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SPEECH COMMUNICATION | PRELIM > PERCEPTION OF SELF > Flashcards

PERCEPTION OF SELF Flashcards

1
Q

who believe ourselves and others to be–influences how we communicate

A

Social Perception

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2
Q

is the process of selectively attending and
meaning to information

A

Perception

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3
Q

At other times, our perceptions does not differ
significantly from those of others. (T or F)

A

F (DIFFER SIGNIFICANTLY)

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4
Q

For each person, perception becomes our reality, What one person sees, hears, and
interprets is false and considered incorrect to that
person. (T or F)

A

F (For each person, however, perception becomes
our reality. What one person sees, hears, and
interprets is REAL and considered TRUE to that
person.

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5
Q

When our perceptions differ from those with
whom we interact, sharing meaning becomes
more easy. (T or F)

A

F (When our perceptions differ from those with
whom we interact, sharing meaning becomes
more CHALLENGING)

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6
Q

Our perceptions are important because they
shape our reality. (T or F)

A

T

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7
Q

How does perception work?

A

the brain selects information it receives from the senses (sensory stimuli)

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8
Q

we choose what stimuli to
concentrate on based on our needs, bias,
and expectations. (T or F)

A

F (we choose what stimuli to
concentrate on based on our needs, INTEREST,
and expectations)

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9
Q

We choose to pay attention to information that
meets our biological and psychological needs.

A

Needs

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10
Q

when we go to our class is what type of attention and selection

A

Needs

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11
Q

We are likely to pay attention to information that
piques our interests.

A

Interests

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12
Q

Our interests are piqued when we see its
relevance to us or those we care about. (T or F)

A

T

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13
Q

Finally, we are likely to see what we expect to see
and miss what violates our expectations.

A

Expectationa

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14
Q

we are likely to see what we expect to see
and miss what violates our perception. (T or F)

A

F (expectation)

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15
Q

The Elaboration Likelihood Model tells us that
a persuasive message can only take on one
route: either ______ or the ______

A

central route or peripheral route

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16
Q

can bring enduring attitude change and shape
realities.

A

central route

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17
Q

Through the process of attention and selection we add the number of stimuli our brain must process. (T or F)

A

F (Through the process of attention and selection we REDUCE the number of stimuli our brain must process)

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18
Q

Our brains organize these stimuli using the principles of ____ and _____

A

simplicity and pattern

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19
Q

If the stimuli we attend to are complex, our brains
simplify them into some commonly recognized
form.

A

Simplicity

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20
Q

We complicate nonverbal and verbal messages we receive. (T or F)

A

F (we SIMPLIFY nonverbal and verbal messages we receive)

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21
Q

The brain also makes sense of complex stimuli by relating them to things it already recognizes

A

Pattern

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22
Q

we differentiate people based on their sex or age is what type of organization

A

Pattern

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23
Q

Ass the brain selects and organizes information, it also assigns meaning to it

A

Interpretation

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24
Q

is a subconscious
approach to making sense of what we encounter.

A

Automatic processing

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24
Q

We use assumption, which are our short-cut
rules of thumb for understanding how to
perceive something based on past
experiences with similar stimuli. (T or F)

A

F (We use HEURISTICS)

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25
Q

what do we think
about our skills, abilities, knowledge,
competencies, and personality

A

Self-concept

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25
Q

Is the overall view we have of ourselves, which includes both self-concept and self-esteem

A

Self-perception

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25
Q

how do we see our worth based on
our self-concept

A

Self esteem

25
Q

is a slow deliberative
process of examining and reflecting about the
stimuli.

A

Conscious processing

26
Q

How de we decide what our skills. abilities, competencies, and personality are?

A

Based on interpretations about our personal experiences and how other

27
Q

Negative thoughts are critical to forming our self-concept. (T or F)

A

F (our PERSONAL EXPERIENCES are critical to forming our self-concept)

28
Q

As we interact with others, we form an _________

A

ideal self-concept

29
Q

Are based on the belief that traits and abilities are internal to the person and are univerally applicable to all situations.

A

Independent self-perception

30
Q

are based on the belief that traits and abilities are specific to a particular context or relationship

A

Interdependent self-perception

31
Q

The accuracy of our self-concept and self-esteem depends on the accuracy of our perceptions and observations. (T or F)

A

T

31
Q

occurs when there is a gap between self-perception and reality.

