Test 4 Review Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Proliferative Phase

A

Build up of the uterine wall

Dominated by estrogen, which causes the uterine lining (endometrium) to thicken

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Secretory Phase

A

Phase immediately surrounding ovulation. If egg is not fertilized during this phase, estrogen level drops sharply.
Progesterone level dominates.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ischemic Phase

A

Estrogen and progesterone levels fall.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Menstrual Phase

A

Ischemic endometrium is shed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

PID

A
Pelvic Inflammatory disease
Commonly occurs in women 15-24 who are sexually active.
Common causes are Gonorrhea and Chlamydia
Signs and Symptoms:
Pain
Shuffling gait
Fever 
Chills
Nausea
Vomiting
Sepsis
Foul-smelling vaginal discharge
Obvious rebound tenderness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Mittelschmerz

A
Abdominal pain associated with ovulation
Signs and Symptoms:
Unilateral lower quadrant pain
Low-grade fever
Bleeding at time of ovulation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Endometritis

A
Infection of the endometrium
Signs and symptoms:
Severe lower abdominal pain
Bloody, foul-smelling discharge
Fever between 101 and 104°F
Usually occurs 48 to 72 hours after the gynecological procedure or miscarriage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How to treat gynecological trauma

A
Put pressure on site
Established IV is bleeding a severe
Transport and left lateral recumbent position
Objectively state what happened
Document what patient says
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What changes are generally associated with pregnancy?

A

Breast enlargement
Progesterone causes decreasing airway resistance that results in 20% increase in oxygen consumption and 40% increase in tile volume.
Maternal blood volume increases by 45%
Pregnant female may suffer 30 to 35% blood loss without significant change in vital signs
Maternal heart rate increases by 10 to 15 bees per minute
Estrogen increases thickness of vaginal mucosa
Peristalsis is slowed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How many umbilical veins are there in an infant?

A

One

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How many umbilical arteries are there in an infant?

A

Two

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Ductus Venosus

A

Specialized structure that allows the umbilical vein to connect to the inferior vena cava of the infant.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ductus arteriosus

A

Specialized structure that allows the pulmonary artery to connect directly with the aorta of an infant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Foramen Ovale

A

A hole in the heart of the unborn infant between the right and left atria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Placenta previa

A

Nonpainful cause of bleeding in pregnancy

Cost to buy placenta covering the cervix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Abruptio Placenta

A

Painful cause of bleeding in pregnancy

Caused when the placenta begins to tear away from the uterine wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Preeclampsia

Signs and symptoms

A
Increase in systolic blood pressure of 30 mmHg and/or a diastolic increase to 15 mmHg over baseline on at least two separate occasions at six hours apart.
If no baseline blood pressure is available, A blood pressure of 140/90 is considered hypertensive.
Hypertension
Headaches
Photosensitivity
Edema
Pulmonary Edema
Dramatic increase in urine output
18
Q

When does preeclampsia become eclampsia?

A

When seizures develop

Often presided by visual disturbances, flashing lights or spots, epigastric pain or pain in the right upper quadrant.

19
Q

How do you treat preeclamptic and eclamptic patients?

A

Preeclamptic- begin IV of NS and possibly administer 2-4 G of magnesium sulfate
Eclamptic- begin IV of NS and give 2-5 G magnesium sulfate. If seizures develop, consider valium or other sedative.

20
Q

Gestational Diabetes

Signs and symptoms

A

Placental hormones can cause an increased resistance to insulin and a decreased glucose tolerance.
Signs and symptoms:
Diaphoresis
Tachycardia
If blood sugar gets too low, Patients may have a seizure
Abdominal pain
Increased urination
Recent infection
Treatment:
If BG below 60, give 25-50 G of 50 percent dextrose IV
If PT can swallow, give sugared soda or orange juice, or glucose pastes
IF BG exceeds 200, give 1-2 L of sodium chloride IV

21
Q

Stages of labor

A

Stage one- Dilatation Stage, ends with the complete dilatation and effacement of the cervix
Stage two- Expulsion Stage, begins with the complete dilatation of the cervix and ends with the delivery of the fetus. Contractions every two minutes, Lasting for 60-75 seconds.
Stage three- Placental Stage- Placenta usually delivers within 5-20 minutes. Do not delay transport to wait for delivery.

22
Q

When to assist neonatal breathing?

A

If respirations are less than 30 permit and tactile stimulation does not improve rate. In this case give high flow high concentration oxygen and assist ventilations.

23
Q

What factors stimulate a baby’s first breath?

A

Mild acidosis
Stretch receptors
Hypoxia
Hypothermia

24
Q

Meningomyelocle

A

Spinal cord protruding from spinal column

25
Q

Omphalocele

A

Congenital hernia of the umbilicus

26
Q

Normal vital for age group 0 to 3 months

A

Heart rate: 85-205
Respirations: 30-60
Blood pressure: Systolic greater than 60

27
Q

Normal vitals for age group 3 months-2 years

A

Heart rate: 100-190
Respirations: 24-40
Blood pressure 1-12 months: above 70 systolic
Blood pressure 1-2 years: 70 + 2 X age

28
Q

Normal vitals for ages 2 to 10 years

A
Heart rate: 60-140
Respirations: 
Preschooler- 22-34
School Age- 18-30
Blood pressure: 70 + 2 X age
29
Q

PDA (patente ductus arteriosus)

A

When ductus arterioles doesn’t close completely

30
Q

What is something you should check on all sick infants?

A

Blood glucose levels

31
Q

The blood glucose levels are below 40 in an infant what should be used to treat them?

A

D5W or D10W

32
Q

Persistent fetal circulation

A

Condition in which blood continues to bypass the fetal respiratory system, resulting in ongoing hypoxia.

33
Q

What is the age of an infant?

A

Six to twelve months

34
Q

What is the age of a toddler?

A

One to 3 years

35
Q

What is the age of a preschooler?

A

3 to 5 years

These children know how to talk and have a weird sense of time

36
Q

What is the most pressure that should be used when suctioning out an infant?

A

100 mmHg

37
Q

What is the longest period of time one should suction an infant?

A

10 seconds

38
Q

What is one thing that should always be done before intubation?

A

Give atropine

39
Q

What is the formula for finding out what the correct tube size is for intubation in a infant?

A

Age + 16/4

40
Q

Emergency medical services for children (EMSC)

A

Federally funded program aimed at improving the health of pediatric patients who suffer from life-threatening illnesses and injuries

41
Q

Pierre Robin Syndrome

A

Unusually small jaw, combined with a cleft palate, downward displacement of the tongue, and an absent gag reflex.