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Repro > Bleeding In Early Preganancy > Flashcards

Bleeding In Early Preganancy Flashcards

1
Q

When in first trimester?

A

-13 weeks

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2
Q

When is second trimester

A

13-27weeks

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3
Q

When is third trimester?

A

28 weeks - term

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4
Q

Causes of bleeding?

A 
Miscarriage 
Ectopic 
Molar
Implantation bleeding 
Chorionic haematoma
Cervical causes 
Vaginal causes
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5
Q

Miscarriage symptoms?

A

Positive UPT
Bleeding primary symptom
Cramps

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6
Q

Causes of misscarriage?

A 
Embryonic abnormality 
Immunologic 
Infections 
Environmental 
Iatrogenic 
Associations - smoking, cocaine, alcohol missuse
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7
Q

Pathophysiology of miscarriage?

A

Unclear

? Bleeding from placental bed or chorion cussing hypoxia and villous/ placental dysfunction -> embryonic demise

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8
Q

Threatened miscarriage?

A

Risk to pregnancy.

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9
Q

Inevitable miscarriage?

A

Pregnancy can’t be saved

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10
Q

Incomplete miscarriage

A

Part of pregnancy lost already

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11
Q

Complete miscarriage ?

A

All of pregnancy lost, uterus empty

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12
Q

Early foetal demise?

A

Pregnancy in situ but no heartbeat

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13
Q

Management of miscarriage?

A

Emotional support
Investigations - FBC, g&S, BhCG, USS , histology
Treatment - conservative, medical, surgical
Anti-D administration

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14
Q

How many miscarriages to be a recurrent miscarriage?

A

3 or more

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15
Q

Causes of recurrent miscarriages ?

A 
Anti phospholipid syndrome 
Thrombophilia 
Balanced translocation 
Uterine abnormality 
Independent risk factor
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16
Q

Commonest site for ectopic pregnancy?

A

Fallopian tube

17
Q

Presentation of ectopic pregnancy

A 
Pain 
Bleeding 
Dizziness/collapse 
Should tip pain 
SOB
18
Q

Management of ectopic pregnancy?

A

Surgical if acutely unwell
Medical if woman stable, ectopic small and unruptured, low levels of BhCG
Conservative for well patient

19
Q

Is a molar pregnancy viable?

A

No

20
Q

What is a complete mole?

A

Egg without DNA

No foetus

21
Q

What is a partial mole?

A

Haploid egg

May have foetus

22
Q

Presentation of molar pregnancy?

A 
Hypermeresis 
Varied bleeding and passage of grape like tissue 
Fundus larger than dates
Occasional SOB 
Snow storm appearance on USS
23
Q

Management of molar pregnancy?

A

Surgical and tissue for histology

Molar pregnancy services

24
Q

When does implantation bleeding occur?

A

About 10 days post ovulation

25
Q

What is a chorionic haematoma?

A

Pooling of blood between endometrium and embryo due to separation - sub chorionic

26
Q

Cervical causes of bleeding?

A

Ectopic
Infection - chlamydia, gonococcal, bacterial
Polyp
Malignancy

27
Q

Treatment for chorionic haematoma?

A

Usually self limited and resolve on own

28
Q

Vaginal causes of bleeding

A

Infection
Malignancy
Forgotten Ramon

Repro (39 decks)

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