A

Incongruence

32
Q

An inaccurate perception of a skill,
characteristic, or situation that leads to behaviors
that perpetuate that false perception as true

A

Self-fulfilling prophecies

32
Q

Self-created prophecies are facts we
make about ourselves. (T or F)

A

F (Self-created prophecies are PREDICTIONS we
make about ourselves)

33
Q

Our self-perceptions can also become
distorted through the way we filter what
others say to us.

A

Filtering Messages

34
Q

We tend to pay attention to messages that
reinforce our self-perception and downplay or
ignore messages that contradict this image.

A

Filtering Messages

35
Q

Another way self-perception can become
distorted is through our interpretation of what
we see on television, in the movies, and in
popular magazines

A

Media Images

36
Q

influences how we talk to
ourselves, how we talk about ourselves with
others, how we talk about others to ourselves, the
self we present to others, and our ability to
communicate with others.

A

Self-perception

37
Q

3 Strategies for positive self-perceptions:

A

o Self-talk
o Social construction of self
o Self-monitoring

38
Q

(a.k.a. intrapersonal communication)
→ the internal conversations we have with
ourselves in our thoughts.

A

Self-talk

39
Q

People who have a positive self-perception
are more likely to engage in positive self-talk. (T or F)

A

T

40
Q

People who have a negative self-
perception are more likely to engage in negative self-talk
(T or F)

A

T

41
Q

A low level of speech anxiety is often rooted in negative self-talk. (T or F)

A

F (a HIGH LEVEL speech anxiety is often
rooted in negative self-talk.

42
Q

phenomenon of presenting different aspects
of our self-concept based on the situation and
people involved

A

Social construction of self

43
Q

the internal process of being aware how we
are coming across to others and adjusting our
behavior accordingly

A

Self-monitoring

44
Q

We all use self-monitoring to determine which
“self” we choose to display in different
situations and with different people. (T or F)

A

T

45
Q

improving self-perception
improves how we interact with others. (T or F)

A

T

46
Q

→ tells us that the more we don’t talk about someone, the more we are curious about
them

→ Is a communication theory that explains how
individuals monitor their social environment in
order to know more about themselves and
others

A

The Uncertainty Reduction theory

47
Q

As we increase uncertainty, we usually
become more comfortable communicating. (T or F)

A

F (as we REDUCE uncertainty)

48
Q

So first, we form impressions about others. (T or F)

A

T

49
Q

are the processes we use
to form perceptions of others

A

Impression formation

50
Q

3 most important ways we form impressions:

A
  1. Physical appearance
  2. Perceived personality
  3. Assumed similarity
51
Q

→ The first thing we notice about other people is
how they look.

→ Although it may seem superficial, we form
these first impressions very quickly.

A

Physical appearance

52
Q

tendency to assume that two or more
personality characteristics go together

A

Implicit Personality Theory

53
Q

assuming someone is similar to us in a
variety of ways until we get information that
contradicts this assumption

A

Assumed Similarity

54
Q

are reasons we give for others
and our own behavior

A

Attributions

55
Q

is a reason that is
beyond the control of the person

A

Situational attribution

56
Q

refers to
attributing behavior to some cause that is
under the control of the person

A

Dispositional attribution

57
Q

the perceptual distortion that arises from paying attention only to what we expect to
see or hear and ignoring what we don’t
expect

A

selective perception

58
Q

the inaccurate attempt to make several
perceptions about another person agree with
each other

A

Forced consistency

59
Q

judging a person based on the characteristics
of a group to which the person belongs
without regard to how the person may vary
from the group

A

Prejudice

60
Q

various form of prejudice in which members
of one group believe that the behaviors and
characteristics of their group are inherently
superior to those of another group

A

Racism, ethnocentrism, sexism, heterosexism, ageism, and ableism

61
Q

Guidelines to
improve your perceptions of others and their
messages:

A
  1. Question the accuracy of your perceptions
  2. Choose to use conscious
    processing as you get to know people
  3. Seek more information to verify perceptions
  4. Realize that your perceptions of a person will
    change over time
  5. Seek clarification respectfully by perception
    checking
62
Q
A

SPEECH COMMUNICATION | PRELIM (14 decks)

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