشدید کردن
to intensify /ɪnˈtɛnsəˌfaɪ/
importance of the test will sometimes intensify the nervousness of the students.
. اهمیت امتحان گاهی اوقات استرس دانش‌آموزان را تشدید می‌کند.
با کسی روراست بودن
to level with /ˈlɛvəl wɪð/ [گذشته: leveled with]
She decided to level with him and tell him how she felt.
او تصمیم گرفت با او روراست باشد و بگوید چه احساسی دارد.
دهان‌بند زدن - دهان کسی را بستن
to put a piece of cloth over someone’s mouth to stop them making a noise
to gag [گذشته: gagged]
They gagged her and tied her to a chair.
آنها به او دهان‌بند زدند و او را به صندلی بستند.
put a gag on sb
They tied him up and put a gag on him.
محدود کردن (آزادی بیان)
to stop people saying what they want to say and expressing their opinions
to gag [گذشته: gagged]
The new laws are set as an attempt to gag the press.
قوانین جدید به‌عنوان تلاشی برای محدود کردن (آزادی بیان) مطبوعات تعیین شده‌اند.
برای چیزی/انجام دادن کاری بسیار مشتاق بودن و له له زدن
to be very eager to do or have something
yearn for sth
Despite his great commercial success he still yearns for critical approval.
hanker after/for sth
What did you hanker after most when you were in prison?
Even after all these years, I still hanker for a motorbike.
be gagging to do sth/be gagging for sth:
They were gagging to sign the contract.
be filled with longing for
His heart was filled with longing for Cynthia.
feel/have a longing to do sth
She felt a longing to throw herself into his arms
She had a desperate longing to go back.
He felt an overwhelming longing to hear her voice again.
پاک کردن از، رهانیدن از، خلاص کردن
to take action so that a person, place etc is no longer affected by something bad or no longer has it
rid sb/sth of sth [گذشته: rid] [گذشته کامل: rid]
Further measures will be taken to rid our streets of crime.
اقدامات بیشتری انجام خواهد شد تا خیابان‌ها را از جرم و جنایت پاک کرد.
خلاص شدن از، رهایی یافتن از
get rid of
به‌زیر کشیدن - باعث سرنگونی (دولت و…) شدن
to bring down [گذشته: brought down]
The scandal may bring down the government.
این رسوایی ممکن است دولت را به‌زیر آورد [موجب سرنگونی دولت شود].
جاسازی کردن تعبیه کردن، جا دادن، تو کار گذاشتن
to fix something firmly into a substance
embed /’embed/
The thorn was embedded in her thumb
عجین بودن
be embedded in something /’embed/
What research has shown is that these tendencies to behave in certain ways are deeply embedded in past experiences.
This denial is deeply embedded in politics
A sense of guilt was deeply embedded in my conscience
محکم گرفتن محکم چسبیدن
to clutch [گذشته: clutched]
The boy clutched his mother’s hand.
آن پسر دست مادرش را محکم گرفت.
موضع قاطعانه گرفتن
take a firm stand
he agreed with me with the significance of taking a firm stand
پاگذاشتن، راه رفتن، لگد کردن
tread /tred/
(past tense trod /trɒd $ trɑːd/, past participle trodden /ˈtrɒdn $ ˈtrɑːdn/
Sorry, did I tread on your foot?
She trod barefoot on the soft grass
محتاط بودن
to be very careful about what you say or do in a difficult situation
tread carefully/warily/cautiously etc:
If I wanted to keep my job, I knew I’d have to tread lightly.
to take a particular action or series of actions
tread a path : (British English written)
Getting the right balance between home and work is a difficult path to tread.
پیوستن، متحد کردن
ally /əˈlaɪ $ əˈlaɪ,ˈælaɪ/
Some of the northern cities allied themselves with the emperor
سائیدن - سائیده شدن
to gradually become flatter or smoother, or to make something become like this, because of rubbing or use
wear down
The tread on the tires has worn down to a dangerous level.
آج لاستیک‌ها تا سطح خطرناکی ساییده شده‌اند.
