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Pharmacology > UTI > Flashcards

UTI Flashcards

1
Q

What are S&S of lower UTI?

A

Dysuria, nocturia, urgency, frequency, and suprapubuc heaviness

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2
Q

What are S&S of upper UTI?

A

fever, malaise, flank pain, N/V

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3
Q

What is the clinical presentation of UTI’s in elderly patients?

A

altered mental status, change in eating habits, GI symptoms

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4
Q

How do patients with indwelling catheters present clinically?

A

Flank pain and fever (not normally with lower tract infections symptoms )

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5
Q

What is causative bacterial agent in uncomplicated UTI’s?

A

E. coli 75% to 95%

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6
Q

What is bacterial agent in complicated UTI’s?

A

enterococcus faecalis and othr granm negative bacteria

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7
Q

Name the three treatments for outpatient tx of uncomplicated UTI’s?

A

Tx #1: 3 day course of TMP-SMX (Bactrim)-bactericidal
Tx #2:5 days of Nitrofurantoin
Tx #3: one dose of fosfomycin IM

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8
Q

What is special about Nitrofurantoin? (3)

A
  1. bacteria themselves seem to induce the power of nitro
  2. multi action: interferes with DNA, RNA, and cell wall synthesis
  3. bactericidal at therapeutic doses in urine
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9
Q

Which drugs should be reserved for suspected pyelonephritis?

A

Flouroquinilones

Cipro, Levofloxacin, tx for 3 days

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10
Q

What is alternative tx for UTI’s?

A

Cephalexin x 7 days
Augmentin x 3 days
Cefpodoxime x 3 days

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11
Q

How do you tx UTI in recurrent infection in short or long time period?

A

You can tx with the same abx if patient comes down with a UTI again in short time frame after being treated
Treat with a different abx if patient returns after a long period after given abx: possible resistance

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12
Q

What is MOA of nitrofurantoin?

A

inactivates bacterial ribosomes and stops the synthesis of proteins

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13
Q

What are ADE of TMP-SMX? (3)

A

SJS
renal failure
hematologic (neutropenia etc…)

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14
Q

What do you monitor on TMP-SMX?

A

BUN

Srcr

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15
Q

What are ADE of Nitrofurantoin? Monitor?

A

GI disturbances. BUN + Srcr

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16
Q

What are ADE with fosfomycin?

A

HA, angioedema, and diarrhea

use cautiously with hepatic issue pts.

17
Q

What are ADE of Cipro, Levo?

A

hypersensitivity, confusion, tendonitis black box warning

18
Q

What is best abx for prostatitis and pyelonephritis? Do they cover for P. aerginosa?

A

levo, cipro, yes

19
Q

Can you use moxifloxacin for prostatitis and pyelonephritis? Why?

A

NO , inadequate urine concentration

20
Q

What is ADE of Augmetin?

A

hypersensitivity
diarrhea
anaphylaxis

21
Q

What abx is used for tx of uncomplicated cystitis?

A

Augmentin

22
Q

T/F There are no advantages to using cephalosporins, they are more expensive and do not cover for enterocci

A

TRUE

23
Q

How do you tx uncomplicated cystitis?

A 
dont use ampcillin 
same as UTI 
NitroX  5 days 
fosfomyocin IM
TMP-SMX 3 days
24
Q

How do you tx UTI in pregnancy?

A

Cephalosporin x 7 days

Augmetin X 7 days

25
Q

What abx should you avoid in 3rd trimester of pregnancy?

A

TMP-SMX

26
Q

What is tx for uncomplicated e.coli pyelonephritis?

A

Cipro/Levo x 7 days

TMP-SMX x 14 days

27
Q

What is tx for gram pos pyelonephritis?

A

ampicillin or augmentin 14 days

28
Q

How do you tx complicated acute pyelonephritis

A

levo/cipro x 14 days

extended spectrum penicillin and aminoglycosde

29
Q

What is tx for prostatitis?

A

TMP-SMX 4-6 weeks

Cipro 1-3 months or Levo 28 days

Pharmacology (47 decks)

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