FOUNDATIONS IN COMMUNICATION Flashcards
A complex process through which we
express, interpret, and coordinate messages
with others.
communication
Are verbal utterance, visual images, and
nonverbal behaviors used to convey thoughts
and feelings.
messages
We refer to the process of creating messages
as encoding in the process of interpreting
them as decoding.
messages
process of creating messages
encode
process of interpreting messages
decode
is a response message that
indicate how the initial message was
interpreted.
feedback
is a “mental library” of scripts
each of us draws from to create messages
based on what worked for us or others in the
past.
canned plan
is an actual text of what to say and
do in a specific situation.
script
HOW WE COMMUNICATE WITH:
With ourselves
Ø With other
Ø In a group
Ø To the public
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION/ COMMUNICATION
SETTTING
Intrapersonal
Interpersonal
Small-group Communication
Public Communication
Mass Communication
Developmental Communication
Organizational Communication
It also affects how we form and interpret
messages.
communication settings
It differs based on the number of participants and
the level of formality in the interactions.
communication settings
Refers to the interactions that occur in our minds
when we are talking to ourselves.
intrapersonal
Mental activity which can help you assess
yourself.
intrapersonal
communicating within
intrapersonal
An informal interaction between two people who
have an identifiable relationship with each other.
interpersonal
“inter” means?
across
Face to face communication with one or two
people.
interpersonal
Typically involves 3-20 people who come
together to communicate with one another.
small-group communication
Delivered to audiences of more than 20 people.
public communication
Delivered by individuals and entities through
mass media to large segments of the population
at the same time.
mass communication
Its purpose is to gather and discuss things for
improvement/development in a certain
place/community/country.
developmental communication
Its purpose is to boost economic and political
system within the region.
developmental communication
refers to the forms and channels of
communication among members of
organizations such as corporations, nonprofits or
small businesses.
organizational communication
flows from the
managerial and executive levels to the staff
through formal channels such as policy manuals,
rules and regulations and organizational charts.
downward communication
Its initiated by staff and
directed at executives; it frequently takes the
form of a complaint or a request.
upward communication
occurs when
colleagues meet to discuss issues of common
interest, resolve problems and share
information.
horizontal communication
communicates within the department or same
rank/level.
Horizontal/Lateral Communication
communicates with the top management level
without proper channeling who is the next in line
or checking the hierarchy.
Crosswise/Diagonal Communication
is what we do when we encode
a message.
message production
is what we do when we
decode a message.
message interpretation
consists of the behavioral
adjustments each participant makes in an attempt to
create a shared meaning.
Interaction Coordination
occurs when the receiver’s
interpretation is similar to what the speaker intended.
Shared meaning
are both the route traveled by the message
and the means of transportation.
channels
Different Channels:
Social media platform,
Online
Conference,
Face-to-face Conversations,
Text, Messages,
Handwritten messages/mails, and
Non-verbal cues.
mode to transmit message
emoticons and acronyms
refers to how much and what kind of
information can be transmitted via a particular
channel.
media richness
is the richest channel because we can hear the verbal messages content and observe the
nonverbal cues to interpret its meaning.
face-to-face
is the extent to which a channel allows
for immediate feedback.
Synchronicity
also referred to as noise, is any
stimulus that interferes with the process of achieving
shared meaning.
interference
Noise can be physical or psychological. true or false
true
5 Charateristics of communication
Communication is CONTINUOUS
Communication is IRREVERSIBLE
Communication is SITUATED
Communication is INDEXICAL
Communication MESSAGES VARY IN
CONCIOUS THOUGHT
Communication is GUIDED by CULTURAL
NORMS
(hindi ba 6)
IDENTIFY WHAT CHARACTERISTICS OF COMMUNICATION:
- We communicate to develop and maintain our
sense of self. - We communicate to meet our social needs.
- We communicate to develop and maintain
relationships. - We communicate to exchange information.
- We communicate to influence others.
Communication has a PURPOSE
IDENTIFY WHAT CHARACTERISTICS OF COMMUNICATION:
It does not stop with speaking.
We are always sending an interpreting message. Even
silence communicates if another person infers
meaning from it
Communication is CONTINUOUS
IDENTIFY WHAT CHARACTERISTICS OF COMMUNICATION:
Once an exchange takes place, we can never go back in time and erase the communication. We might be able to repair the damage we have done, but the message has been communicated.
