Urology and Nephrology Vocabulary Flashcards
Urea
Waste derived from ammonia produced through protein metabolism
Genitourinary system
The male organ system that includes reproductive and urinary structures
Nephrology
The medical speciality dealing with the kidneys
Urology
The surgical speciality dealing with the urinary/genitourinary system
Renal
Pertaining to the kidneys
Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy
A noncancerous enlargement of the prostate associated with aging.
Preener Acute Renal Failure
ARF due to decreased blood perfusion of the kidneys
Renal Acute Renal Failure
ARF due to pathology within the kidney tissue itself
Microangiopathy
A disease affecting the smallest blood vessels
Acute Tubular Necrosis
A particular syndrome characterized by the sudden death of tubular cells
Interstitial nephritis
An inflammation within the tissue surrounding the nephrons
Post-renal acute Renal Failure
ARF due to obstruction distal to the kidney
Chronic Renal Failure
Permanently Inadequate renal function due to nephron loss
End-stage renal failure
An extreme failure of kidney function due to nephron loss
Reduced nephron mass
The decrease in number of functional nephrons that causes chronic renal failure.
Reduced Renal Mass
The decreased in kidney size associated with chronic renal failure
Isosthenuria
The inability to concentrate or dilute urine relative to the osmolarity of blood
Glucose Intolerance
The body cells’ inability to take up glucose from the bloodstream.
Uremia
The syndrome of signs and symptoms associated with chronic renal failure.
Renal Dialysis
Artificial Replacement of some critical kidney functions
Dialysate
The solution used in dialysis that is hypoosmolar to many of the wastes and key electrolytes in blood
Hemodialysis
A dialysis procedure relying on vascular access to the blood and on an artificial membrane.
Peritoneal Dialysis
A dialysis procedure relying on the peritoneal membrane as the semipermeable membrane
Renal Calculi
Kidney stones
Priapism
A painful, prolonged erection of the penis
Urinary Tract Infection
An infection, usually bacterial, at any site in the urinary tract.
Urinary Stasis
A condition in which the bladder empties incompletely during urination.
Urethritis
An infection and inflammation of the urethra
Cystitis
An infection and inflammation of the urinary bladder.
Prostatitis
Infection and inflammation of the prostate gland.
Pyelonephritis
An infection and inflammation of the kidney
Intrarenal Abscess
A pocket of infection within kidney tissue
Perinephric Abscess
A pocket of infection in the layer of fat surrounding the kidney
Community-acquired infection
An infection occurring in the non hospitalized patient who i not undergoing regular medical procedures, including the use of instruments such as catheters.
Nosocomial Infection
An infection acquired in a medical setting.
