MEP Conquered And Conquerors 793-1500 Flashcards
When and where did the first Viking raid on England take place?
793, Lindisfarne
What year did the Great Heathen Army arrive in England and why did they settle in England?
865, England had more farmland and better resources
What was the name of the King who ruled over Wessex in the 870s
Alfred the Great
Why was the battle of Edington in 878 important?
Alfred beat the vikings and England was split into Wessex and Danelaw
What was Danelaw?
Area that was in viking control, with Danish law and customs
Give two reasons why King Alfred was significant
created a united English kingdom, stopped the vikings conquering all of England
What happened in 978?
Aethelred became king and new waves of viking invaded
What did the Vikings force the Anglo Saxons to pay?
Danegeld - “Danish tax”
When was the St Brice’s Day Massacre? What happened?
1002 Aethelred ordered the mass killing of all viking men, women and children south of the Danelaw
Who attacked England after the Massacre?
The Vikings
When did King Cnut become King?
1016
Name 2 ways that King Cnut united the Saxons and Vikings/Danes.
Became a devout christian
Used Danegeld to pay Vikings to leave
Give two reasons Emma of Normandy was significant
Very influential government with Cnut dual monarchy.
Her marriage to Cnut guaranteed support of Saxon nobles
Name all three countries in Cnut’s empire
England, Denmark, Norway
List 4 factors linked to the Vikings - 1 sentence for each.
They were good fighters due to long boats
They decided to settle in England in 865
They were known to raid and pillage
Tradesmen and mead drinkers
What happened in 1066?
The battle of Hastings - William the Conqueror defeated the Saxons
List 3 changes to Britain after the battle of Hastings
Normans became rulers of britain
Lead to the introduction of common law
Linked England to France
List 4 areas that made up the Angevin Empire.
England, Ireland, France - all ruled by Henry ll
Use 3 words to explain how Henry Il gained his Empire.
inheritance, marrige, war
How did his Empire in Anjou and Brittany make Henry Il rich?
Wine and wool trade
Explain how Henry Il began English rule in Ireland.
sent an army which seized Leinster lands
How did Henry show his power in Ireland?
built castles
Give 2 reasons why was King John unpopular.
lost lots of land
raised taxes because he was in debt
What was signed by King John in 1215? Why was he forced to sign it?
Magna Carta
king John was forced to sign it because he kept raising taxes
Name two demands of the Barons, that King John had agreed to
Taxes cannot be raised without approval of the Barons
He has to follow the laws of the land
Name the 2 battles (and dates) that Edward Ill won, over the French at the start of the 100 Years War.
The Battle of Crécy 1346
1347, won the battle and captured ot calais
What was the name of the French peasant girl who became the symbol of French resistance?
Joan of Arc
What year was the Battle of Agincourt?
1415
Who won the battle of Agincourt and why? (link to a factor).
Henry V
because long bows
Why was this battle significant for the birth of English identity?
National pride, Henry V national hero, common British soldier against the arrogant French nobility
What was significant about the year 1558?
british empire ended
What were the short and long-term consequences of England’s loss of territory in France?
Short term
Financial Strain: The war had been incredibly costly, leaving England heavily in debt and leading to increased taxes that further burdened the population
Social Unrest
Loss of Prestige:
Long term
England looked inward - ultimately led to the age of exploration and the building of the navy
