Urogenital apparatus Male reproductive organs (struc) Flashcards
Urogenital apparatus
(1st slide is picture - imp. GO THROUGH SLIDES AS WELL!)
Scrotum
- Protects and supports the ?
- ?-chambered pouch
– Separated by a ? ((2) in pic - go thru slides) into right and left halves
– Each half containing a testis (7), epididymis (9), and the distal portion of the spermatic cord (including 8 and other elements)
Scrotum
- Protects and supports the testis
- dual-chambered pouch
– Separated by a septum ((2) in pic - go thru slides) into right and left halves
– Each half containing a testis (7), epididymis (9), and the distal portion of the spermatic cord (including 8 and other elements)
know where the
skin and dartos is
external spermatic fascia
internal spermatic fascia (don’t have to know how to differentiate between them)
VVP (? to ?)
visceral vaginal tunic
vaginal cavity
parietal vaginal tunic - vulnerable and prone to infection
VVP (innermost to outermost)
visceral vaginal tunic
vaginal cavity
parietal vaginal tunic
Testes (Testicles) = male gonads
- Migrate from their developmental position near the kidneys to a location outside the body (?)
- Ovoid, covered in a tough fibrous capsule (tunica albuginea)
** Role: ? and ? function (testosterone) **
Testes (Testicles) = male gonads
- Migrate from their developmental position near the kidneys to a location outside the body (scrotum)
- Ovoid, covered in a tough fibrous capsule (tunica albuginea)
** Role: spermatogenesis and endocrine function (testosterone) **
Epididymis
- Maturation and storage of ?
- One long duct coiled; presents 3 parts
– Head (red arrow) - sperm enter here from the ?
– Body (blue arrow)
– Tail (green arrow) - continuous with the ? deferens
see pic in slide - know where head, body and tail of epididymis are (tail = left side)
Epididymis
- Maturation and storage of spermatozoa
- One long duct coiled; presents 3 parts
– Head (red arrow) - sperm enter here from the testes
– Body (blue arrow)
– Tail (green arrow) - continuous with the ductus deferens
see pic in slide - know where head, body and tail of epididymis are (tail = left side)
Ductus deferens
- Continues from the ? of the epididymis
- Enters the ? cavity as part of the spermatic cord ???????????????????????????
- Crosses the ? aspect of the urinary bladder to enter into the pelvic ?
Ductus deferens
- Continues from the tail of the epididymis
- Enters the abdominal cavity as part of the spermatic cord ???????????????????????????
- Crosses the lateral aspect of the urinary bladder to enter into the pelvic urethra
MALE URETHRA
- Pelvic ? – located within the pelvic cavity, receives the opening of the ducti deferentes
- Penile urethra – exits the ? aspect of the pelvis (see red line), is part of the structures of the penis
- End: ? urethral orifice
WHERE EXACTLY IS THE PELVIC URETHRA????????????
MALE URETHRA
- Pelvic urethra – located within the pelvic cavity, receives the opening of the ducti deferentes
- Penile urethra – exits the caudal aspect of the pelvis (see red line), is part of the structures of the penis
- End: external urethral orifice
Accessory sex glands
- Responsible for the production of ? plasma
- ? gland * – only one visible in the ?; surrounds the ? urethra
- ampulla
- vesicular glands
- Bulbourethral glands
Accessory sex glands
- Responsible for the production of seminal plasma
- prostate gland * – only one visible in the dog; surrounds the pelvic urethra (in pic it is the line coming out of prostate gland - oval shape thing where ductus deferens ends)
- ampulla
- vesicular glands
- Bulbourethral glands
- Describe the main segments and structures of the penis.
PENIS - segments
- Is the male ? organ, composed of 3 parts:
- ? - anchored to the ? arch
- ?
- ? – most ? aspect of penis; the dog:
PENIS - segments
- Is the male copulatory organ, composed of 3 parts:
- root - anchored to the ischial arch (leftmost in pic - the tip ????????????????????? but its anchored to ischial arch??????????)
- body
- glans – most distal aspect of penis; the dog:
- consists of bulbous glandis and pars longa glandis
- contains the os penis
F = free end of penis
GP = glans penis
PF = preputial fold
UP = urethral process
- Differentiate and compare the two main types of penises, based on the type of erection mechanism. Give an example of species for each.
Penis – erectile tissues
- Corpus ? – ? erectile tissue
- Corpus ?
– Expands as the ? of the penis proximally (at the root)
– Surrounds the penile ?
– Continues as the ? (apex) of the penis distally
Penis – erectile tissues
- Corpus cavernosum – main erectile tissue
- Corpus spongiosum
– Expands as the bulb of the penis proximally (at the root)
– Surrounds the penile urethra
– Continues as the glans (apex) of the penis distally
- Differentiate and compare the two main types of penises, based on the type of erection mechanism. Give an example of species for each.
Penis - Os penis
In dog
- ? bone
- ? groove located along the ventral aspect: provides ? for ?
In dog
- visceral bone
- urethral groove located along the ventral aspect
- Differentiate and compare the two main types of penises, based on the type of erection mechanism. Give an example of species for each.
- Describe the prepuce with its external and internal lamina.
PENIS
Erection is brought about by a ? of the retractor penis muscle and the erectile tissues filling with ?
2 types:
1. ?–large amounts of erectile tissue: stallion, ?, ?
- Engorges and grows in ?, as the erectile tissues are filled with ?.
- fibroelastic - limited amounts of erectile tissues, contains a ? flexure (absent in musculocavernous): ?, boar and ram
- Does not change in girth, but the sigmoid flexure is ? out when the erectile tissue is flooded with blood, hence the perceived growth in length.
PENIS
Erection is brought about by a relaxation of the retractor penis muscle and the erectile tissues filling with blood
2 types:
1. musculocavernous – large amounts of erectile tissue: stallion, dog, human
- Engorges and grows in length, as the erectile tissues are filled with blood.
- fibroelastic - limited amounts of erectile tissues, contains a sigmoid flexure (absent in musculocavernous): bull, boar and ram
- Does not change in girth, but the sigmoid flexure is smoothed out when the erectile tissue is flooded with blood, hence the perceived growth in length.
- Describe the prepuce with its external and internal lamina.
Prepuce
* Fold of ? covering the glans penis
- External lamina
– The ? skin of the outer surface - Internal lamina
– Terminates at the ?, where it becomes continuous with the skin of the ?
- Describe the prepuce with its external and internal lamina.
Prepuce
* Fold of skin covering the glans penis
- External lamina
– The haird skin of the outer surface - Internal lamina
– Terminates at the fornix, where it becomes continuous with the skin of the glans
