Elizabeth Religion Flashcards

1
Q

How did catholics and Protestants differ in their belief of who headed up the church?

A
  • catholics - the pope
  • Protestants - the monarch
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2
Q

How did catholics and Protestants differ on church?

A
  • catholics - services in Latin, churches highly decorated
  • Protestants - services in English, plain churches
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3
Q

What was Elizabeth’s religious settlement?

A
  • compromise in the aim of peace
  • she declared herself ‘governor’ not head of the church
  • allows catholics to worship however they liked in private
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4
Q

What was the northern rebellion and when?

A
  • 1569
  • earl of Westmorland and earl of Northumberland marched south with 4600 men
  • earl of Sussex raised an army against them and the rebels disbanded
  • Northumberland was executed and Westmorland escaped to France
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5
Q

What was the papal bull and when?

A
  • 1570
  • the pope issued a special message- the papal bull
  • called on the people of England not to obey Elizabeth’s laws
  • excommunicated her from the church
  • hoped to stir up rebellion by forcing catholics to choose between their queen and their religion
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6
Q

What was the ridolfi plot and when?

A
  • 1571
  • plot led by Italian Ridolfi
  • involved Duke of Norfolk in a second northern invasion
  • plan to put Mary Queen of Scot’s on the throne
  • the plot was discovered before it could be carried out
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7
Q

What were two further plots after the northern rebellions?

A
  • the throckmorton plot 1583
  • the babington plot 1586
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8
Q

What was the throckmorton plot?

A
  • sir Francis throckmorton
  • assassinate the queen and replace with Mary Queen of Scot’s
  • the plot failed and throckmorton was executed
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9
Q

What was the babington plot?

A
  • Anthony babington
  • murder Elizabeth and replace with Mary Queen of Scot’s
  • plot discovered - led to trial and execution of Mary
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10
Q

Who were the jesuits?

A
  • society of Jesus
  • 1540
  • sent missionaries to England from 1580
  • aimed to convert Protestants to catholics
  • Elizabeth saw jesuits as a threat
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11
Q

What was the catholic threat to England?

A
  • jesuits could undermine the stability of Elizabeth’s religious settlement
  • English catholics - encouraged by the pope’s papal bull
  • European catholics - encouraged by the pope to challenge her authority
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12
Q

How did Elizabeth respond to the catholic threat?

A
  • after 1580 she began to introduce increasingly anti-Catholic laws
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13
Q

What anti catholic laws did Elizabeth introduce?

A
  • 1571 Recusancy - small fines for not attending Protestant services. However Rich people could simply pay the fines and it was not enforced
  • 1581 Recusancy fines increased and strictly enforced. High treason to convert to Catholicism
  • 1585 - any catholic priet ordained after 1559 was considered a traitor
  • 1593 - the statute of confinement - catholics couldn’t travel further than 5 miles from home
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14
Q

How did Elizabeth deal with the Jesuits?

A
  • Edmund campion, a missionary trying to convert people to Catholicism was arrested
  • dragged through London, hanged drawn and quartered
  • message that Elizabeth wouldn’t take any threat lightly
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15
Q

Why did Elizabeth’s religious policy change?

A
  • threats from abroad - France and Spain
  • powerful catholic families in the north of England
  • Ridolfi, Throckmorton, Babington plots
  • Jesuit missionaries
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16
Q

Who were the puritans?

A
  • Strict Protestants
  • wanted to remove all catholic elements from the church
  • wore plain clothing and wanted simple services
17
Q

What were the Presbyterians?

A
  • hard line puritans
  • questioned the queens religious settlement
18
Q

Who were some famous puritans?

A
  • sir Francis walsingham - the queen’s senior minister and spymaster.
  • sir Robert Dudley - privy councillor and potential husband to Elizabeth
19
Q

How did Elizabeth respond to puritans?

A
  • appointed John Whitgift as Archbishop of Canterbury replacing puritan Edmund Grindal
  • he cracked down on puritans
  • fines for puritans and for printing puritan messages