Allergies and Anaphylaxis Vocabulary Flashcards

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1
Q

Hymenoptera

A

Any of an order of highly specialized insects such as bees and wasps.

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2
Q

Immune system

A

The body system responsible for combating infection

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3
Q

Immune Response

A

Complex cascade of events within the body that works toward the destruction or inactivation of pathogens, abnormal cells, or foreign molecules.

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4
Q

Pathogen

A

A disease-produccing agent of invading substance

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5
Q

Toxin

A

Any poisonous chemical secrete by bacteria or released following destruction of the bacteria.

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6
Q

Cellular Immunity

A

Immunity resulting from direct attack of a foreign substance by specialized cells of the immune system.

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7
Q

Humoral Immunity

A

Immunity resulting from attack of an invading substance by antibodies

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8
Q

Antibody

A

Principal agent of a chemical attack of an invading substance

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9
Q

Immunoglobulin

A

Alternative term for antibody

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10
Q

Antigen

A

Any substance that is capable, under appropriate conditions, of inducing a specific immune response.

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11
Q

Primary resonse

A

Initial, generalized response to an antigen

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12
Q

Secondary response

A

Resigns by the immune system that takes place if the body is exposed to the same antigen again; in secondary response, antibodies specific for the offending antigen are released.

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13
Q

Natural immunity

A

Genetically predetermined immunity that is present at birth; also called innate immunity.

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14
Q

Acquired immunity

A

Immunity that develops over time and results from exposure to an antigen.

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15
Q

Naturally acquired immunity

A

Immunity that begins to develop after the birth and is continually enhanced by exposure to new pathogens and antigens throughout life.

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16
Q

Induced active immunity

A

Immunity achieved through vaccination given to generate an immune response that results in the development of antibodies specific for the injected antigen; also called artificially acquired immunity.

17
Q

Active Immunity

A

Acquired immunity that occurs following exposure to an antigen and results in the production of antibodies specific for the antigen

18
Q

Passive Immunity

A

Acquired immunity that results from administration of antibodies either from mother to the infant across the placental barrier (natural passive immunity) or through vaccination (induced passive immunity).

19
Q

What type of hypersensitivity reaction is anaphylaxis?

A

Immediate hypersensitivity reaction.

20
Q

Basophil

A

Type of white blood cell that participates in allergic responses

21
Q

Mast cell

A

Specialized cell of the immune system which contains chemicals that assist in the immune response.

22
Q

Histamine

A

A product of mast cells and basophils that causes vasodilation, capillary permeability, bronchoconstriction, and contraction of the gut.

23
Q

Angioneurotic Edema

A

Marked edema of the skin that usually involves the head, neck, face, and upper airway; common manifestation of sever allergic reactions and anaphylaxis.

24
Q

Slow-reaction substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A)

A

Substance released from basophils and mast cells that causes spasm of the bronchiole smooth muscle, resulting in an asthma-like attack and occasionally asphyxia.

25
Q

What are t he four types of allergic reactions?

A

Immediate (Anaphylaxis)
Cytotoxic (transfusion)
Immune Complex (Lupus Erythematosis)
Delayed (Poison IV)