UTI shtuff - Sheet1 Flashcards
What are the treatment options for Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)?
Sulfonamides + Trimethoprim, Urinary Tract Antiseptics, Penicillins, Aminoglycosides, Cephalosporins, Fluoroquinolones
What are the common treatment durations for UTIs?
Single dose, 3-day, 7-day, 14-day
What are examples of Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim used for UTIs?
Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ), Sulfadiazine, Trimethoprim
What are the adverse effects of Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim?
Hypersensitivity, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, Blood dyscrasias, Crystalluria, Kernicterus, Hyperkalemia
Who should use caution when taking Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim?
Pregnant/lactating individuals, those with impaired kidney function, older adults on ACE/ARBs, patients on Warfarin, Phenytoin, Sulfonylureas
What allergies are associated with Sulfonamides?
Sulfa, Thiazide and Loop diuretics, Sulfonylurea oral hypoglycemics
What is an important hydration recommendation when taking Sulfonamides?
Drink lots of water to prevent crystalluria
What backup precaution should be taken while on Sulfonamides?
Use backup contraception
What are Silver sulfadiazine and Mafenide used for?
Suppressing bacterial colonization in second- and third-degree burns
What are examples of Urinary Tract Antiseptics?
Nitrofurantoin, Methenamine
What are the adverse effects of Urinary Tract Antiseptics?
GI issues (N/V/D, anorexia), Hypersensitivity (fever, chills, severe pulmonary reactions), Blood dyscrasias, Peripheral neuropathy, Hepatotoxicity, CNS effects (HA, drowsiness, dizziness)
What are examples of Fluoroquinolones?
Ciprofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Levofloxacin, Gemifloxacin
What type of bacteria do Fluoroquinolones cover?
Broad-spectrum (Gram-positive & Gram-negative)
What infections are Fluoroquinolones used for?
Urinary tract, GI tract, Upper respiratory infections, Bones, Joints, Skin, Soft tissues
What are the adverse effects of Fluoroquinolones?
GI issues (N/V/D), Achilles tendon rupture, Superinfection, Phototoxicity, CNS effects
What are important cautions for Fluoroquinolones?
Avoid in pregnancy/lactation, patients <18 years (risk of tendon rupture), older adults (risk of tendon rupture & CNS effects)
What substances interact with Fluoroquinolones?
Cationic compounds (Al or Mg antacids, iron salts, sucralfate, dairy products), Theophylline, Warfarin
How should IV Ciprofloxacin be administered?
Separate IV line, dilute, infuse slowly over 60 min, in a large vein
What is the urinary tract analgesic used for UTIs?
Phenazopyridine (AZO)
What is a notable side effect of Phenazopyridine?
Causes urine to turn orange-red
How should Phenazopyridine be taken?
With or after meals