Communication is IRREVERSIBLE
It occurs within a specific setting that affects how the
messages are produced, interpreted, and
coordinated.
Communication is SITUATED
IDENTIFY WHAT CHARACTERISTICS OF COMMUNICATION:
It reveals the status of our relationships.
How we communicate is also an index or measure of the emotional temperature of our relationship at the
time.
Communication is INDEXICAL
is the extent to which partners believe they can
rely on, depend on, and have faith in their partners.
Trust
is the extent to which partners believe
themselves to be “in charge” in the relationship.
Control
feedback that signals agreement about
who is in control.
Complementary feedback
feedback that signals
disagreement.
Symmetrical feedback
is the degree of emotional closeness in a
relationship
Intimacy
Communication MESSAGES VARY IN CONCIOUS THOUGHT
(T or F)
True
Our messages does not occur spontaneously, be based on a “script”, or be carefully constructed.
(T or F)
False
Our messages MAY OCCUR spontaneously, be based on a “script”, or be carefully constructed
are spoken without
much conscious thought. Some messages are
scripted and drawn from our canned planned libraries.
Spontaneous expressions
are formed carefully and
thoughtfully when our known scripts are inadequate
for the situation.
Constructed messages
Communication is GUIDED by CULTURAL
NORMS
(T or F)
Tru akla
may be defined as a system of shared
beliefs, values, symbols, and behaviors.
Culture
An aspect/context in communication that includes the location, the
environmental conditions, and the physical proximity
of participants to each other.
Physical Situation
An aspect/context in communication that is the nature of the relationship that already exist between the participants.
Social Situation
An aspect/context in communication wherein the background is provided by previous communication between participants
Historical Situation
An aspect/context in communication that includes the beliefs, values,
orientations, underlying assumptions, and rituals that belong to a specific culture.
Cultural Situation
includes the moods and
feelings of each person brings to the encounter.
Physiological Situation
are moral principles held by a society, group,
or individual that differentiate right from wrong.
Ethics
They label messages that are both ethical and
appropriate as bright side messages. In contrast,
the dark side messages are unethical and/or
inappropriate.
Ethical Communicators
messages are somewhat ethical and unethical because they are honest, but also potentially damaging to the relationship.
“HARD dark side”
messages are somewhat ethical and unethical because they are dishonest in order to maintain a good relationship.
“Easy dark side” basta being fake ganon
messages are but disrespectful and
damaging to the relationship.
“Evil dark side”
Ethical communicators are honest, acts with integrity, behave fairly, demonstrate respect, and are responsible
(T or F)
(T)
What are the 5 characteristics that an ethical communicator possess?
- Are Honest
- Acts with Integrity
- Behave Fairly
- Demonstrate Respect
- Responsible
It is the impression that communicative behavior is
appropriate and affected in a given situation.
Communication Competence
Communication is effective when it achieves its goals
and appropriate when it conforms to what is expected in a situation.
(T or F)
True
It is achieved through personal motivation, knowledge acquisition, and skills practice. In these ways, we develop credibility and social ease.
Communication Competence
is a perception of the speaker’s knowledge,
trustworthiness, and warmth.
Credibility
means managing communication apprehension so we do not appear nervous or anxious.
Social ease
What are the 2 types of motivation:
Intrinsic and Extrinsic motivation
Personal motivation or
motivation within yourself.
Intrinsic Motivation
Being motivated/inspired by the people around you.
Extrinsic Motivation
It is the fear or anxiety associated with real or
anticipated communication with other
Communication Apprehension
includes the moods and
feelings of each person brings to the encounter.
Physiological Situation
What are the 4 types of apprehension?
- Traitlike Communication Apprehension
- Audience-based Communication Apprehension
- Situational Communication Apprehension
- Context-based Communication Apprehension
People who feel anxious in most speaking
situations.
Traitlike Communication Apprehension
People who feel anxious about speaking only with
a certain person or group of people
Audience-based Communication Apprehension
It is short-lived feeling of anxiety that occurs
during a specific encounter.
Situational Communication Apprehension
An anxiety only in a particular situation.
Context-based Communication Apprehension
