health Flashcards
صدمه وتکان مغز که منجر به بیهوشی میشود - ضربه مغزی
a small amount of damage to the brain that makes you lose consciousness or feel sick for a short time, usually caused by something hitting your head
concussion /kənˈkʌʃən/
Are you sure you didn’t have a concussion earlier?
مطمئنی سرت به جایی نخورده قبلا؟
خراش
an area on the surface of your skin that has been injured by being rubbed against something hard
scrape
I came away from the accident with only cuts and scrapes
abrasion /əˈbreɪʒən/:
She was treated for cuts and abrasions
خون مردگی ، کبودشدگی
bruise /bruːz/
A bruise had formed below his left eye.
She suffered only minor cuts and bruises
I had a concussion and a lot of scrapes and bruises.
خونریزی مغزی
cerebral hemorrhage /ˈserəbrəl ˈhemərɪdʒ/
He died of a massive cerebral hemorrhage
زخم را بانداژ کردن
swath wound in bandages
The nurse swathed his wounds in bandages.
پرستار زخم های او را باندپیچی کرد.
عفونت
infection
Diabetes predisposes one to infection
دیابت انسان را مستعد عفونت می کند.
اضافه وزن
gain weight
I am predisposed to gain weight
من مستعد اضافه وزن هستم.
به کسی سرم وصل کردن
To put somebody on a drip
رعشه ، لرزه
tremor /ˈtremə $ -ər/
She felt a tremor run down her back when she saw him
He couldn’t control the tremor in his voice
Her expression sent an icy tremor through him
A tremor ran through the audience
An uncontrollable tremor shook his mouth
آرامبخش
tranquilizer /’træŋkwə’laızə/
could I have a prescription for a tranquilizer ?
نشانه های ترک دارو
withˈdrawal symptoms
قاعده شدن
menstruate /ˈmenstrueɪt/
to become ill again after you have seemed to improve
to relapse (into) We were afraid he might relapse into a coma.
عود - بازگشت بیماری
relapse
A wide range of emotionally stressful events may trigger a relapse.
She was looking quite healthy on Friday, but she had/suffered a relapse over the weekend and was taken back into hospital.
بیماری ارثی
hereditary disease /hɪɹˈɛdətˌɛɹi dɪzˈiːz/
موروثی
hereditary /həˈredɪteri/
Epilepsy is hereditary in her family.
صرع در خانواده او موروثی است.
روی فرم آمدن (بدن) به تناسب اندام رسیدن
to get in shape
- He got in shape pretty fast.
- او خیلی سریع به تناسب اندام رسید [روی فرم آمد].
- I’m too skinny, I should get in shape.
- من زیادی لاغر هستم، باید روی فرم بیایم.
احساس سرگیجه داشتن
feel giddy
.When I looked down from the top floor, I felt giddy.
وقتی از بالاترین طبقه به پایین نگاه کردم، دچار سرگیجه شدم [سرم گیج رفت].
سرگیجه
giddiness /ɡˈɪdɪnəs/
dizziness
به نظر ویروس گرفتم
I seem to have caught a virus
آرام بخش
sedative /ˈsedətɪv/
The doctor gave her a mild sedative to help her sleep
کالبد شکافی
autopsy /ˈɔːtɒpsi $ ˈɒːtɑːp-/
The autopsy revealed that he had been poisoned.
They carried out an autopsy on the victim
The autopsy revealed that his murderer had struck him on the head with an iron bar.
سرمازدگی
hypothermia /hˌaɪpoʊθˈɜːmiə/
سقط جنین (خودبه‌خودی)
miscarriage /ˈmɪskærɪdʒ/
Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of miscarriage.
سیگار کشیدن طی بارداری خطر سقط جنین را افزایش می دهد.
درمان ناپذیر
incurable
Patients with incurable illnesses are brought to the hospice, where they are given the best possible care.
پیوند عضو
transplant /trænsˈplænt/ قابل شمارش
It is likely that such a transplant will be rejected in older people.
He is too weak to undergo a transplant operation.
اهدا کننده عضو
transplant donor
A suitable transplant donor has been found
پیوند زدن (عشوی از بدن)
transplant /trænsˈplænt/
Organs are transplanted from donors into patients who need them.
His kidney was transplanted in his daughter.
چرک/عفونت کردن
fester /ˈfestə $ -ər/
The wound became inflamed and festered.
