Respiratory Care (Masks, sounds, etc.) Unit 2 Flashcards
Give extra oxygen to someone with COPD. T/F?
False - we don’t want to do this!
What are some indications for oxygen therapy?
Hypoxemia/hypoxia, increased work of breathing, increased work of the heart.
Hypoxemia - def
low oxygen in the blood.
Hypoxia - def
inadequate oxygen getting into the cells.
What are some clinical manifestations of Hypoxemia? (HR, RR, BP, SaO2, PaO2, etc.)
Tachycardia, Hypertension, Tachypnea, SaO2 less than 90%, PaO2 (arterial blood gas), less than 60%, Pulmonary Hypertension, Secondary Polycythemia.
Can also include increased work of breathing, confusion/disorentation, lethargy, development of cyanosis.
Pulmonary Hypertension - def
Increased pressure in the lungs.
Secondary Polycythemia - def
More red blood cells because of the body trying to increase/move around the Hgb.
What is pursed lip breathing and what does it help with?
It’s when you purse your lips - inhaling through the nose and then exhaling (with pursed lips) through your mouth. It helps prolong exhalation!
Oxygen - it’s okay to smoke around it because Oxygen isn’t combustible. T/F?
False - it is combustible! So make sure no one smokes around it and also make sure there aren’t electrical devices nearby.
What are some guidelines for Safe Handling of Oxygen Cylinders?
Check for cylinder color (usually green), check the label, transport in an approved container, do not store near a heat source, etc.
What are the E Cylinders filled to? (PSI)
2000-2200 PSI
A regulator doesn’t affect PSI. T/F?
No, it does! It is reduced by 50 PSI.
Approximately how long will 2-6 liters of oxygen last?
About 4-6 hours.
Low Flow Device - def
the oxygen delivered supply only a portion of the inhaled gas. The remainder is pulled from the environment.
High flow devices - def
All the inhaled gas is delivered from the system regardless of the patient’s ventilatory pattern.
Nasal Cannula - High/Low Flow?, how much does it run at, what percent of oxygen does it give?
Low Flow Device.
Runs at 1-6 Liters of O2.
Delivers approximately 24-44% oxygen. Oxygen concentrations may vary if the patient’s ventilatory pattern is abnormal.
Simple Mask - High/Low Flow? What does it run at? What percentage of oxygen does it deliver?
Runs at a flow of 6-10 Liters
Delivers approximately 35-60% oxygen.
Partial Rebreather Mask - high/low flow? What does it run at ? How much oxygen does it deliver? What is some basic info about it?
It is low flow. It runs at 6-15 liters.
Delivers approximately 70-90% oxygen.
It collects patients air - They PARTIALLY rebreathe their own exhaled air, and are partially getting O2 from a tank or something similar.
Non-rebreather mask - high/low flow? What does it run at ? How much oxygen does it deliver? What is some basic info about it?
Low flow. It runs at 6-15 liters. It delivers approximately 60-100% oxygen. The patient is not rebreathing their own air.
Venturi Mask - high/low flow? What does it run at ? How much oxygen does it deliver? What is some basic info about it?
HIGH flow. Delivers a specific FiO2. It uses adapters to create said specific amount. Provided concentrations of 24,28,31,35,40,50, and 55% oxygen depending upon the adapter used.
Incentive Spirometry - what is it?
It is when a patient will exhale/suck into an piece of equipment and raise a little bubble. It is indicated for patients with atelectasis (possibly those who had abdominal/thoracic surgery, post op patients with documented acute or chronic lung disease, chest trauma, etc.
What are some techniques for Incentive Spirometry?
Draw in a slow, deep breath to maximal inspiration. Hold the breath. Let the breath out slowly. Repeat 15 times every 2 hours.
MDI - what is it?
Multi-Dose Inahler. It requires hand-mouth coordination, etc.
Small Volume nebulizer - what is it?
Used in acute and long-term care settings, it is what I used as a kid!
Don’t worry about vital signs with Small Volume Nebulizer’s - T/F?
False - we should worry about them because the HR can be increased (due to the medication!)
What is an Oropharyngeal Artificial Airway?
It is an airway placed in the mouth. It is used to relieve upper airway constriction, a bite block, or to prevent laceration of tongue for the incoherent/seizing patient. It is hard for the alert patient.
What is the Nasopharyngeal Artificial Airway?
It is placed through the nose. It relieves upper airway obstruction caused by the tongue and/or soft palate. Better for the alert patient! It should be changed every 24 hours!
What are some possible complications of the Nasopharyngeal airway?
Sinusitis (inflammation of the nasal passages), Otitis Media (inner ear inflammation), Nasal Necrosis
