hepatitis drugs

Question 1

What is the most common liver disorder?

Answer 1

Viral hepatitis

Question 2

How many viruses can cause acute hepatitis?

Answer 2

Six: A, B, C, D, E, G

Question 3

What are the main characteristics of acute hepatitis?

Answer 3

Liver inflammation, jaundice, increased ALT

Question 4

Which hepatitis viruses can cause chronic hepatitis?

Answer 4

B, C, D

Question 5

What are the complications of chronic hepatitis?

Answer 5

Cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, liver failure

Question 6

How is Hepatitis A transmitted?

Answer 6

Fecal-oral route

Question 7

What are the risk factors for Hepatitis A?

Answer 7

Low SES areas, poor sanitation, poor hygiene, international travel

Question 8

What are the symptoms of Hepatitis A?

Answer 8

Fever, malaise, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, jaundice, anorexia, stomach pain

Question 9

How effective is the Hepatitis A vaccine?

Answer 9

94-100% effective within 1 month

Question 10

What are the side effects of the Hepatitis A vaccine?

Answer 10

Injection site soreness, headache, anorexia, malaise

Question 11

How is Hepatitis C transmitted?

Answer 11

Blood, sexual contact, mother-to-child

Question 12

What percentage of Hepatitis C infections become chronic?

Answer 12

75-85%

Question 13

Can asymptomatic individuals transmit Hepatitis C?

Answer 13

Yes

Question 14

What are the symptoms of Hepatitis C?

Answer 14

Jaundice, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, myalgia, arthralgia

Question 15

How many genotypes and subtypes does Hepatitis C have?

Answer 15

6 genotypes, over 50 subtypes

Question 16

What is the goal of Hepatitis C treatment?

Answer 16

Cure: No detectable HCV RNA

Question 17

What were the old treatments for Hepatitis C?

Answer 17

Interferon alfa + ribavirin

Question 18

What are the pretreatment labs for Hepatitis C?

Answer 18

HCV RNA, CBC, LFTs, eGFR, INR, Hep B surface antigen, HIV, serum Hcg

Question 19

What should be monitored during Hepatitis C treatment?

Answer 19

Hypoglycemia, INR

Question 20

What should be checked post-treatment for Hepatitis C?

Answer 20

HCV RNA, LFTs

Question 21

What are the adverse effects of Hepatitis C drugs?

Answer 21

Nausea, headache, fatigue, weakness, diarrhea, pruritus, insomnia, ALT elevation

Question 22

What are nursing considerations for Hepatitis C drugs?

Answer 22

Drug interactions (CYP450), give with food, not for pregnancy, caution in older adults

Question 23

Why is Interferon Alfa-2A no longer recommended?

Answer 23

Not a cure, high adverse effects

Question 24

How is Interferon Alfa-2A administered?

Answer 24

Parenteral (mostly subQ)

Question 25

What are the adverse effects of Interferon Alfa-2A?

Answer 25

Flu-like syndrome, neuropsychiatric effects (depression), fatigue, thyroid dysfunction, heart damage, bone marrow suppression, GI effects, injection site reactions, exacerbation of autoimmune diseases

Question 26

How is Hepatitis B transmitted?

Answer 26

Blood and semen

Question 27

What percentage of Hepatitis B-exposed individuals develop acute Hepatitis B?

Answer 27

45-60%

Question 28

What are the symptoms of acute Hepatitis B?

Answer 28

Most are asymptomatic

Question 29

How is the Hepatitis B vaccine given?

Answer 29

3 doses (0, 1, 6 months)

Question 30

What are the side effects of the Hepatitis B vaccine?

Answer 30

Injection site soreness, mild/moderate fever

Question 31

What is the treatment for acute Hepatitis B?

Answer 31

Supportive care

Question 32

What is monitored in chronic Hepatitis B?

Answer 32

ALT, HBV DNA, liver disease severity

Question 33

What is the goal of Hepatitis B treatment?

Answer 33

HBsAg-negative + anti-HBs

Question 34

How is Hepatitis B treated in coinfection with HIV or Hepatitis C?

Answer 34

HIV: ART covers both, Hep C: Treat both concurrently

Question 35

What are the adverse effects of Lamivudine?

Answer 35

Well-tolerated

Question 36

What are the adverse effects of Entecavir?

Answer 36

Dizziness, headache, fatigue, nausea, possible lactic acidosis, hepatomegaly

Question 37

What are the adverse effects of Tenofovir?

Answer 37

Weakness, headache, GI symptoms (nausea, vomiting, flatulence), possible lactic acidosis, hepatomegaly

Question 38

What should be monitored in patients on Hepatitis B medications?

Answer 38

LFTs, CBC, renal function, HBV DNA, HBsAg, Anti-HBs, HBeAg

Question 39

What are the nursing considerations for Hepatitis B medications?

Answer 39

Drug interactions (CYP450), give with food, safe for pregnancy/lactation, caution in older adults due to renal & hepatic function