Us3 Rising Fear Of Immigrants Flashcards

1
Q

Why were some people afraid of immigrants?

A

Some saw immigrants as an enemy who brought un American ideas in the country

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2
Q

What was Americans biggest fear around immigration?

A

Communism was especially feared - Americans were concerned that a communist revolution like the one in Russia in 1917 could happen in America

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3
Q

How many Russian immigrants did America let in around 1920s?

A

nearly 1,500,000 Russians

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4
Q

When was the American communist party set up?

A

1919

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5
Q

What is an anarchist?

A

Believe that countries should not be ruled by organised governments but by system where everyone rules themselves through voluntary corporation

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6
Q

Why did many Americans feel they had good reason to fear anarchists?

A

In 1901 an anarchist called Leon Franz Czolgosz has shot dead US president William McKinley

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7
Q

Who was Alexander Mitchell Palmer?

A
  • In charge of America’s law and police
  • Palmer vowed to get rid of America’s communist or reds
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8
Q

What were the Palmer raids?

A
  • around 6000 suspected communists were arrested across 33 cities
  • Little evidence of any communist plans were found
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9
Q

What happened to Alexander Mitchell Palmer?

A
  • in July 1919 bomb destroyed his house
  • a communist newspaper was found next to the body of the suicide bomber
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10
Q

What is the period when the Palmer raids occurred called?

A

The red scare

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11
Q

What happened in Russia in 1917?

A

A political group called the communists had overthrown and later killed their rulers

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12
Q

What was another name for the communists?

A

The ‘Reds’

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13
Q

What did the communist believe?

A
  • That all workers should join together rebel against the countries ruling classes and share all the wealth equally amongst the citizens
  • They were committed to the improvement of workers rights and working conditions
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14
Q

Who were Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti?

A
  • Italian born immigrant anarchist who are charged with robbing a shoe factory and murdering two staff in April 1920
  • 45 day trial began in May 1920
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15
Q

What happened in the trial of Sacco and Vanetti?

A
  • there were doubts about the evidence against them
  • even the judge said Vanzetti may not have actually committed to crime but he is morally to blame because he is our enemy
  • The parents said they were innocent, but it was argued they didn’t understand what was going on because they spoke such poor English.
  • There was no conclusive evidence, but the jury found them guilty and sentenced them to death
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16
Q

Why was the sacco and Vanzetti case significant?

A
  • The trial was reported all over the world and there were huge demonstrations against the verdict
  • Protests said the trial was unfair and the two men found guilty as much for their race and their anarchist ideas as for their actions
17
Q

When were Sacco and Vanzetti finally executed?

A

despite years of protests and appeals the two men were executed by electric chair on the 23rd of August 1927