Gastroenterology Vocabulary Flashcards
Visceral Pain
Dull, poorly localized pain that originates in the walls of hollow organs.
Peritonitis
Inflammation of the peritoneum, which lines the abdominal cavity
Somatic pain
Sharp, localized pain that originates in walls of the body such as skeletal muscles.
Referred pain
Pain that originates in a region other than where it is felt.
Cullen’s Sign
Ecchymosis in the periumbilical area
Grey Turner’s Sign
Acchymosis in the flank
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Bleeding within the gastrointestinal tract proximal to the ligament of Treitz
Ligament of Treitz
Ligament that supports the duodenojejunal junction.
Mallord-Weiss tear
Esophageal laceration, usually secondary to vomiting.
Sengstaken-Blakemore tube
Three-lumen tube used in treating esophageal bleeding
Portal
Pertaining to the flow of blood into the liver
Cirrhosis
Degenerative disease of the liver
Acute Gastroenteritis
Sudden onset of inflammation of the stomach and intestines
Chronic Gastroenteritis
Non-acute inflammation of the gastrointestinal mucosa
Peptic Ulcer
Erosion caused by gastric acid.
Zollinger-Ellison syndrom
Condition that causes the stomach to secrete excessive amounts of hydrochloric acid and pepsin.
Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract distal to the ligament of Treitz.
Pancolitis
Ulcerative colitis spread throughout the entire colon
Procitis
Ulcerative colitis limited to the rectum
Colic
Acute pain associated with cramping and spasms in the abdominal organs
Diverticulitis
Inflammation of diverticula
Diverticulosis
Presence of diverticula, with or without associated bleeding
Diverticula
Small outpouchings in the mucosal lining of the intestinal tract.
Hemorrhoid
Small mass of swollen veins in the anus or rectum
Bowel obstruction
Blockage of the hollow space within the intestines
Hernia
Protrusion of an organ through its protective sheath.
Intussusception
Condition that occurs when part of an intestine slips into the part just distal to itself.
Adhesion
Union of normally separate tissue surface by a fibrous band of new tissue
Volvulus
Twisting of the intestine on itself
Infarction
Are of dead tissue caused by lack of blood.
Appendicitis
Inflammation of the vermiform appendix at the juncture of the large and small intestines.
McBurney’s point
Common site of pain appendicitis, 1-2 inches above the anterior iliac crest in a direct line with the umbilicus.
Murphy’s Sign
Pain cause when an inflamed gallbladder is palpated by pressing under the right costal margin.
