MEP2 England And The Norman Empire Flashcards

1
Q

When did Cnut’s son Harthacnut die and who took his place on the throne?

A

1042
Edward, Harthacnut’s half brother

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2
Q

When did Edward die and who became king?

A

1066
Edward had no children so there was a rush for the throne from people willing to fight for englands land and wealth

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3
Q

Who wanted to be king after Edward died?

A
  • William Duke of Normandy claimed both Edward and Harold Godwinson had agreed he should take the throne
  • Harold Godwinson the most powerful man in England, the Witan supported his claim to the throne
  • Harald Hardrada Viking ruler of Denmark stated that as Vikings had conquered England for many years he should be king
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4
Q

Who got to be king after Edward died in 1066?

A

The day after Edwards‘s death the Witan elected Harold Godwinson as king 

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5
Q

What happened at the Battle of Stamford bridge?

A

1066
Harald Hadrada was defeated by King Harold

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6
Q

What happened on 14 October 1066?

A

Battle of Hastings
Harold was defeated by William Duke of Normandy

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7
Q

What happened on Christmas Day 1066?

A

William Duke of Normandy was crowned king

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8
Q

How did William the conqueror control the English?

A
  • Have Norman’s land in return for loyalty
  • each Norman Baron and Lord had his own knights and soldiers to keep the peace
  • gave supporters top jobs in the church
  • encouraged Norman Barons to build castles to control the whole of England
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9
Q

Where did William I spend his time?

A

Split between England and France to secure his control and power in Normandy leaving England to be looked after by his baron’s and lords

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10
Q

Where did the Norman kingdom cover?

A

England (not Scotland) northern France, southern Italy, southern coastal region of the Mediterranean, Malta, parts of what is now turky and Syria

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11
Q

How did England change under the Normans?

A
  • French customs where introduced
  • French became the language of those in power
  • the Norman’s built hundreds of new churches, cathedrals and monasteries
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12
Q

When did William the conqueror die?

A

1087

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13
Q

What happened to the Norman kingdom when William I died?

A

It was divided up between his two eldest sons - his youngest son Henry got nothing.

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14
Q

What happened to Henry, William I’s youngest son?

A
  • He became King of England when one of his brothers died.
  • he then defeated his other brother and so the Norman kingdom was again united under Henry I of England
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15
Q

What happened after Henry I died?

A

A powerful noble named Stephen seized the throne - many people felt he had a claim to the throne

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16
Q

Who was Henry I’s daughter and what did Henry plan for her?

A
  • Matilda
  • wanted her to rule after his death
  • Henry married her to powerful French lord Geoffrey of Anjou
17
Q

What happened to Henry’s daughter when he died?

A

She fought back for the next 19 years against Stephen who had claimed the throne

18
Q

What did Matilda and Stephen eventually agree and when?

A

1153 an agreement was reached that Matilda’s son Henry would become king when Stephen died

19
Q

When did king Stephen die and who took the throne?

A

October 1154
Matilda’s son became Henry II of England

20
Q

Explain two ways in which the invasion by Sven Forkbeard and the Norman invasion of 1066 were similar

A

??