My shoes have worn down at the heel
تدریجا تحلیل رفتن، فرسوده و از بین رفته شدن
wear off
These rough roads soon wore the tread of motorcycle tires off.
این جاده‌های ناهموار زود آج لاستیک موتورسیکلت را ساییده کرد.
(طی مدتی) اندوختن و جمع کردن
to gradually get more and more money, possessions, knowledge etc over a period of time
to accumulate /əˈkjumjəˌleɪt/ :
As people accumulate more wealth, they tend to spend a greater proportion of their incomes.
همانطور که مردم ثروت بیشتری می‌اندوزند، تمایل دارند بخش بیشتری از درآمدشان را خرج کنند.
to build up
He has built up one of the country’s finest collections of art
amass /əˈmæs/
Carnegie amassed a fortune in the steel industry
روی هم انباشتن
to gradually increase in numbers or amount until there is a large quantity in one place
to accumulate /əˈkjumjəˌleɪt/ :
Fat tends to accumulate around the hips and thighs(ران)
Toxic chemicals tend to accumulate in the body
to build up
These chemicals tend to build up in the soil.
پوساندن فاسد کردن
to decay /dəˈkeɪ/ [گذشته: decayed]
Sugar makes your teeth decay
فاسد شدن خراب شدن
to be slowly destroyed by a natural chemical process, or to make something do this
to decay /dəˈkeɪ/ [گذشته: decayed] :
Her body was already starting to decay.
to rot
The fruit was left to rot on the ground.
Most of the wood under the paint had rotted.
decompose [about dead plants or flesh]:
leaves decomposing on the forest floor
putrefy همراه با بو گرفتن:
After two days, the body was already beginning to putrefy
نابود شدن
fall into (a state of) decay During the war, the area fell into decay.
کپک زدن
to begin to have a soft green or black substance growing on the surface of the food, so that it is not good to eat any more
go mouldy /moldy:
Ugh, the cheese has gone mouldy!
کلاهبرداری کردن
to con
He conned her into investing in a company that didn’t really exist.
او سر او را کلاه گذاشت تا در شرکتی که وجود (خارجی) نداشت، سرمایه گذاری کند.
They had been conned out of £100 000.
از آنها مبلغ 100000 پوند کلاهبرداری شد.
I’m pretty good at judging people; I didn’t think he was trying to con me.
سر از تن جدا کردن گردن زدن
to decapitate /dɪˈkæpɪteɪt/
with one swift movement, he decapitated the king
behead /bɪˈhed
Charles I was beheaded by the Cromwellians.
از تب و تاب افتادن و آرام گرفتن
to stop rising or falling and become steady:
to level off
Inflation has begun to level off.
Sales have leveled off after a period of rapid growth.
فروش بعد از یک بازه رشد سریع از تب و تاب افتاده است.
واژگون کردن/شدن
to (cause to) lose balance and fall down
topple /ˈtɒpəl $ ˈtɑː-/ :
The statue of the dictator was toppled (over) by the crowds.
The tree toppled and fell.
سر موضوعی وارد مشاجره/منازعه شدن
get into a dispute (over)
He got into a dispute over a taxi fare
be drawn into disputes [about sth]
Governments are often drawn into disputes about matters of public taste and decency
با کسی وارد مشاجره/منازعه شدن
involve/be in a dispute (with)
The firm is involved in a legal dispute with a rival company
become embroiled in a dispute with
He became embroiled in a dispute with his neighbors.
او درگیر مشاجره‌ای با همسایگانش شد.
درگیر کردن
to embroil /ɪmˈbrɔɪl/
She had no desire to embroil herself in lengthy lawsuits with the tabloid newspapers.
to get sth embroiled
The United Nations was reluctant to get its forces embroiled in civil war.
فتوی دادن، حکم کردن، فیصل دادن، داوری کردن،
to officially decide who is right in a disagreement and decide what should be done
adjudicate /əˈdʒuːdɪkeɪt/
The owner can appeal to the court to adjudicate on the matter.
The purpose of industrial tribunals[دیوان دادرسی] is to adjudicate disputes between employers and employees
The judge adjudicated that he should be released.
