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Z Derm/Breast/Eyes Conditions Year 3 > Uveitis > Flashcards

Uveitis Flashcards

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1
Q

What is uveitis?

A

broad term for inflammation of one or all parts of uvea, or vascular area between the retina and sclera of the eye

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2
Q

What is included in uvea?

A

choroid, ciliary body and iris

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3
Q

What is anterior uveitis?

A

involves inflammation of the iris and ciliary body

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4
Q

What is intermediate uveitis?

A

involves the posterior ciliary body and pars plana

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5
Q

What is posterior uveitis?

A

Inflammation of:

  1. Retina
  2. Choroid
  3. Retinal vasculature
  4. Optic nerve
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6
Q

What is acute uveitis?

A

sudden onset (hours or days)

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7
Q

What is recurrent uveitis?

A

repeated episodes separated by disease inactivity ≥3 months, whether on or off treatment

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8
Q

What is chronic uveitis?

A

persistent uveitis (>3 months’ duration) characterised by relapse within 3 months of therapy termination.

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9
Q

What are causes for uveitis?

A
  1. idiopathic
  2. associated with human leukocyte antigen-B27-related disease
  3. viral eye disease
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10
Q

What are RF for uveitis?

A
  1. Inflammatory disease
  2. HLA-B27 positivity
  3. Ocular trauma
  4. Immunosuppresion
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11
Q

What type of uveitis is most common?

A
  1. Anterior uveitis most common

2. Infectious uveitis common in developing countries

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12
Q

What are symptoms and signs of uveitis?

A
  1. Pain (anterior uveitis)
  2. Decreased vision (intermediate and posterior)
  3. Synechiae
  4. Flare: hallmark of anterior uveitis
  5. Keratic precipitate
  6. Tearing
  7. Photophobia
  8. Eye redness without discharge
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13
Q

What are classic anterior uveitis signs?

A
  1. Pain
  2. Flare
  3. redness
  4. photophobia
  5. tearing
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14
Q

What are possible DDx for uveitis?

A
  1. Ocular lymphoma
  2. Leukaemia
  3. Intra-ocular solid tumours
  4. Intra-ocular foreign body
  5. Ocular ischaemia syndrome
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15
Q

What are investigations for uveitis?

A

clinical diagnosis

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16
Q

What is the management plan for uveitis?

A
  • Potentially blinding conditions so refer to ophthalmologist
  • Corticosteroid eye drops + management of any underlying disease e.g. prednisolone
17
Q

What are possible complications of uveitis?

A
  1. Synechia
  2. Retinal scarring
  3. Cataract
  4. Band keratopathy
  5. Macular oedema
  6. Glaucoma
  7. Choroidal neovascularisation
  8. Retinal detachement
18
Q

What are symptoms of posterior uveitis?

A
  1. floaters
  2. decreased vision
  3. photophobia
  4. often asymptomatic
19
Q

What are some common causes for anterior uveitis?

A
  1. Ankylosing spondylitis
  2. Crohn’s disease
  3. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
  4. Psoriatic arthritis
20
Q

What are some common cause of posterior uveitis?

A
  1. HSV
  2. Herpes Zoster
  3. TB
21
Q

What are 4 types of uveitis?

A

anterior, posterior, complete, intermediate

22
Q

What are causes of anterior uveitis?

A
  1. Idiopthic

2. Associated with non-infectious, autoimmune systemic disease

23
Q

What non-infectious, autoimmune systemic disease is anterior uveitis associated with?

A
  1. seronegative spondyloarthropathies
  2. RA
  3. Sarcoidosis
  4. IBD
  5. HLA-B27 associated conditions-SLE
  6. Reactive arthritis
  7. Behcet’s disease
24
Q

What are symptoms of anterior uveitis?

A
  1. Pain: dull and progressive
  2. Flares
  3. Photophobia
  4. Lacrimation
  5. Decreased visual acuity
  6. Eye redness
25
Q

What is hypopyon?

A

medical condition involving inflammatory cells in the anterior chamber of the eye – one key thing to look out for during flares

26
Q

What investigations are done for uveitis?

A
  • slit lamp
  • other than slit lamp examination, mostly clinical Dx (don’t need Ix) – can do smear and cytology if infectious cause suspected
27
Q

What would be found on a slit lamp for anterior uvetitis?

A
  1. Keratic precipitates (leukocytes) in anterior chamber
  2. Protein in aqueous humour
  3. General signs of inflammation of iris (red eye, hypopyon)
28
Q

What would be found on posterior uveitis slit lamp?

A
  1. Leukocytes in vitreous humour

2. Inflammation of choroid and retina

29
Q

What is management for uveitis?

A
  1. Corticosteroids (drops)
  2. Cycloplegic eye drops
  3. Simple analgesia for anterior
  4. Antibiotic or antiviral therapy if infectious cause
30
Q

When would you use corticosteroid drops?

A
  1. Can use systemic/oral steroids if symptoms persist

2. Treats the underlying inflammatio

31
Q

When would you use cycloplegic eye drops?

A
  1. Relieves pain caused by the spasm of muscles

2. Prevents formation of synechiae

32
Q

What is synchiea?

A

Synechiae are at pupil margin where iris is adherent to the anterior lens capsule which prevents dilation and makes cataract surgery harder

Z Derm/Breast/Eyes Conditions Year 3 (25 decks)

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