Verbal and Non-Verbal Communication (MT-N) Flashcards
What are the 2 fundamentals of language?
Utterance and Turn-Taking
Refers to words or statements
Utterances
Refers to the exchange of words among/between communications
Turn-taking
Refers to a collection of words and expressions
Lexicon
Refers to the sounds used to pronounce words
Phonology
Refers to the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences
Grammar and syntax
Refers to a language that people speak in their homes; can be a person’s first language
Dialect
Refers to our own distinctive utterances which involve our own lexicons, phonology, grammar, and syntax
Idiolects
Language is _______:
Words used to represent things in any language are essentially the same
Arbitrary
What is a chair called in the Japanese and Korean language?
“isu” - Japan
“uija”- Korea
What is a book called in the Arabic and Hindi language?
“kitab” - Arabic
“pushtak” - Hindi
Language is _______:
Not concrete and non-figurative descriptions used for the same entity
Abstract
Language does _______:
Words that existed before are not spoken anymore today and vice versa
Change Overtime
Refers to the meaning of language
Semantics
Refers to the explicit and literal meaning of a word from the dictionary
Denotation
Refers to the implicit and additional meaning associated with a word
Connotation
Refers to the conversational context of a word
Pragmatics
Refers to how we speak to imply what the listener should do
Speech Acts
Sound Production:
The vocalization assistance
Breathing
Sound Production:
Refers to voice production (due to the vibration of vocal cords)
Phonation
Sound Production:
Refers to amplifying and modifying the voice to make it more developed
Resonation
Sound Production:
Refers to producing specific sounds for clarity with the help of speech organs
Articulation
“Articulators” are also known as?
Speech organs
Speech Rhythm:
Used when we identify main words to highlight/emphasize
Stress
Speech Rhythm:
Refers to delivering the pitch (rise and fall of speaking) up and down
Intonation
Speech Rhythm:
Refers to the breaking/division of utterances into thought units according to one’s thoughts and expressions
Phrasing
The Voice:
The physical act of creating words through the speech articulators
Articulation
The Voice:
Refers to the correct manner of producing the words
Pronouncing
The Voice:
Refers to the unique way of pronouncing a language; distinct emphasis given to a syllable or word
Accent
Refers to being lively and dynamic in speaking
Animated
Refers to the way a speaker delivers a message through words and how they express them by changing pitches, volume, rate, stress, and using pauses strategically
Vocal expression
Refers to having the same level of tone, pitch, volume, speed, and pauses
Monotone
This helps a speaker to breathe and think of ideas first before they send another message
Pauses
These are cues we send with our body, voice, space, time, and appearance to support, modify, contradict, or even replace a verbal message
Non-verbal messages
Characteristics of Non-Verbal Messages:
Refers to being unavoidable
Inevitable
T or F: Non-verbal communication is a secondary conveyor of emotion
False (primary)
Characteristics of Non-Verbal Messages:
Refers to the how it can be transported in different ways
Multi-channeled
Characteristics of Non-Verbal Messages:
Refers to being vague and unclear
Ambiguous
Types of Non-Verbal Communication:
Refers to the use of the body (gestures, eye contact, facial expression, posture, and touch)
Kinesics
Types of Non-Verbal Communication:
Refers to the use of the voice (pitch, volume, rate, quality, intonation, and vocalized pauses)
Paralanguage
Types of Non-Verbal Communication:
Refers to the use of space and distance
Proxemics
Type of Proxemics:
Refers to closeness up to 18 inches (e.g. close communication with a loved one)
Intimate
Type of Proxemics:
Refers to closeness up to 18-48 inches (e.g. talking to professors, classmates, friends)
Personal
Type of Proxemics:
Refers to closeness up to 48 inches to 12 feet (e.g. talking to or being close to strangers)
Social
Type of Proxemics:
Refers to closeness greater than 12 feet (e.g. standing away from people when giving a speech)
Public
Types of Non-Verbal Communication:
Refers to the use of time and how we interpret it
Chronemics
Types of Non-Verbal Communication:
Refers to the way we dress up and the ornaments we wear (e.g. tattoos and jewelries) can convey our personalities, attitude, profession, culture, and who we are in general
Personal Appearance
