Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Sleep-Wake Disorders > Flashcards

Sleep-Wake Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is sedation?

A

reduces anxiety and evokes a calming effect/anxiolytic

-CNS depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is hypnotic?

A

evokes drowsiness and sleep maintenance

-higher degree of CNS depression than sedation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Explain dose-response curve?

A

Drug A: Barbiturates and alcohol, increase dose has additive effect
Drug B: Benzodiazepines, plateau’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Explain absorption and distribution of sedative-hypnotic drugs? (3)

A
  • lipid soluble
  • good distribution to brain
  • absorb well from GI tract
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is metabolism and excretion of sedative hypnotic drugs?

A
  • active and inactive metabolites
  • metabolized before excretion
  • mainly by liver enzymes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is tx for insomnia?

A

Benzodiazepines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name the benzos for insomnia? (8)

A 
Estazolam
Eszopiclone 
Flurazepam
Quazepam
Temazepam 
Triazolam 
Zaleplon
Zolpidem
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

T/F New nonbenzos Gaba agonist only have sedative effects?

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is MOA of benzondiazepines?

A

bind to benzo receptors in cerebral cortex, thalamus,
and limbic structures
-facilitate inhibitory action of GABA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are clinical uses of benzos? (5)

A 
insomnia
muscle relaxant
GAD
panic attacks 
seizures
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is 1/2 life of benzos?

A

2-4 hrs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where are benzos metabolized?

A

liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which benzos do not have active metabolites? (3)

A

lorazepam
oxazepam
zolpidem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which benzo is rapid onset and short duration?

A

Alpralozam

Triazolam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which benzo has a long half life and and active metabolite?

A

Flurazepam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which benzo is a prodrug?

A

Clorazepate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which benzo is absorbed slowly?

A

Temazepam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are ADE of benzos?

A 
daytime sedation
tolerance 
cognitive impairment
anterograde amnesia  
rebound insomnia
anaphylaxis angioedema
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

name drug interactions with benzos?

A

alcohol
opiods
anti-psychotic
tricyclic anti depressant

20
Q

Which drug reverses the CNS depressive effects of benzos, eszopiclone, zolpidem, and zaplenon?

A

Flumazenil

21
Q

What is MOA of Flumazenil?

A

antagonist, binds benzo receptors

22
Q

What is PK of flumazenil?

A

short acting IV

23
Q

ADE of flumazenil?

A

agitation, confusion

24
Q

Name the three newer hypnotics, not benzos?

A
  • zolpidem
  • eszoplicone
  • zaleplon
25
Q

What is MOA of newer hypnotics?

A
  • more selective

- bind to GABA receptor isoforms BZ1 and W1

26
Q

What is MOA of barbituates?

A
  • bind at other sites on benzo receptor to facilitate action of GABA
  • not antagonized by flumazenil
  • blocks glutamate and sodium channels
27
Q

what are uses of barbs?

A

anesthesia

insomnia

28
Q

PK of barbs?

A

oral

liver metabolism

29
Q

toxicities of barbs?

A

tolerance and dependence

30
Q

what is tx for mild insomina?

A

anti-histamines

diphenyhydramine and doxylamine best

31
Q

what is tx for sleep maintenance insomnia?

A

anti-depressants

low dose doxepin

32
Q

If patient has abuse issues which med is given for sleep maintenance?

A

Trazadone

33
Q

what is MOA of surovexant?

A

orexin a and b antagonits

turns off wake signal

34
Q

what type of insomnia does surovexant tx?

A

helps with falling asleep and staying asleep

35
Q

What is MOA of Ramelton?

A

melatonin antagonist

36
Q

ADE of Ramelton?

A

dizziness, headaches, somnolence

37
Q

what does Ramelton tx?

A

sleep onset insomnia

helps in pt with COPD and sleep apnea

38
Q

Which herb has sedative-hypnotic properties?

A

Valerian root

39
Q

What are the four characteristics of Narcolepsy?

A
  1. EDS
  2. Cataplexy: sudden loss of bilateral muscle tone
  3. hallucinations
  4. sleep paralysis
40
Q

What is pathology in Narcolepsy?

A

dysfunction with hypocretin/orexin system

41
Q

What is used to tx excessive daytime sleepyness in Narcolepsy

A

modafinil ,armodafinil

42
Q

T/F Methylphenidate can cause dependence issues?

A

TRUE

43
Q

What is MOA for Cataplexy?

A

block re uptake of 5’HT and norepi at locus cerelus and raphe and supress REM sleep

44
Q

which meds are used to tx cataplexy

A

imipramine
fluoxetine
nortriptyline
clomipramine

45
Q

what is used to tx EDS and cataplexy?

A

Selegiline

46
Q

What is used to tx EDS, catalpexy, hallucinations?

A

Sodium oxybate

47
Q

What is MOA of sodium oxybate?

A

changes sleep architecture to resemble normal
potent not to be used by any other
increases slow wave sleep, decrease night timee awakenings and increases REM sleep

Pharmacology (47 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions