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Paramedic Lecture: 2nd Semester > Cardiology Test Review > Flashcards

Cardiology Test Review Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the two major branches of the left coronary artery?

A

Left anterior descending and circumflex arteries

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2
Q

I am a HR of 60 with a PR interval that widens until I drop a QRS. What am I?

A

Winkebach

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3
Q

I have 3 p waves before ever yQRS and a PR interval of .14 with a WRS of .08. I am regular and rapid at 140 beats per minute. What am I?

A

A-flutter

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4
Q

Describe S1

A

Mitral and tricuspid valves closing

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5
Q

Describe S2

A

Aortic and semilunar valves closing

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6
Q

1 large box of height on the ECG paper is hoe many millivolts?

A

.5 Millivolts

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7
Q

Name the first line med for confirmed v-tach with a pulse?

A

Amiodarone 150 mg/10min

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8
Q

Normal QT interval is?

A

.33-.42 seconds

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9
Q

I have rapid irregular heart rate of 160-200 with chest pain, PB is 100/50. Treat me.

A

Cadizem .25 mg/kg or Metoprolol 5 mg

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10
Q

ACLS first line medication for symptomatic PT in wide complex tachycardia is?

A

Adenosine 6 mg

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11
Q

Cardiac monitor shows a sinus rhythm with an occasional early beat. Looking at the beat there is no P wave, and the QRS looks normal at .10. This is most likely?

A

PJC

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12
Q

Upward deflection in the ECG paper represents?

A

Positive impulse (electricity moving towards the positive lead)

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13
Q

Name the 4 chambers of the heart?

A

Left and right atrium and left and right ventricles

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14
Q

These specialized givers connect to the cardiac valves preventing prolapse and back flow in the heart?

A

Chordae Tendineae

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15
Q

This is the inner most layer of the heart

A

Endocardium

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16
Q

These 5 electrolytes are responsible for the cardiac function…

A

Sodium, Potassium, Magnesium, Calcium, and Chloride

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17
Q

Sodium Chemical Name

A

Na+

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18
Q

Magnesium Chemical Name

A

Mg++

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19
Q

Chloride Chemical Name

A

Ch-

20
Q

Calcium Chemical Name

A

Ca+

21
Q

Potassium Chemical Name

A

K+

22
Q

What is resting potential?

A

The normal electrical state of the cardiac cells where Potassium is resting inside the cell and Sodium is resting outside the cell.

23
Q

What is the first med for Bradycardia?

A

Atropine

24
Q

What receptors are located in the hear and are responsible for increased heart rate and contractility?

A

B1 Receptors

25
Q

The parasympathetic nervous system (vagus nerve) innervates the heart through the?

A

Cardiac Plexus

26
Q

What meds are commonly prescribed to PT’s who have A-fib?

A

Digoxin, Coumadin, Cardizem, Verapamil, Metoprolol, Amiodarone

27
Q

What structures within the cardiac muscle fibers conduct electricity 400 times faster than the standard cell membrane.

A

Intercalated Disk

28
Q

What is the sequence of events that occurs between the end of one heart contraction and the end of the next?

A

Cardiac Cycle

29
Q

ECG shows a regular rhythm with a PRI of .25 and a QRS of .22 and a hr of 70. What rhythm is this?

A

Sinus Rhythm with first degree heart block

30
Q

What is the inability of the heart to meet the metabolic need of the body, resulting in inadequate tissue perfusion?

A

Cardiogenic Shock

31
Q

What are 6 things that can cause chest pain/ discomfort?

A

Angina, PE, Reflux, Pleuritic pain, Musculoskeletal Pain, Costal Congitis, Aortic Dissection

32
Q

How do we care for ROSC patients?

A

12 Lead EKG, ice, Labs, and a doctor

33
Q

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea is most commonly caused by?

A

Left Heart Failure

34
Q

What pneumonic is used to help providers remember how to treat chest pain?

A

MONA

35
Q

How does morphine have vasodilatory effects?

A

Because it releases histamine

36
Q

Primary treatment of a PT with chest pain and dyspnea should be focused on cardiac. True or false?

A

False

Airway comes first!

37
Q

What is Atherosclerosis?

A

A progressive, degenerative disease of the medium-sized and large arteries.

38
Q

Pericarditis is what?

A

Irritation of the sac around the heart. This leads to many of the leads in a 12 lead EKG being effected.

39
Q

In treatment of a stable PT in SVT, oxygen is administered and IV is started. What is the next treatment for this PT?

A

As them to do a Vagal Maneuver

40
Q

PT in V-tach with a pulse, but unstable and has an altered LOC, chest pain, and severer hypotension. Your treatment should be?

A

Electro-cardioversion at 50-100j

41
Q

What is vasculitis?

A

Inflammation of the blood vessels

42
Q

PT has a rapid, irregular, narrow rhythm at a rate of 200-230. PT is unstable with altered LOC, hypotension, and Dyspnea. What should your treatment be?

A

Electro-cardioversion at 120-200j

43
Q

Pt presents with chest pain, and shortness of breath. Pain is sharp and moves into his back. Pt is pale, hypotensive, right arm BP is 80/50 and left arm is 140-90. What should I suspect?

A

Aortic DIssection

44
Q

What things will help me figure out why my PT is in PEA?

A

H’s and T’s

45
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of Beck’s Triad?

A

Muffled Heart tones
Narrowing Pulse Pressure
JVD

Paramedic Lecture: 2nd Semester (48 decks)

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