Misinformation Flashcards
Definition of disinformation
misinformation that is deliberately disseminated to mislead
Definition of misinformation
false information that is disseminated regardless of intention to mislead
Definition of fake news
false information, often of a sensational nature, that mimics news media content
Definition of continued influence effect
The continued reliance on inaccurate information in people’s memory and reasoning after a credible correction has been presented
Definition of illusory truth effect
repeated information is more likely to be judged true than novel information because it sounds more familiar
Definition of backfire effect
Where a correction inadvertently increases belief in, or reliance on, misinformation relative to a pre-correction or no correction baseline
What does debunking rest on?
communicator’s credibility however may have limited effects when people pay little attention to the source
What may be more important than the communicator’s credibility?
perceived trustworthiness of a debunking source
What is the process of inoculation?
makes people resilient to subsequent manipulation attempts
What does a greater number of counterarguments lead to?
Leads to a greater reduction of misconception
What is the process of debunking?
Fact
Myth
Fallacy
Fact
What is the 1st step of debunking?
fact: state what is true first; do not rely on a simple retraction
What is the 2nd step of debunking?
Myth: repeat the myth only once; belief updating
What is the 3rd step of debunking?
Fallacy: explain why the misinformation is wrong in 3 steps
1. why the mistaken information was thought to be correct in the first place
2. why it is now clear it is wrong
3. why the alternative is right
What is the 4th step of debunking?
Fact: restate the fact so that it is the last thing they remember
