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Repro > Normal Labour And Puerperium > Flashcards

Normal Labour And Puerperium Flashcards

1
Q

Effect of oestrogen on uterus?

A

Makes it contract

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2
Q

Effect of progesterone on uterus ?

A

Keeps it settled

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3
Q

Oxytocin a relationship with contractions?

A

Initiates and sustains contractions

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4
Q

What is the fergusons reflex?

A

Neuroendocrine reflex comprising self-sustaining cycle of uterine contractions initiated by pressure at cervix or vaginal wall

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5
Q

What is bishops score and what does it comprise of?

A 
Method of determining if safe to induce labour.
Position 
Consistency
Affacement 
Dilatation
Station in pelvis
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6
Q

What happens in 1st latent stage of labour?

A

Mild irregular uterine contractions
Cervix shortens and softens
Duration variable

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7
Q

What Happens in 1st active phase of labour?

A

4cm to full dilatation
Slow decent of presenting part
Contractions become more rhythmic and stronger

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8
Q

What happens in 2nd stage of labour?

A

Complete dilatation of cervix (10cm) to delivery of baby
Nullparous - up to 3hrs with analgesia and 2 hrs without
Multiparous- up to 2 hrs with analgesia and 1 hr without

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9
Q

What happens in the 3rd stage of delivery?

A

Delivery of baby to expulsion of placenta and fetal membranes.
Lasts about 10mins - if longer than 1 hour, removal under GA

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10
Q

What changes happen to cervix?

A

Softening

Ripening

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11
Q

What causes cervical softening?

A

Increase in hyaluronic acid - increase in molecules among collagen fibres.
Decrease in bridging among collagen fibres -> decreases firmness of cervix

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12
Q

What are Braxton-hicks contractions?

A

Tightening of uterine muscles - false labour.
Felt in 2nd and 3rd trimester.
Irregular, don’t increases in frequency or intensity.
Quite painless.

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13
Q

What hormone stimulates contractions?

A

Oxytocin

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14
Q

What happens to contractions and labour progresses?

A

Evenly spaced but get closer together.

Get more intense and painful.

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15
Q

Where the contractions originate?

A

Pacemaker region of tubal Ostia

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16
Q

What is the most suitable pelvis shape?

A

Gynaecoid pelvis

17
Q

What is an anthropoid pelvis?

A

Oval shaped inlet with large anterio-posterior diameter and smaller transverse diameter

18
Q

What is an android pelvis?

A

Triangular/ heart shaped inlet and is narrower from front.

Afro-Caribbean

19
Q

What are the cardinal movements?

A 
Engagement
Decent
Flexion
Internal rotation 
crowing and extension 
Restitution and external rotation 
Expulsion
20
Q

When does expulsion of placenta occur?

A

About 5-10 mins after delivery - normal up until 30 mins

21
Q

Analgesic option during delivery?

A 
Paracetamol/ co-codamol
TENS
Entomox
Diamorphine
Epidural
Remifentanyl
Combined spinal/ epidural
22
Q

Normal blood loss during delivery?

A

<500mls

23
Q

Abnormal blood loss during delivery ?

A

> 500mls

24
Q

Significant blood loss during delivery?

A

> 1500mls

25
Q

What is puerpeurium?

A

Period of Repair and recovery

26
Q

How long does it take for tissues to return to non-pregnant state?

A

6 weeks

27
Q

What is Lochia?

A

Vaginosis discharge containing blood, mucus and endometrial castings

28
Q

Rubra Lochia?

A

Fresh red

29
Q

Serosa lochia?

A

Brownish red, watery

30
Q

Alba Lochia?

A

Yellow

31
Q

How long after delivery does flood stained discharge last?

A

10-14 days

32
Q

How long does it take for endometrium to regenerate after delivery?

A

About a week

33
Q

What is lactation initiated by?

A

Placental expulsion

34
Q

For lactation, what are the change in hormones?

A

Decrease in oestrogen
Decrease in progesterone
Prolactin is maintained

Repro (39 decks)

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