خود را درگیر/مشغول چیزی کردن
to concern oneself with/about something
He didn’t concern himself with the details.
او خود را درگیر جزئیات نمی‌کرد.
It is not necessary for us to concern ourselves with this point.
engross oneself in something
Take your mind off it by engrossing yourself in a good book
درگیر انجام کاری بودن [انجام کاری برای کسی مهم بودن]
be concerned to do something
I was mainly concerned with making something that children could enjoy.
من عمدتاً درگیر درست کردن چیزی بودم که کودکان بتوانند از آن لذت ببرند.
be engrossed in (doing )something
Dad was engrossed in the paper.
Who’s that guy Ally’s been engrossed in conversation with all night?
Dawn was engrossed in stuffing clothes into a bag.
“دان” مشغول چپاندن لباس ها درون یک کیف بود.
.She was engrossed in conversation.
او مجذوب مکالمه شده بود.
ابراز نگرانی کردن
express concern
In her last days the poet expressed concern for her father.
to raise concerns about something
In the meeting, voters raised concerns about health care.
در آن جلسه، رای‌دهندگان نگرانی‌هایی را درباره مراقبت‌های درمانی ابراز کردند.
مایه نگرانی شدن
become a concern (for)
The consumer has become a major concern for this government
به کسی ربط داشتن
to be one's concern Her problems are not my concern. مشکلات او به من ربطی ندارد. This matter is their concern. این مسئله به آنها ربط دارد.
به کسی ربط نداشتن
to be none of one’s concern
How much money I make is none of your concern.
درآمد من به تو ربط ندارد.
بلند گفتن و داد زدن
To shout; speak loudly.
call out
She called out his name but he didn’t look back.
My name was called out several times, but I was unable to hear it
منصفانه رفتار کردن
to act in a fair and honest way
play fair:
It wasn’t really playing fair not to tell her the job was already filled.
to be present and easily seen or noticed
be in evidence /ˈevədəns, ˈevɪdəns/ :
The police are always in evidence at football matches.
باگواهی ثابت کردن
to show that something exists or is true
evidence /ˈevədəns, ˈevɪdəns/
The volcano is still active, as evidenced by the recent eruption.
حرف را پس گرفتن
to take comment/remark back
You should take back your comment.
You’d better take back that remark!
راه را هموار کردن
to perform an action that allows one to proceed, especially in a competition.
punch ticket to
With a win tonight, they will punch their ticket to the tournament.
get way to
نیرو اعمال کردن
exert force on sth
The moon exerts a force on the earth that causes the tides.
ماه نیرویی به زمین اعمال می‌کند که موجب جزرومد می‌شود.
جهیدن پریدن و با چنگال قاپیدن (حیوانات)
to pounce /paʊns/
She watched in fascination as the cat pounced on the mouse.
بازدم کردن نفس بیرون دادن
exhale /eks’heɪl/
.She exhaled the smoke through her nose.
او دود (سیگار) را از بینی‌اش بیرون داد.
استنشاق کردن نفس کشیدن، هوا به ریه فرو بردن
to inhale /ɪnˈheɪl/
He inhaled on another cigarette.
او دود سیگار دیگری را به ریه اش فرو برد.
Lift your arms above your head and inhale as you stretch.
دست هایتان را بالا ببرید و همانطور که کشش را انجام می دهید نفس بکشید.
She closed her eyes and inhaled deeply.
breathe in
ادا/شکلک درآوردن
make faces
he made faces to amuse her.
او ادا در آورد تا او را سرگرم کند.
محرکِ چیزی بودن
be a stimulant to sth/ˈstɪmjələnt/
Increases in new construction would be a stimulant to the economy.
تحریک / تهییج کردن
to encourage or help an activity to begin or develop further
stimulate /ˈstɪmjəleɪt, ˈstɪmjʊleɪt/
Her interest in art was stimulated by her father.
An inspiring teacher can stimulate students to succeed.
