economy Flashcards
فیش واریزی
deposit slip
سود سهام
dividend /ˈdɪvɪdend/
As director and principal shareholder, he receives a substantial annual dividend from the company.
او به عنوان مدیر و سهامدار اصلی سود سالانه قابل توجهی از شرکت دریافت می کند.
بدهی را پرداخت کردن
to discharge the liability
Don’t expect me to discharge your liabilities
تعهد مالی
liability
The business has liabilities of 2 million euros.
financial obligation
to increase something such as a rent or price, especially by an amount that is considered to be too much
rack up
Our landlord racked up the rent by 15% this year.
بدهی بالا آوردن
rack up debt
their company imploded under the weight of debts it had racked up
شرکتشون زیر بدهی ای که بالا آورده بود از هم پاشید
مخارج را تا ۵۰ درصد کاهش دادن
Trim the costs by fifty percent
مصرف روزانه
daily intake
مصرف روزانه چربیتو بیار پایین.
Reduce your daily fat intake.
چیزی را به کسی انداختن
To discard something unwanted by giving or selling it to one (under the pretense of it being something else).
palm (something) off (on sb) (as something else)
داشت خونه شو به ما می نداخت. سقفش پر از عنکبوت بود.
He was trying to palm his house off on us. Its cellar was seething with spiders.
There are always guys palming off cheap watches as Rolexes in this part of town.
ما تصمیم گرفتیم که دیگه تو شرکت شما سرمایه گذاری نکنیم.
We have decided to pull the plug on any further investment in your firm.
استطاعت مالی
financial wherewithal /ˈweəwɪðɔːl $ ˈwerwɪðɒːl/
I don’t have the financial wherewithal to go on a pilgrimage to Mecca
استطاعت مالی ش رو ندارم که برم حج
خط فقر
the condition of only just having enough money or food to stay alive:
subsistence level
Many of the families are forced to live at the subsistence level.
مبلغ سرمایه گذاری شده ، هزینه
the amount of money that you have to spend in order to start a new business, activity etc
outlay
For a relatively small outlay, you can start a home hairdressing business
House buyers usually have a large initial outlay on carpets and furniture
The revenue from the farm could repay the initial outlay within three years.
The project would require little financial outlay.
عایدی ، درامد ، سود
revenue /ˈrevənjuː, ˈrevɪnjuː $ -nuː/
These television companies rely on advertising revenue for their funds.
The project will not generate any revenue until 2010.
Their government’s revenues come mainly from direct taxes.
Tourism is the island’s main source of revenue.
takings /ˈteɪkɪŋz/
The box office takings are up on last week.
درآمد گیشه هفته ی گذشته بالا بوده است.
money that the government receives from tax:
revenue /ˈrevənjuː, ˈrevɪnjuː $ -nuː/
an increase in tax revenues of 8.4%
The central government collects the tax revenue on behalf of local authorities.
فرار مالیاتی
Tax fraud
Tax fraud costs the country millions in lost revenue.
to get back money that you have spent or lost in business
recuperate /rɪˈkjuːpəreɪt, -ˈkuː-/
we must recuperate the damage incurred as soon as possible
We should join hands to recuperate the lost capital.
باید دست به دست هم بدیم و سرمایه از دست رفته رو جبران کنیم.
I don’t think we will be able to recuperate all our outlay.
خرج روی دست کسی گذاشتن
incur expenses for sb
They incurred huge expenses for the firm.
آنها کلی خرج رو دست شرکت گذاشتند.
بدهی بالا آوردن
incur debts
He fled the country after incurring huge debts.
بعد از اینکه کلی قرض بالا آورد از کشور فرار کرد.
از زیر بدهی در آمدن
out of the red
This year our company is likely to get out of the red before fall.
امسال شرکت ما احتمالا قبل از پاییز از بدهکاری در می آید.
the total amount of money that a company has made or lost over a particular period of time.
bottom line
These small promotions were costly and they did nothing to increase his bottom line
What is the bottom line for this quarter?
to increase in price, or to make something increase in price
to inflate prices /ɪnˈfleɪt/
Hotels often inflate prices at particular times of the year.
پس انداز کردن
to keep money so that you can buy something with it in the future
save (sth) up :
It took me ages to save up enough money to go travelling.
She’s saving up for a new bike.
بدهکار شدن
To come to be in a position of owing money to someone or something (such as a bank or other lending institution).
get into debt
If you spend more with your credit cards than you can reasonably pay off, you’ll get into debt before you know it.
مبلغی قیمت داشتن
to have a value in money:
be worth something
- My house now is worth double what I paid for it.
- در حال حاضر خانه من دو برابر چیزی [مبلغی] که من برایش پرداختم، قیمت دارد.
- Our house is worth about £100 000.
- خانه ما حدودا 100000 پوند قیمت دارد.
a large amount of money that someone borrows from a bank or company to buy a house:
mortgage /ˈmɔːɡɪdʒ $ ˈmɔːr-/
Your building society or bank will help arrange a mortgage.
They’ve taken out(=borrow money to buy a house) a 30-year mortgage (=they will pay for their house over a period of 30 years).
We decided to use Fred’s redundancy money to pay off the mortgage (=pay back all the money we borrowed for a mortgage).
Mortgage rates are set to rise again in the spring.
She was having trouble meeting her mortgage payments.
They were struggling to keep up with their mortgage repayments.
He fell behind with the mortgage(=be unable to pay enough money each month) when he lost his job
I couldn’t get a mortgage on the property.
گرو گذاشتن ، رهن گذاشتن
to mortgage /ˈmɔːɡɪdʒ $ ˈmɔːr-/
We mortgaged our house to start Paul’s business
فک رهن کردن، از گرو در آوردن
to redeem
There are penalties if you want to redeem your mortgage early
My family was relieved to hear that the mortgage had been redeemed.
