Assessment of the Ear, Nose & Mouth - Unit 2 Flashcards
Assessment of the ears - what are some of the things we are looking for?
Color (same color, etc.), symmetry of size (small could be congenital abnormality of the kidney’s!), position, palpation, etc.
Macrotia - large ear. T/F?
True!
Microtia - def
small ear.
Abnormalities of the ears - low ears = ___, lesions, tenderness, otorrhea (what is it?)
Downs.
Discharge from the ear!
Presbycusis - generalized ____ ___ - especially _ __.
Generalized hearing loss, especially high pitch.
What are some signs of hearing loss?
Lip reading, posturing of head to catch sounds, acts irritable when your voice is raised, person’s speech sounds garbled, etc.
What is some subjective data for the ear?
Earaches, infections, discharge, hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo, self care, etc.
Ears - some changes with aging?
Less earwax and drier earwax, hair growth on helix, anithelix, and tragus. Pinnca increase in length, etc.
Conductive hearing loss - def
problem with transmission of soundwaves through outter/middle years.
Senseuroneural hearing loss - def
inner ear damage.
Mixed Hearing loss - what is it?
A mix between senseroneural hair loss/conductive hearing loss.
Assessment of the Nose - looking for what?
Shape, size, color, flaring (nostrils), discharge, etc.
Epistaxis - def
Bloody Drainage/Nose.
Rhinorrhea - what kind of drainage?
Thing/watery drainage!
Nasal Cavities - inspection for…
Color, texture, moisture, lesions, discharge, etc.
Rhinitis - def
inflammation of nasal mucosa.
What is some subjective data for the mouth?
Trauma, diet, disease, bad breath, dental work, any teeth missing? Dry mouth? Tonsils? Etc.
Lips - inspection - what?
Symmetry, color, texture, moisture, presence of lesions, etc.
Glossitis - what is it?
Inflammation of the tongue.
Red, beefy tongue that is smooth - what deficiency would this be?
Vitamin B12 deficiency!
Black, hairy tongue? What could this be caused by?
Overuse of antibiotics!
Parotid Gland - located where? What does it secrete and where?
Located near ears - secretes via Stensen’s duct that opens opposite the second upper molar teeth!
Submandibular - located where? What does it secrete and where?
Beneath base of the tongue - Wharton’s duct enters lateral to the lingual frenulum.
Sublingual - located where? What does it secrete and where?
Superior to submandibular; duct opens into floor of mouth.
How many teeth do we normally have?
32.
Teeth should be….
firm, in place, pearly white and shiny.
Gums - normal includes…?
Pink, moist, clearly defined margins, no retraction.
Gingivitis - def
inflammation of the gums.
Dark line on gum margin (corner) - what does it mean?
Blood Poisoning?
Aphthous Ulcers - what is this?
Canker Sore
Candidiasis - what is this? Caused by what?
Thrush! When normal flora is disturbed by antibiotics. It can be scraped off!
Leukoplakia - caused by..
chewing tobacco/long term smoking. It is a pre-cursor to mouth cancer!
Stomatitis - inflammation of the…
oral mucosa.
Tonsils - say “___” to check.
AH!
What are the 4 grades for tonsils?
1 - Behind tonsillar pillars.
2 - Between pillars and uvula.
3 - Touch the uvula!
4 - Extend to midline of oropharynx.
Mouth of the elderly - mucosa drier, thinner, decreased taste, loose dentin that is stained, etc. T/F?
True!