- زخم متورم شد و چرک کرد.
به کما رفتن
go into a coma
سرم
IV (intravenous)
بهیار
paramedic
Paramedics treated the injured at the roadside.
بهیارها فرد مجروح را در کنار جاده معاینه کردند.
دامپزشک
vet
We took the cat to the vet.
پزشک جراح
surgeon /ˈsɜːdʒən $ ˈsɜːr-/
A plastic surgeon successfully rebuilt his nose.
Surgeons removed her right leg above the knee.
عمل جراحی
surgery /ˈsɜːdʒəri $ ˈsɜːr-/
She required surgery on her right knee.
He underwent surgery for lung cancer.
She was in surgery for two hours Thursday
After the accident, she needed extensive plastic surgery to her face
ضربه مغزی شدن
to concuss /kənˈkʌs/
He was concussed by the blast.
به شدت مجروح شدن
To receive a violent blow or injury, especially to the head and as might stun(بیهوش), concuss(ضربه مغزی شدن), or incapacitate
get one’s bell rung
Sean got his bell rung by some guy in the bar last night after insulting his girlfriend.
No wonder you keep getting your bell rung with the way you hassle people.
مقدار تجویز شده دارو
dosage /ˈdəʊsɪdʒ $ ˈdoʊ-/
He was recommended a high dosage of morphine.
The daily dosage is steadily reduced over several
weeks.
Always take the correct dosage.
خراش زخم سطحی
graze /ɡreɪz/ قابل شمارش
She has a graze on her knee.
او یک خراش روی زانویش دارد.
باعث خراش شدن
to graze /ɡreɪz/ He grazed his elbow on a sharp piece of rock. آرنج او با قطعه سنگی تیز خراشیده شد. I fell and grazed my knee. من زمین خوردم و زانویم خراشیده شد.
دچار ایست قلبی شدن
go into cardiac arrest
ویروسی
viral/ˈvaɪərəl $ ˈvaɪrəl/
Flu is a viral infection which can make even the fittest person feel quite ill
زخم - جراحت
wound /wuːnd/
These fish can inflict serious wounds
He died of gunshot wounds to the head.
A nurse cleaned and bandaged the wound.
It took several months for his wounds to heal
Several of the victims suffered severe stab wounds
He was treated in hospital for head wounds.
زخم سطحی
one that does not cut the skin very deeply
flesh wound
The doctor said it was only a flesh wound
زخم چاک خورده
one that is wide and open
gaping wound
a gaping wound on his thigh
Blood spurted from his gaping wounds
کشیدگی عضله
muscle strain
a muscle strain in his neck
پیچ خوردن رگ به رگ شدن
to sprain /spreɪn/
I stumbled and sprained my ankle.
من سکندری خوردم و مچ پایم پیچ خورد.
برآمدگی (در اثر ضربه) قلمبه‌شدگی (در اثر ضربه)
an area of skin that is swollen because you have hit it against something
bump /bʌmp/ :
I have a bump on my head.
How did you get that bump on your head?
زخم عمیق
a long deep cut
gash /ɡæʃ/ :
He had a deep gash across his forehead
He needed an operation to close a nasty gash in his arm.
او برای بستن یک زخم عمیق ناجور در دستش به عمل جراحی نیاز داشت.
کبودی
a dark mark on your skin that you get when you fall or get hit
bruise :
Jack often comes home from playing rugby covered in bruises
His arms and back were covered in bruises.
دست‌ها و پشت او پر از [پوشیده از] کبودی بود.
a huge bruise over his eye
خراش
graze /ɡreɪz/
She has a graze on her knee.
او یک خراش روی زانویش دارد.
خراشیده شدن خراشیدن
to graze /ɡreɪz/ He grazed his elbow on a sharp piece of rock. آرنج او با قطعه سنگی تیز خراشیده شد. I fell and grazed my knee. من زمین خوردم و زانویم خراشیده شد.
scrape
She fell and scraped her knee.
او زمین خورد و زانویش خراشیده شد.
شکستن ترک خوردن، ترک برداشتن
to damage a bone, especially so that a line appears on the surface
fracture : I fell over and fractured my wrist His leg fractured in two places. پای او در دو جا شکست. She fell and fractured her skull. او زمین خورد و جمجمه اش ترک برداشت.
