Diabetic eye Disease Flashcards
How common is diabetic eye disease?
With diabetes 35% have some type of diabetic retinopathy
What are sight threatening signs in diabetic eye disease?
- Macular oedema
- Retinal or optic disc new vessels
- Vitreous haemorrhage
What are other symptoms of diabetic eye disease?
- Microaneurysms
- Cotton wool spots
- Intraretinal haemorrhage
- Lipid exudates
- Floaters
- Macular thickening
What are the 4 different stages of diabetic eye disease?
- background
- pre-proliferative
- proliferative
- Maculopathy
What is background eye disease?
blot and dot haemorrhages/hard exudates
What is pre-proliferative eye disease?
background + cotton wool spots
What is proliferative eye disease?
non-proliferative + new vessels on disk (neovascularisation)
What is maculopathy eye disease?
hard exudates (i.e., background retinopathy) happens to be near macula
What is the general management for diabetic eye disese?
Improvement in glycaemic, lipid and hypertensive control and identification of sight threatening disease before visual loss occurs
What are possible treatment options for diabetic eye disease?
- Intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents
- Macular and pan-retinal laser photocoagulation
- Vitrectomy surgery
How do you treat background retinopathy?
improve glycaemic control
How do you treat pre-proliferative eye retinopathy?
pan retinal laser photocoagulation
How do you treat proliferative retinopathy?
pan retinal laser photocoagulation
How do you treat maculopathy?
intravitreal VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) inhibitor
What is neovascularation often associated with?
retinal detachment and vitreous haemorrhage: visual loss