An interest rate increase directly stimulates saving and reduces real expenditure
با استادی درست کردن، بامهارت انجام دادن،
to use something, often with a lot of skill
to manipulate /məˈnɪpjəˌleɪt/
The controls on the machine are quite hard to manipulate
ضماد گذاشتن، تسکین دادن
salve
وجدان را آرام کردن
do something to make yourself feel less guilty
salve conscience
He salves his conscience by giving money to charity.
مرهم مالیدن
apply a salve
کسی را به گذشته‌ها بردن/کسی را یاد گذشته انداختن
to take somebody back (to something) That song takes me back 30 years. آن آهنگ سی سال من را به گذشته می‌برد. The smell of the sea took him back to his childhood. بوی دریا او را یاد کودکی‌اش انداخت.
پیاده کردن (ماشین آلات) از هم باز کردن
to take something apart, to pull something to pieces
to dismantle /dɪsˈmæntl/
I had to dismantle the engine in order to repair it.
من مجبور شدم برای تعمیر کردنش (اجزای) موتور را از هم باز کنم.
The dismantling of a nuclear reprocessing plant caused a leak of radioactivity yesterday.
take apart
take down
We took down our tent when it began to rain.
Workmen arrived to take down the scaffolding
to gradually get rid of a system or organization
to dismantle /dɪsˈmæntl/
Big firms like Fiat and Pirelli began dismantling and de-centralizing labour forces.
چیزی را در چیزی آمیختن [چیزی در چیزی ضمیمه شدن]
to incorporate sth in/into/within sth /ɪnˈkɔrpərɪt/
Bob Dylan tried to incorporate what he learned about life and music into the songs he wrote.
“باب دیلن” تلاش کرد چیزهایی را که از زندگی و موسیقی فرا گرفته بود، در ترانه‌هایی که می‌نوشت، بیامیزد.
Suggestions from the survey have been incorporated in the final design.
پیشنهادات بر آمده از نظرسنجی در طراحی نهایی ضمیمه شده بود.
با چیزی همراه بودن
to incorporate something
The program incorporates a powerful graphics tool.
برنامه با یک ابزار گرافیکی قدرتمند همراه است.
(به‌عنوان چیزی) (در/میان چیزی) نقش داشتن
بخشی (از چیزی) بودن
to figure (as something) (in/on/among something)
Do I still figure in your plans?
آیا من هنوز در برنامه‌های تو نقش دارم [آیا من هنوز بخشی از برنامه‌های تو هستم]؟
The question of the peace settlement is likely to figure prominently in the talks.
مسئله توافق‌نامه صلح، احتمالاً نقشی عمده در گفتگوها [مذاکرات] خواهد داشت.
The cost of higher education is expected to figure prominently in all of the parties’ policies this November.
play a part
چیزی را محاسبه کردن
to figure something (at something)
My accountant figured my tax wrong.
حسابدارم مالیاتم را اشتباه محاسبه کرد.
We figured the attendance at 150,000.
ما (میزان) حضور را 150 هزار نفر محاسبه کردیم.
Economists figure that the average snow-mobiler spends about $555 per visit to the Yellowstone area.
قیمت چیزی را کاهش دادن
تخفیف دادن
to reduce the price of something by a particular amount
discount /ˈdɪs.kɑʊnt/
Most of our stock has been discounted by up to 40%.
بیشتر اجناس ما تا 40% تخفیف خورده‌اند.
knock something off:
I’ll knock off £10.
Travel agents are knocking £50, and sometimes £100, off the price of holidays.
he news knocked 13% off the company’s shares.
اخبار 13% از قیمت سهام شرکت را کاهش داد.
They knocked off $60 because of a scratch.
آنها بهخاطر یک خط [خراش] 60$ قیمت را کاهش دادند.
Travel agents are knocking £50, and sometimes £100, off the price of holidays.
wipe off
There was a huge stock market crash which wiped 24 percent off stock prices.
سقوط بزرگی در بازار سهام به وجود آمد که بیست و چهار درصد قیمت سهام را کاهش داد.
بد وانمود کردن، عوضی جلوه دادن
to give someone a false idea about something
belie /bɪˈlaɪ/:
Her pleasant manner belied her true character
The boxer’s childlike face belies the ferocity with which he can attack opponents in the ring.