خون مردگی، کبودشدگی گوشت از کوفتگی
Ecchymosis [ɛkɪ’mǝʊsɪs]
کالبدشکافی
dissection
autopsy
کالبدشکافی کردن
to perform an autopsy
نطفه، منی
the liquid containing sperm that is produced by the male sex organs in humans and animals
semen /ˈsiːmən/
Maxwell recounted the discovery of apparent semen stains on the body after it had been taken in for autopsy [کالبد شکافی].
دچار ضربه مغزی شده
concussed
پزشک متخصص اطفال
Pediatrician /ˌpiːdiəˈtrɪʃən/
تب داشتن
run a fever
After my toddler was lethargic all day, I begin to worry that she was running a fever.
درمانگاه، بهداری
dispensary /dɪˈspensəri/
Other Volunteers carried out projects in hospitals or rural dispensaries.
a small flat sweet which you suck to make your throat feel better
lozenge /ˈlɒz.ɪndʒ/ US /ˈlɑː.zəndʒ/
داروساز
Chemist
شربت
syrup /ˈsɪrəp $ ˈsɜː-, ˈsɪ-/ (sirup)
(به چیزی) آلرژی/حساسیت داشتن
be allergic to
if you aren’t allergic to any medicine then you’ll be fine with this.
He is allergic to peanuts.
او به بادام زمینی حساسیت دارد.
I like cats but unfortunately I’m allergic to them.
من گربه‌ها را دوست دارم اما متاسفانه به آنها آلرژی دارم.
نسخه
prescription
If you’re pregnant, you can get free prescriptions
Would you like to wait while the pharmacist makes up your prescription?
Some drugs are only available on prescription.
She gave him a prescription for antibiotics.
I’ll write you a prescription for some skin cream.
نمره عینک
eyeglass prescription
عینک طبی
prescription glasses
get the drugs a doctor has written that you need
fill a prescription
I got the prescription filled on the way home
to not become weaker
hold up:
His physical condition has held up well.
واکسینه شدن
Get vaccinated
Given the dire situation, everyone must get vaccinated.
با توجه به این وضعیت حاد همه باید واکیسنه شوند.
Have you got the vaccine?
واکسن زدی؟
ایمنی
Immunity /ɪˈmjuːnɪti/(noun)
There is no gainsaying the fact that the vaccine can boost immunity against the virus.
هیچ کسی منکر این نیست که واکسن می‌تواند ایمنی را در برابر ویروس افزیش دهد.
آزمایش بالینی
clinical trial /ˈklɪnɪkəl ˈtraɪəl/
All vaccines have undergone rigorous clinical trial.
همه‌ی واکسن‌ها موشکافانه و دقیق آزمایش بالینی شده‌اند.
بهبود پیدا کردن (از چیزی)
to become well again after an illness/very upsetting experience
get over something :
She never got over the death of her son
It’s taken me ages to get over the flu
اختلال روانی
mental disorder
Your obsession borders on a mental disorder.
وسواس شما دست کمی از اختلال روانی نداره.
دوران نقاهت
Convalescence period /kɒnvəˈlesəns/
Higher age prolongs the convalescence period.
سن بالا دوران نقاهت رو طولانی می‌کند.
دچار یبوست شده
constipated /ˈkɑːnstɪpeɪtɪd/
You should eat more fiber and fruit if you are constipated.
اگر دچار یبوست شده‌اید باید فیبر و میوه بیشتر بخورید.
یبوست
constipation /ˌkɒnt.stɪˈpeɪ.ʃən/ US /ˌkɑːnt-/
سهل‌انگاری پزشکی
Medical negligence
Medical negligence could have contributed to her death.
. سهل‌انگاری پزشکی می‌توانست در مرگ او نقش داشته باشد [موجب مرگ او شود].
تف بزاق، آب دهان
spittle قابل شمارش
معتاد شدن
get hooked on /gɛt hʊkt ɑn/
Jenny is hooked on cocaine.
جنی معتاد به کوکائین شده است.
to make yourself ill by getting too cold
catch/get pneumonia INFORMAL:
She’ll catch pneumonia going out without a coat in this weather!
مطالعه اثرات داروها و شیوه‌های درمانی جدید
clinical trial /ˈklɪnəkəl ˈtraɪəl/
a new drug that is undergoing clinical trials
به شدت سرما خوردن
take/catch one’s death [of cold]
The little boy was told to be careful in the rain, or he would catch his death.
