1. UV light 2. FHx 3. Lighter skin 4. Actinic keratosis (pre-cancerous condition)

1. UV light 2. FHx 3. Lighter skin

Skin Cancer Flashcards by Adele Schiff

What is most common skin cancer?

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC)
Followed by squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)
Then Malignant melanoma

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the most deadly skin cancer?

malignant melanoma

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the defintion for squamous cell carcinoma?

cancer of keratinocytes in epidermis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What does normal epidermis contain?

squamous cells, basal cells and melanocytes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what are RF for SCC?

UV light
FHx
Lighter skin
Actinic keratosis (pre-cancerous condition)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are symptoms of SCC?

hyperkeratotic

2. ulcerate

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the invasion like in SCC?

Local invasion (e.g. into dermis)

2. Can metastasise

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are common sites of metastasises for SCC?

Lung
Bone
Brain
Liver

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the defintion of basal cell carcinoma?

cancer of keratinocytes in epidermis (in stratum basale)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are RF for BCC?

UV light
FHx
Lighter skin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the invasion like for BCC?

• Slow growing
• Local invasion
(e.g. into dermis)
• DOESN’T TYPICALLY METASTASISE

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is a lesion like in BCC?

Nodule
Pearly edges
Rolled edges
Central ulcer
(rodent ulcer)
Central fine
telangiectasia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are subtypes of BCC?

Nodular
Morpheic
Superficial
Pigemented

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which is the most common subtype of BCC?

nodular

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is morpheic BCC?

yellow waxy plaque

2. scar-like

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is superficial BCC?

flat shape

What is pigemented BCC?

Dense colour
Specks of colour
harder to distinguish melanoma

What is the definition of malignant melanoma?

cancer of melanocytes in epidermis

What are RF for malignant melanoma?

UV light
FHx
Lighter skin

What is the invasion like for malignant melanoma?

Local invasion (e.g. into dermis)

* Can metastasise

Where are common sites of metastases for melaignant melanoma?

Lung
Bone
Brain
Liver

How is the lesion for malignant melanoma described?

Asymmetry
1. Border
  (irregular)
2. Colour
  (pigmented)
3. Diameter >6mm
4. Evolution
  (size/shape)
5. May bleed, itchy, ulcerate, crust over

What is the referral time for different skin cancers?

Melanoma - urgent referral (2 weeks)
SqCC – urgent referral (2 weeks)
BCC – routine referral (6 weeks)

What are the bedside tests for skin cancer?

Physical examination
Basic observation
Dermatoscope

What bloods are done for skin cancer?

1. Calcium (bone mets or PTHrp) 2. ALP (bone mets) 3. LFTs (liver mets)

What imaging is done for skin cancer?

CT/MRI/PET (for staging)

What is the biopsy like in skin cancer?

- Skin biopsy | - Breslow Thickness

What is breslow thickness?

Breslow thickness for melanoma (measured in mm from surface of skin down to deepest point in tumour) -> used for prognosis and guiding surgical removal management – lower is better

How do you treat in situ SqCC?

cryotherapy

How do you treat invasive SqCC?

1. Surgical excision | 2. Radiotherapy

How do you treat non-cosmetrically challenging BCC?

Surgical excision

How do you treat cosmetrcally challenging BCC?

Mohs surgery

How do you treat early stage melanoma?

Surgical excision with lymph node biopsy

How do you treat resectable advanced melanoma?

Surgery and systemic therapy (nivolumab)

How do you treat advanced lesions?

Systemic therapy (nivolumab) and treat metastases