چهره کودکانه بوکسور (مشت زن)، درنده خویی او که با آن می تواند به حریفان در رینگ [گود] حمله کند را می پوشاند.
Her calm face belied the terror she was feeling
اشتباه بیان کردن - بد جلوه دادن
to misrepresent /ˌmɪsˌreprɪˈzent/
He felt that the book misrepresented his opinions.
او احساس کرد که آن کتاب، نظرات او را اشتباه بیان کرده است.
بالا بردن، بهتر کردن
enhance /ɛnˈhæns/
The election result enhanced the party’s stature.
A number of our clients want to look younger to enhance their career prospects.
تعدادی از مشتریان ما میخواهند جوان‌تر به نظر برسند تا آینده شغلی‌شان را بهتر کنند.
It’s things like this that enhance the quality of life.
مغازه باز کردن
open up a store
I am thinking of opening up a store
سر اصل مطلب رفتن - مستقیما درباره چیزی صحبت کردن
get straight to the point
تکرار کردن (به ویژه آزمایش‌های علمی)
to make or do something again in exactly the same way
replicate /ˈrep.lɪ.keɪt/ :
Researchers tried many times to replicate the original experiment.
produce exact copies of sth
replicate /ˈrep.lɪ.keɪt/ :
The ability of DNA to replicate itself is a consequence of its unique structure
come together in a large group
swarm /swɔːm $ swɔːrm/
During the summer, tourists swarm the little beachside town.
In summer, mosquitoes swarm around that pond.
Photographers were swarming around the princess.
پر، مملو، سرشار از چیزی بودن
swarm with somebody/something :
The museum was swarming with tourists
The garden is swarming with wasps.
Something must be going on - the streets are swarming with police.
teem with sth
The shopping centre was teeming with shoppers that Saturday.
He can remember the days when his neighbourhood was teeming with life.
be infused with sth
Her books are infused with humour and wisdom
be seething (with something) : The cellar was seething with spiders.
be littered with something :
Recent business news has been littered with stories of companies failing.
When the floods subsided, the streets were littered with bodies
The desk was littered with papers
Brim with something /brɪm/
A person who brims with self-confidence can handle such a heavy responsibility.
شخصی که پر از اعتماد به نفس باشد می‌تواند از پس چنین مسئولیت سنگینی بر بیاید.
I was brimming with energy.
پر از انرژی بودم.
My mind is brimming with questions.
ذهنم پر از سوال است.
Be replete with … /rɪˈpliːt/
Aquatic life is replete with the marvels of creation.
حیات زیر آب پر از عجایب خلقت است.
to drip with something
The old lady’s voice dripped with sweetness and affection.
صدای بانوی پیر از شیرینی و محبت چکه می کرد.
bristle with sth /ˈbrɪs.əl/ :
The helicopter hovered above them bristling with machine guns.
از نسل کسی بودن
to be descended from somebody
He claims he is descended from royalty.
او ادعا می‌کند (که) از نسل خانواده سلطنتی است.
فراوان بودن وفور داشتن
to exist in large numbers
abound /əˈbaʊnd/:
Theories abound about how the universe began.
واکنش غضبناک داشتن
to react angrily
bristle /ˈbrɪs.əl/ :
She bristled at the suggestion that she had in any way neglected the child
He bristled at her rudeness.
او به خاطر گستاخی او ناراحت و خشمگین شد.
.His lies made her bristle with rage.
دروغ‌های او باعث شد او ناگهان بسیار خشمگین شود.
افسون / طلسم کردن
cast a spell on /kˈæst ɐ spˈɛl ˈɑːn/
طلسم بودن
be under a spell
The whole town seemed to be under a spell.
Water the young plants carefully during dry spells.
ناپدید شدن از بین رفتن
to gradually become less or weaker before disappearing completely, or to make something do this
dissipate/ˈdɪsəpeɪt, ˈdɪsɪpeɪt/
His anger dissipated as the situation became clear
disappear
disperse
vanish
My keys were here a minute ago but now they’ve vanished
The youngster vanished without a trace one day and has never been found.
