Vaccines Flashcards
Types of vaccines
- Weaken the virus using chemical substances
- Inactivate the virus
- Use part of the pathogen
- Use part of the genetic code
When did the WHO start the eradication campaign for smallpox?
1956
When was smallpox eradicated?
1980
When was the Spanish flu pandemic?
1918
How many people did the spanish flu kill?
70-100 million
What is zoonosis?
Almost all human infections have made the lead of species from animals to humans: contributes to 95% of human diseases
When was our first meeting with coronavirus?
Middle ages
4 types of human coronaviruses
HCoV: NL63
HCoV: HKU1
HCoV: 229E
HCoV: OC43
Why are the bats the epicenter of coronaviruses?
In the cold caves, their immune system is able to respond partially to virological infection. They produce antibodies but without combating, without eliminating the infections within their own body
BATS CAN COEVOLVE A CHRONIC INFECTION AGAINST CORONAVIRUS
How did MERS 2012 start?
In the Arabian peninsula from camel to camel.
What are the 3 fears regarding vaccines?
- Our generation is the first one free from infectious diseases: social perception of risk disappeared
- It is a preventive treatment, then one receives vaccine when is in a good shape
- It is injected a serum containing germs attenuated, killed or parts of them
How many lives have been saved because of vaccinations?
700 million disease cases
150 million deaths
When does the first anti-vaxx movement in the EU start?
1870s
When does the first anti-vaxx movement in the USA start?
1879
What and when was the cutter incident?
1955
several vaccine batches contained live active polio caused by the polio vaccine