(اعضای) خانواده‌ام وقتی شنیدند که وثیقه از گرو آزاد شده است، خیالشان راحت شد.
The property on which money has been lent is redeemed when the loan is paid back.
ملکی که بر مبنای (روی آن) پول قرض داده شده است، پس از باز پرداخت وام، فک رهن می‌شود.
دست تنگ بودن
having little or no money at the moment
be strapped (for cash) Can you lend me ten dollars? I’m a little strapped for cash.
the amount of money that you owe to bank when you have spent more money than you had in your account
overdraft
I left university with no job and a big overdraft.
20% of the bank’s customers regularly use their overdraft facility.
You have to pay a fee for unauthorized overdrafts
an arrangement with a shop or bank that allows you to buy something and pay for it later
credit [uncountable] :
We bought the furniture on credit.
He had a credit limit of £7,000
an amount of money that a person or organization owes
debt
The company now has debts of almost £2 million.
A lot of the money went towards paying his debts.
The family were $100,000 in debt (=they owed $100,000).
an amount of money that is borrowed, especially from a bank or company, which you agree to pay back by the end of a period of time
loan
We took out a loan to buy a new car.
He is paying back a $50,000 loan.
the sum of your assets, for example the value of your house, once your debts have been subtracted from it
equity /ˈek.wɪ.ti/
He sold his equity in the company last year.
The rights give holders the opportunity to purchase additional equity interests in the company at a big discount.
سهامی عام شدن
go public
In order to prevent future loses, we have to let the shares go public.
برای اینکه جلوی ضررهای آینده را بگیریم، باید بگذاریم سهام ها سهامی عام شود.
to receive money from sales.
take in money
The show took in $100,000 over this weekend alone.
We were able to take in a lot of money at the charity auction.
تولید ناخالص داخلی
gross domestic product قابل شمارش
سود ناخالص حاشیه سود
gross margin قابل شمارش
gross profit قابل شمارش
نزولخوار
pawn broker
تحریم
sanction
Some companies have broken sanctions by supplying arms to the warring (درگیر جنگ) states.
The company is in breach of a sanctions order.
UN called for sanctions against the invading country.
ورشکسته شدن
go bankrupt
It’s the latest Internet company to go public and then immediately go bankrupt.
ریاضت اقتصادی
economic sacrifice
The minister stressed the need for economic sacrifice.
بیت المال
public funds
They misappropriate public funds without a qualm.
آنها بدون هیچ ابایی بیت المال را حیف و میل می‌کنند.
to be extremely rich
be rolling in money:
If they can afford a yacht, they must be rolling in it.
اضافه‌برداشت - چک بی‌محل
overdraft /ˈoʊvərdræft/
I had to arrange an overdraft to pay for the car.
من مجبور شدم برای خرید ماشین چک بی‌محل امضا کنم.
The savings account has no overdraft facility.
حساب‌های پس‌انداز تسهیلات اضافه برداشت ندارد.
تسویه کردن (به‌طور کامل) پرداخت کردن صاف کردن
to give someone all the money you owe them
to pay off [گذشته: paid off] [گذشته کامل: paid off]:
I’ll pay off all my debts first.
He finally paid his overdraft off.
مالیات بستن بر
to impose/levy excise on sth /ɪkˈsaɪz/
the excise levied on beer and tobacco
قسط
one of a series of regular payments that you make until you have paid all the money you owe
installment :
She’s paying for her new car in monthly installments They’re letting me pay for the washing machine by monthly installments.
The next installment is not due until July.
We offer an installment plan.
The amounts are repayable by installment
a loan repaid in equal annual installments
She sold the car before she had paid the installments
دیون/بدهی های معوقه
money that is owed and should already have been paid
arrears
The tenants agreed to pay off the arrears in installments.
He ran into difficulties with his mortgage, building up more than £18,000 arrears.
The government is committed to the full and timely payment of its public debt and arrears.
کاهش بودجه
budget squeeze/crunch /ˈbʌʤɪt skwiz/
The budget squeeze hasn’t affect us yet.
کاهش بودجه هنوز تاثیری روی ما تاثیری نگذاشته است.
توسعه اقتصادی
economic expansion /ˌekəˈnɒmɪk ɪkˈspænʃən/
الگوی مصرف
consumption pattern
دارایی - سرمایه
asset /ˈæset/
The company’s net assets are worth millions.
He transferred all his assets into his wife’s name
Net assets have grown to $169 million.
The courts can order a company’s assets to be frozen
دارایی نقدی
Liquid assets
Liquid assets can be sold more quickly
دارایی سرمایه ای، دارایی که برای دراز مدت سرمایه گذاری شده
capital assets
The business disposed of all its capital assets.
سلب مالکیت از دارایی
asset stripping
measures to prevent asset stripping
پول خُرد
loose change
ریاضت اقتصادی
difficult economic conditions created by government measures to reduce public expenditure.
austerity /ɒˈstɛrɪti,ɔːˈstɛrɪti/
Greece must implement austerity measures in order to receive the loan from the European Union
The government could afford a slight relaxation of its austerity
a time of great austerity after the war
Russians have faced years of austerity after communism’s fall.
the austerities of post-communist Eastern Europe
a way of protecting oneself against financial loss or other adverse circumstances.
hedge /hɛdʒ/
Buying a house will be a hedge against inflation
دفتر کل (حسابداری)
ledger
I’ll have to check the entries in the ledger.
قسط
installment
He organized a sales ledger which offered a credit account to naval customers, and even encouraged payment by instalment
