Newborn Term Infant Flashcards
When is gestation considered term?
After 37 weeks
What is considered post term?
After 41 weeks gestation
What is normal birth weight?
2.5-4 kg
What is considered large for gestational age?
> 4kg
What is considered small for gestational age?
<2.5kg
How does first breath/cry help with perinatal adaptation?
Alveolar expansion
What’s involved in APGAR?
Appearance -blue/ blue at extremities/ no blue
Pulse - no pulse / <100bpm / >100bpm
Grimace - no response / grimace / sneeze, cough cry
Activity - no movement/ some movement / active movement
Respiration - no breathing / weak, slow breathing, strong cry
What is APGAR scored out of?
10
What score in APGAR is considered normal?
8 and above
Categories in appearance (APGAR)
0 - blue all over
1- blue at extremities
2 - no blue
Categories in pulse (APGAR)?
0- no pulse
1- <100bpm
2 - >100bpm
Categories in grimace (APGAR)?
0- no response to stimulation
1- grimace / feeble cry when stimulated
2 - sneezing / coughing / pull away when stimulated
Categories in activity (APGAR)?
0- no movement
1- some movement
2- active movement
Categories in respiration(APGAR) ?
0- no breathing
1- weak, slow or irregular breathing
2- strong cry
When is a formal neonate exam carried out?
About 24 hours old
What’s assessed in the head?
OFC Overlapping sutures Moulding Caput succedameum Fontanelles Ventouse/ forceps marks Cephalhaematoma
What is assessed in the eyes?
Size Red reflex Conjunctival haemorrhage Squints Iris abnormality
What is assessed in the ears?
Position External auditory canal Tags/ pits Folding Family history of hearing loss
What is assessed in the mouth?
Shape Philtrum Tongue tie Palate Neonatal teeth Ebsteins pearls Suckling/ rooting reflex
What is assessed in the face?
Facial palsy
Dysmorphism
Resp- what is assessed?
Chest shape Nasal flaring Grunting Tachypnoea In-drawing Breath sounds
Cardio- what is assessed?
Colour/ saturation Pulses - femoral Apex Thrills/ heaves Heart sounds
Abdo- what is assessed?
Moves with respiration Distension Hernia Umbilicus Bile stained vomit Passage of meconium Anus
GU- what is assessed?
Normal passage of urine
Normal genitalia
Undescended testes
Hypospadius
MSK - what is assessed?
Movement and posture
Limbs and digits
Spine
Hip exam
Neuro - what is assessed?
Alert, responsive Cry Time Posture Movement Primitive reflexes -'suck, rooting, Moro, ATNR, stepping, grasp
