Uterine Pathology Flashcards
Indications for endometrial sampling?
Abnormal uterine bleeding. Investigations of infertility. Spontaneous and therapeutic abortion . Assessment of response to hormonal therapy. Endometrial ablation. Prior to hysterectomy Thickened endometrium on scan. Endometrial cancer screening in high risk patients.
Different types of abnormal uterine bleeding?
Menorrhagia Menorrhagia Polymenorrhoea Polymenorrhagia Amenorrhoea Oligomenorrhoea
Organic endometrial causes of AUB?
Endometritis
Polyp
Miscarriage
Organic myometrium causes of AUB?
Adenomyosis
Leiomyoma
Causes of AUB in adolescence / early repro life?
Anovulatory
Pregnancy/ miscarriage
Endometritis
Bleeding disorders
Causes of AUB in repro life / pre menopause?
Endometritis/ endometrial polyp Leiomyoma Adenomyosis Exogenous hormone effects Bleeding disorders Hyperplasia Neoplasia, cervical, endometrial
Causes of AUB post menopause?
Atrophy Endometrial polyp Exogenous hormones Endometritis Bleeding disorders Hyperplasia Endometrial carcinoma Sarcoma
Methods of assessing g endometrium?
Transvaginal ultrasound
Biopsy
Hysteroscopy
Indications for endometrial biopsy?
Endometrial thickness:
>4mm post menopause
>16mm pre menopause
Methods of sampling the endometrium?
Endometrial pipelle
Dilatation and curretage
When is AUB most common?
At either end of reproductive life
What is endometritis?
Abnormal pattern of inflammatory cells
What is chronic plasmacytic endometritis associated with?
PID
How do endometrial polyps present?
Usually asymptomatic or else bleeding or discharge
When do endometrial polyps tend to occur?
Around or after menopause
