Urinary Elimination - Unit 5 Flashcards
Normal elimination of urinary wastes is an essential basic physiological function. T/F?
True!
What are the basic components of the urinary system?
2 Kidneys, 2 ureters, bladder, urethra.
Urine moves in ___, and moves voluntarily/involuntarily?
Moves in waves and involuntarily.
How many layers does the bladder have? What is the muscle called?
Detrusor muscle - 3 layers!
The bladder can typically hold about ____ mL of urine. (not holding it!)
600 mL.
What are the functions of kidneys?
Removes waste products of metabolism form blood, regulates body fluid and electrolyte balance, produces several hormones vital to B/P regulation, production of RBC’s and bone mineralization.
There’s an average of ____ CC of blood, which passes through the kidney’s every minute.
1200 CC.
About ___% of the filtrate (the 1200) that passes through the kidney’s is reabsorbed into the plasma. Only __ percent of the filtrate is excreted as urine.
99%/1%
What is the normal adult urine output? (every 24hr)
1200-1500CC every 24 hours.
___ CC or greater per hour is generally normal.
60.
Output of less than __ CC per hour may indicate renal alterations. Call the doc!
30
What is micturition?
Process of emptying urinary bladder - also called voiding, urination, etc.
Voluntary control of micturition is possible only if ___ that process this function are intact; must be able to sense bladder is full.
NERVES.
Children - desire to control daytime urinary elimination occurs when a children becomes aware of (2 things):
Discomfort of a wet diaper, sensation that indicates need for elimination of urine.
Micturition factors in older people -
Decreased kidney size, decreased glomerular filtration rate, decreased ability to concentrate urine, decreased ability to empty bladder, difficulty emptying full bladder, difficulty starting urine stream, decreased ability to maintain urinary continence.
Increased Fluid intake inhibits release of ____, which leads to inhibition of water reasborption which leads to increased urine.
ADH
Decreased fluid intake facilitates release of ____, which leads to facilitation of water reabsorption, which leads to decreased urine.
ADH.
Alcohol and caffeine leads to decreased ___ and increased ____.
ADH/Urine.
Fluids containing Na+ leads to increased reabsorption of water and ___ urine.
Decreased.
Certain foods may increase urine production and elimination if high in __ content.
Certain foods may decrease urine production and elimination if high in ___ content.
FLUID/SODIUM.
Cholinergics - \_\_ urinary elimination. Anticholinergics - \_\_\_ urinary retention. Opioids - \_\_\_ urinary retention. Duretics - \_\_ urinary production. Others can change \_\_\_.
Aids. Promotes. Promotes. Increases. COLOR.
Activity - decreased abdominal tone leads to decreased intra-abdominal pressure which leads to ___ pressure on bladder during voiding.
Decreased.
Decreased tone of pelvic floor muscles leads to decreased ability of urinary sphincter to hold back urine when under pressure. T/F?
True!
Anxiety/Stress - stimulation of ANS leads to decreased detrusor muscle contractions which leads to increased tone of urinary sphincter which leads to…?
Urinary retention!