به پسربچه گفته شده بود که زیر باران مراقب خودش باشد، وگرنه سرمای وحشتناکی خواهد خورد.
بیماری همه‌گیر
epidemic /ˌepəˈdemɪk◂/
All of the schools in the city were closed during the epidemic.
همه مدارس شهر در طول همه‌گیری بیماری بسته بودند.
During the epidemic we were forbidden to drink water unless it had been boiled.
طی شیوع بیماری، نوشیدن آب برایمان ممنوع بود مگر آنکه جوشیده شده بود.
A typhus epidemic struck in the winter of 1919
دید نزدیک‌بین
nearsighted vision
The glasses that Irma bought corrected her nearsighted vision.
عینکی که “ایرما” خرید دید نزدیک‌بینش را خوب کرد.
دید از اجسام دور
distance vision
I can read without glasses, but my distance vision is poor.
واگیر
describes a dangerous disease or poison which very quickly spreads or has an effect
virulent /ˈvɪrjələnt/ :
A particularly virulent strain of flu has recently claimed a number of lives in the US.
the danger and speed of spreading of a disease
virulence /ˈvɪr.jʊ.lənts/:
The virulence of the disease is causing great concern in medical circles.
بیمار به نظر رسیدن به نظر ناخوش آمدن
look green around the gills
What’s wrong with you today? You look green around the gills.
امروز چت شده؟ بیمار به نظر می‌رسی [به نظر ناخوش می‌آیی].
تزریق
jab
Did you have a flu jab this year?
injection
خون مردگی، (طب) کوفتگی،
contusion /kənˈtjuːʒən $ -ˈtuː-/
Death was due to fractures of the skull and severe cerebral contusion
بخیه
stitch /stɪtʃ/ قابل شمارش
I had six stitches in my foot after the accident.
بعد از تصادف به پایم شش تا بخیه زدند.
I’m getting my stitches out today.
بخیه زدن
sew up
A nurse will come and sew up that wound for you
stitch up
you should go to the hospital and get your hand stitched up
to put stitch
Surgeons had to put three stitches in a deep wound in his shoulder
patch up
We patched up the wounded as best we could.
ستون فقرات، مهره های پشت
spine
She injured her spine in a riding accident.
آرامبخش زدن داروی مسکن دادن، داروی خواب‌آور دادن
to sedate /sɪˈdeɪt/
The vet sedated the horse before examining it.
دامپزشک قبل از معاینه، به اسب آرامبخش زد.
tranquilize
داروی آرامبخش داروی مسکن
sedative /ˈsed.ə.tɪv/
The doctor gave her a mild sedative to help her sleep
پانسمان
dressing
Clean the wound and put on a fresh dressing.
The nurse came to change his dressing
تسکین پیدا کردن
ease (away)
The pain in my leg gradually eased away.
ترک (الکل،مواد مخدر)
withdrawal
drug withdrawal
She was still suffering withdrawal from nicotine
I got withdrawal symptoms after giving up smoking.
من بعد از ترک سیگار علایم ترک اعتیاد داشتم.
داخلی
visceral /ˈvɪsərəl/
the visceral nervous system
شکم دل و روده
gut
He felt a terrible pain in his gut.
او درد شدیدی در شکمش احساس کرد.
There were blood and guts all over the place
It can take 72 hours for food to pass through the gut
He felt as if someone had just kicked him in the gut
Phil has a huge beer gut (=unattractive fat stomach caused by drinking too much beer).
I had a terrible pain in my guts after eating too many plumsآلو.
stomach
تاول
blister /ˈblɪstər/ قابل شمارش
These shoes have given me blisters on my heels.
آن کفش‌ها باعث شده پاشنه پایم تاول بزند.
تاول زدن
to blister
زیر تیغ جراحی رفتن عمل کردن
go under the knife
His wife went under the knife at the hospital last evening.
زن او دیشب زیر تیغ جراحی رفت.
to treat a part of the body, using the hands to push back bones into the correct position and put pressure on muscles
manipulate /məˈnɪp·jəˌleɪt/:
The doctor manipulated the base of my spine and the pain disappeared completely.
نازایی ناباروری
infertility /ɪnfɜːtˈɪlɪɾi/
There are many possible causes of infertility in women.