Her feelings of shyness rapidly vanished.
She vanished into the mist
The bird vanished from sight.
She seemed to have just vanished into thin air (=suddenly disappeared in a very mysterious way).
هدر دادن تلف کردن
dissipate/ˈdɪsəpeɪt, ˈdɪsɪpeɪt/
As he thought it over, his anger gradually dissipated.
He recalled his dissipated youth spent in nightclubs and bars.
They dissipated their inheritance money in a very short period of time
squander
waste
go down the drain
“the government must stop public money going down the drain”
ارتباط دادن پیوند دادن، مرتبط دانستن
to make a connection in your mind between one thing or person and another
associate somebody/something with something
Most people immediately associate addictions with drugs, alcohol and cigarettes.
بیشتر مردم فوراً اعتیاد را با مواد مخدر، الکل و سیگار پیوند می‌دهند.
connect
link
relate
معاشرت کردن ، وقت گذراندن (با کسی)
to spend time with someone, especially someone that other people disapprove of
associate with:
I don’t like these layabouts you’re associating with.
سپردن و واگذاری کار/منصب/مسئولیت…
to give part of your power or work to someone in a lower position than you
delegate /ˈdeləɡeɪt, ˈdelɪɡeɪt/ :
A good manager knows when to delegate.
It takes experience to judge correctly how much power should be delegated.
Minor tasks should be delegated to your assistant
I was delegated to find a suitable conference venue
کمیت را تعیین/اندازه گیری کردن
quantify /ˈkwɒntəfaɪ, ˈkwɒntɪfaɪ $ ˈkwɑːn-/
The damage caused to the tourist industry is difficult to quantify.
(به چیزی) اشاره کردن
to suggest something in an indirect way, but so that someone can guess your meaning
hint
She hinted at the possibility of a recount of the votes
to give a hint of something
He has given no hint of his views.
او هیچ اشاره‌ای به دیدگاه‌هایش نکرده است.
imply
کسی را به اسارت گرفتن
take the surrender of sb
The division took the surrender of a group of some 500 rebels.
بالا کشیدن برافراشتن
to hoist /hˈɔɪst/
The rebels hoisted the white flag of surrender.
دچار تهوع کردن ، حال کسی را بهم زدن
to nauseate /ˈnɔːzieɪt/
The smell of meat nauseates me.
بوی گوشت حالم را بهم می‌زند.
to make one’s flesh creep
.Having to look at all those surgical photos made my flesh creep.
. نگاه کردن به آن عکس‌های جراحی من را مشمئز کرد.
پا/قدم گذاشتن روی چیزی
set foot on sth
he gave me courage to set foot on that corpse
ناله کردن نالیدن، با آه و ناله گفتن
to groan /groʊn/
He groaned in agony
لولیدن پیچ‌وتاب خوردن، وول خوردن
to squirm skwˈɜːrm/
.He looked uncomfortable and squirmed in his chair
او معذب به نظر می‌رسید و در صندلی‌اش وول می‌خورد.
The baby squirmed when his mother tried to bathe him.
. نوزاد وول خورد، وقتی مادرش سعی کرد او را حمام کند.
The little creature squirmed in its death agonies
کج و کوله شدن در هم کشیدن
to contort /kənˈtɔːrt/
His face was contorted in agony as he tried to lift himself out of the chair
His face contorted with anger.
چهره او از عصبانیت در هم کشیده شد.
زیر لب سخن گفتن من‌من کردن زمزمه کردن
to mumble /ˈmʌmbəl/
She mumbled an apology in an agony of embarrassment
Ricky mumbled his awkward apology.
“ریکی” عذرخواهی ناشیانه خود را زیر لب بیان کرد.
When the witness continued to mumble, the judge asked him to speak up.
وقتی‌که شاهد شروع کرد به مِن‌مِن کردن، قاضی از او خواست که بلندتر حرف بزند.
mutter /ˈmʌtər/
She turned away and muttered something unintelligible.
او رویش را برگرداند و زیر لب چیزی نامفهوم گفت.
He muttered something about the restaurant being too expensive.
