Stress & Adaptation - Unit 6

Question 1

Homeostasis - def

Answer 1

Body’s tendency to maintain itself in state of relative constancy.

Question 2

ANS - functions in…

Answer 2

regulating internal environment of body.

Question 3

Sympathetic Nervous System - prepares body to….

Answer 3

handle situations perceived as harmful/stressful and to participate in strenuous activity.

Question 4

What are some effects of stress on the body? (SNS)

Answer 4

Dilated pupils, inhibited secretions, decreased sweat production, increased HR, dilation of bronchioles, decreased digestion, increased release of glucose by liver, vasoconstriction of arteries to increase BP, increased blood clotting, increased metabolic rate, increased mental alertness.

Question 5

Parasympathetic Nervous System - operates during….

Answer 5

non stressful situations - it conserves body’s energy.

Question 6

Effects of Stimulation of PNS on body -

Answer 6

constriction of pupils, stimulates secretions, decreased HR, vasoconstriction of coronary arteries, constriction of bronchioles, increased peristalsis and secretion of GI fluids.

Question 7

What is stress?

Answer 7

Nonspecific response of body to any kind of demand made to it.

Question 8

What are some illnesses linked to stress?

Answer 8

Skin disorders, metabolic disorders, respiratory/cardiovascular disorders, menstrual disorders, etc.

Question 9

Stress as a stimulus - def

Answer 9

A life event, life change, and or set of circumstances causing a disrupted response that increased the individual’s vulnerability to illness.
Holmes and Rahe’s - life changes/measured on the social readjustment rating scale.

Question 10

Stress as a repsonse - def

Answer 10

Stress is the non-specific response of the body to any kind of demand made upon it.

Question 11

Stress as a transaction - def

Answer 11

Stress is a transaction between the person and an event within a certain environment. - Lazarus (1966.)

Question 12

Transactional View attempts to answer the following:

Answer 12

Which factors lead some persons, and not others, to respond effectively to events within a certain environment, why some persons differ in their sensitivity and vulnerability to certain types of events in a certain environment, why some persons are able to adopt over longer periods than others to events within a certain environment.

Question 13

What is GAS?

Answer 13

General Adaptation Syndrome

Question 14

GAS - Stage 1 - __ Phase (#1)

Answer 14

Shock Phase - stressor perceived, either consciously or subconsciously. CNS reacts. Can last 1min to 24 hours.

Question 15

GAS- Stage 1 _ Phase (#2)

Answer 15

Countershock Phase - body reverses what happened in the shock phase.

Question 16

GAS - Stage 2 - What is it?

Answer 16

Stage of Resistance - SR - body tried to cope and adapt. Body will confine stress to smallest area possible - Inflammation and Local Adaptation Syndrome happens here.

Question 17

GAS - Stage 3 - What is it?

Answer 17

Stage of Exhaustion - Coping and adaptive mechanisms are exhausted. Rest happens here. If not…death will occur! :(