عفونی واگیردار، مسری
infectious /ɪnˈfekʃəs/
Flu is highly infectious.
آنفولانزا به شدت مسری است.
عفونت آلودگی
infection /ɪnˈfek.ʃən/ غیرقابل شمارش
بیمار کردن آلوده کردن
to infect /ɪnˈfekt/
It is not possible to infect another person through kissing.
ممکن نیست که از طریق بوسیدن، فرد دیگری را بیمار کرد.
نابارور عقیم
Poor farmers have little option but to try to grow food on these infertile soils.
infertile /ɪnˈfɜːtaɪl $ -ˈfɜːrtl/
It has been estimated that one in eight couples is infertile
سرحال شدن (بعد از بیماری، مشکل) - دوباره انرژی به دست آوردن
to bounce back
He’s had a lot of problems, but he always seems to bounce back pretty quickly.
او مشکلات زیادی داشته اما همیشه به نظر می‌رسد خیلی سریع دوباره انرژی به دست می‌آورد.
recover
نهفته داشتن ویروس در بدن
to incubate /ˈɪŋkjubeɪt/
The source of infection may be a person who is incubating an infectious disease.
منشأ عفونت ممکن است فردی باشد که در بدن خود یک (ویروس) بیماری عفونی داشته باشد.
گرمازدگی
a serious heat illness because of being too long in hot weather.
heat stroke (sun stroke) It’s often boiling hot in my city in the summer and a lot of people suffer from heat stroke.
فروکش کردن (درد)
to recede /rɪˈsiːd/
The pain was receding slightly.
درد داشت به‌آرامی فروکش می‌کرد.
سکته
an illness in your brain which causes you to suddenly lose your ability to move or think
stroke
پرستاری کردن
to give help to someone who needs it, especially someone who is sick or old
minister to somebody/something :
She spent much time ministering to the sick.
I spent most of the morning ministering to my sick husband.
من بیشتر صبح را صرف پرستاری از شوهر بیمارم کردم.
جراحی زیبایی انجام دادن
perform cosmetic surgery
نسخه پیچیدن
to dispense a prescription
قطع عضو مثله
mutilation /mjuːtɪˈleɪʃn/
He admitted to the murder and mutilation of 16 young men.
قطع عضو کردن اخته کردن، (اندام چیزی را) بریدن و ناقص کردن مثله کردن
to mutilate
جراحی زیبایی
cosmetic surgery
She is obsessed with her appearance. She has undergone several cosmetic surgeries.
فکر و ذکرش ظاهرش شده. چندین بار جراحی زیبایی کرده.
She views cosmetic surgery as unwarranted mutilation of the body.
نقص/اختلال در کاردکرد
a condition in which a part of a person’s mind or body is damaged or does not work well
impairment /ɪmˈper.mənt/
Renal impairment needs to be treated urgently
نقص کلیه باید فوری درمان شود
The law bans discrimination against anyone with a mental or physical impairment.
به شدت مجروح شدن
To receive a violent blow or injury, especially to the head and as might stun(بیهوش), concuss(ضربه مغزی شدن), or incapacitate
get one’s bell rung
Sean got his bell rung by some guy in the bar last night after insulting his girlfriend.
No wonder you keep getting your bell rung with the way you hassle people.
راه رفتن روی پا
walk on feet
it seems something bad has happened to my feet.I can’t walk on them
در رفتن(استخوان از مفصل)
put out
I put out my arm playing basketball
کش آمدن عضله
pull a muscle
I must have pulled a muscle
حتما یه عضله ام کش اومده
تبخال
cold sore
چشم های خون افتاده - چشم های قرمز شده
sore eyes /sɔr aɪz/
گلودرد
sore throat /sɔr θroʊt/ قابل شمارش
She has a sore throat and a fever.
او گلودرد و تب دارد.
I had a sore throat and aching limbs.
یبوست دادن، خشکی اوردن
constipate [‘kɒnstɪpeɪt]
یبوست
constipation /ˌkɒnstəˈpeɪʃən, ˌkɒnstɪˈpeɪʃən $ ˌkɑːn-/
اسهال
diarrhea :
The main symptoms are diarrhoea and vomiting.
Some dairy products can cause diarrhoea.
پارگی، زخم عمیق
Laceration /ˌlæsəˈreɪʃn̩/
He has a laceration on his right forearm.
The body showed signs of laceration and bruising.