او زیر لب چیزی درباره (زیادی) گران بودن رستوران گفت.
خدمت کردن
minister to
I have devoted my life to ministering to the poor
من زندگیم رو وقف کمک به فقرا کردم.
جنون انجام کاری را گرفتن
To be bitten by the bug
He was bitten by the sailing/learning bug.
To catch the bug
He caught the gambling bug.
تغییرجهت دادن
veer
He prevented the debate from veering into politics.
او نگذاشت که بحث به سیاست بکشه.
The conversation veered back to politics.
He veered between calm acceptance and hysterical accusations.
Follow the path and veer left after 400m.
The wind was veering north.
از مسیر خارج شدن
veer off
A tanker driver died when his lorry veered off the motorway.
The plane veered off course.
پشیمان بودن بخاطر چیزی
be filled with remorse for sth
She was filled with remorse for the crime.
عذاب دادن
cause/inflict sb agony
She was causing David a great deal of agony.
با عذاب مردن
die in agony
The soldier died in agony.
کسی را عمدا ناراحت کردن
to deliberately annoy or upset someone
to spite:
The neighbours throw things over the garden wall just to spite us.
wound
I was deeply wounded by his comments
خشم/نفرت/… را سر کسی خالی کردن
vent something on sb (by doing something)
if he’s had a bad day, Paul vents his anger on the family.
اگر روز بدی پشت سر گذاشته باشد، “پل” خشمش را سر خانواده‌اش خالی می‌کند.
I could hear mum venting her frustration by banging the pots noisily.
The meeting gave us a chance to vent our spleen (=anger).
He vented his spite by deducting marks from the students.
با نمره کم کردن از دانش‌آموزان عصبانیتش رو تخلیه کرد.
He vented his spite by deducting marks from the students.
با نمره کم کردن از دانش‌آموزان عصبانیتش رو تخلیه کرد.
Apparently our teacher had a quarrel with his wife and he vented his exasperation on us.
ظاهرا معلم‌مون با زنش دعواش شده بود و عصبانیتش رو روی ما خالی کرد.
give vent to something :
Children give vent to their anger in various ways.
He knew that if he gave full vent to his feelings, it would upset Joanna.
to take it/something out on somebody
OK, so you had a bad day. Don’t take it out on me.
خیلی خوب، حالا یک روز بد داشتی. سر من خالی نکن.
She tended to take her frustrations out on her family.
. او عادت داشت عصبانیتش را سر خانواده‌اش خالی کند.
دق دلی سر کسی خالی کردن
vent spite on sb
He vented his spite on his grandfather
کینه داشتن نسبت به کسی
feel spite (toward sb) I felt no spite towards her.
قطع عضو کردن
to severely and violently damage someone’s body, especially by cutting or removing part of it
mutilate /ˈmjuːtəleɪt, ˈmjuːtɪleɪt/
The prisoners had been tortured and mutilated.
extra protection for mental patients who might mutilate themselves
بداقبال بودن
to be fucked by the fickle finger of fate
I’d like to have some good luck for once, I’m tired of being fucked by the fickle finger of fate.
دوست دارم یک بار هم که شده خوش‌شانس باشم، از بداقبال بودن خسته شدم
منقرض شدن
become extinct :
Dinosaurs became extinct millions of years ago.
If nothing is done to save the whales, they will soon become extinct.
die out
Wolves had died out in much of Europe.
Many of the old childhood diseases have almost died out.
بردن، حمل کردن
to convey /kənˈveɪ/
Your luggage will be conveyed to the hotel by taxi.
مومیایی کردن
to mummify /ˈmʌmɪfaɪ/
با گام‌های بلند راه رفتن
to walk with long steps in a determined, confident, or angry way
stride
(past :strode /strəʊd/ past participle: stridden /ˈstrɪdn/)
He strode toward her.
A man in a suit came striding purposefully into the hall.
march
کم نیاوردن
take something in one’s stride
It’s going to be tough—but I’m sure you’ll take it all in your stride.
سخت خواهد بود - اما مطمئنم تو کم نخواهی آورد.
در فکر چیزی بودن
be thinking of (doing) sth
I am thinking of opening up a store
زنده نگاه داشتن (یاد کسی یا چیزی) - یاد کسی را کردن
to commemorate /kəˈmɛməˌreɪt/
The carpet was specially woven to commemorate the 1,000th anniversary of the cathedral’s foundation
اعتبار دادن ، تایید/پشتیبانی کردن
confirm or give support to (a statement, theory, or finding).
to uphold /ʌpˈhoʊld/ [گذشته: upheld] [گذشته کامل: upheld]
Three judges unanimously upheld the sentence.
The conviction was upheld by the Court of Appeal
It seems likely that the court will uphold his conviction.
corroborate /kəˈrɒbəreɪt/
the witness had corroborated the boy’s account of the attack
We now have new evidence to corroborate the defendant’s story.
Experiments elsewhere corroborate these results.
validate :
All the information used in this report has been validated by an independent panel of experts.
substantiate /səbˈstænʃieɪt/ :
A police investigation failed to substantiate the claim that he had been sexually abused
bear sth out: [گذشته: bore out] [گذشته کامل: borne out]
Most of the available evidence bears out the view that students learn better in small classes.
Marriage is not always easy; a fact that is clearly borne out in divorce statistics.
countenance /ˈkaʊntənəns/
The committee refused to countenance his proposals.
کمیته راضی به تایید پیشنهاد او نشد.
No objection is countenanced. هیچ اعتراضی قبول نیست.
to endorse /ɪnˈdɔːrs/
The Prime Minister is unlikely to endorse this view.
The government has broadly endorsed a research paper proposing new educational targets for 14-year-olds.
The plan does not explicitly endorse the private ownership of land.
The union endorsed the new contract.
give approval to
He gave tacit approval to the plan.
مناسب بودن
fit the bill:
“I’m looking for a fun novel to read on the plane.” “This one should fit the bill.”
to be suitable
با اب شستن، با اب پاک کردن
rinse /rɪns/ Let me just rinse my hands. Leave the shampoo for two minutes, then rinse it off with warm water. I rinsed the mud out under the tap. The cream rinses off easily.
to give sth rinse
I gave my hands a quick rinse
آزاد شدن
become unattached
to break loose
The horse had broken loose from its tether.
اسب از افسارش آزاد شده بود.
A 34-year-old inmate broke loose from the sheriff’s office yesterday.
The woman managed to break loose from her attacker and run for help.
to come loose
The driver had forgotten to fasten the safety chain and the trailer came loose
چیزی را باز کردن
to cut something loose
During the night, somebody had cut the boat loose from its moorings.
در طول شب، یک نفر قایق را از لنگرگاه باز کرده بود.
چیزی را آزاد گذاشتن و ول کردن
to turn/let/set something loose
Don’t let your dog loose on the beach.
سگت را در ساحل آزاد نگذار.
چیزی را فله‌ای فروختن
to sell something loose
The potatoes were sold loose, not in bags.
سیب‌زمینی‌ها فله‌ای فروخته می‌شدند، نه در کیسه.
شل/لق شدن
to come loose
The screw has come loose
خود را از قید و بند(کسی) رها کردن
to free yourself from someone or something, or their influence
cut yourself loose (from something)
He cut himself loose from the constraints of family life
کسی را دست به سر کردن / دک کردن، شر کسی را کم کردن (محاوره ای)
to tell someone who is not wanted that they must leave at once
send someone packing:
After his four years as governor, the voters sent him packing.
I couldn’t stand my roommate anymore, so I sent him packing.
من نمی تونستم هم اتاقیم رو دیگه تحمل کنم، واسه همین دکش کردم.
از ارزش چیزی کاستن
to make something lose value
send something down :
The company’s bad figures sent its share price down
take (something) away from (someone/something)
She did a lot to help people, and no one should ever try to take that away from her.
We made some mistakes, but I don’t want to take anything away from Iowa State — they played a great game.
I don’t want to take away from his achievement, but I think he should have thanked his colleagues for their help.
Wearing that kind of outfit takes away from your dignity and self-respect.
