Urinary and reproductive system.

Question 1

where are the kidneys located ?

Answer 1

lateral to the t12-L3 vertebrae

Question 2

what is a hilus?

Answer 2

area where vessels , nerves , etc enter and exit the organ

Question 3

describe the anatomy of the kidney

Answer 3

the kidney consists of the renal cortes (most superficial layer )

renal medula (renal pyramids )

renal pelvis ( calyx (drains into hylus ->ureter

Question 4

how long are the ureters?

Answer 4

10-12 inches long and have the diameter of 1-10 mm

Question 5

describe the anatomy of the ureters .

Answer 5

they extend from renal pelvis to bladder and enter the posterior wall of the bladder

Question 6

where is the urinary bladder located

Answer 6

it is posterior to the pubic symphysis (one that holds pelvic bone together )

in females it is anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus

in males it lies anterior to the rectum

Question 7

what is the trigone ?

Answer 7

area in the bladder that consists of three openings

2 from ureters
1 from urethra

Question 8

describe the urethra in females.

Answer 8

length of 3-4 cms which makes it more susceptible to UTI. it is located along the wall of the vagina and it only carries urine .

Question 9

describe the urethra in males .

Answer 9

20 cm long , runs through the prostate and the penis . it carries urine and sperm cells

Question 10

what is the scrotum ?

Answer 10

pouch containing testis , epididymis and lower part of spermatic cord

Question 11

what is the vas deferens

Answer 11

A thick walled muscular tube , 45cm

is divided into 2 parts 1.) external part: starts at lower pole of testis as continuation of epididymis (within spermatic cord)continues up until before the bladder

2.) internal part :runs lateral the wall of pelvis / base of urinary bladder where it I joined by the seminal vesicle to form ejaculatory duct which empties into prostatic urethra

Question 12

what is the ejaculatory duct formed of ?

Answer 12

seminal vesicle and vas deferens

Question 13

does seminal fluid enter the ejaculatory duct?

Answer 13

no but it aids in maturing the sperm by secreting certain materials

Question 14

what are the seminal vesicles ?

Answer 14

blind ending , coiled , sacculated tube on both sides

Question 15

where are the seminal vesicles ?

Answer 15

behind the base of the urinary bladder , it unites with the vas deferens near the base of the prostate to form the ejaculatory duct

Question 16

what urethra does the prostate surround ?

Answer 16

prosthetic urethra .

Question 17

what structures are present anteriorly , posteriorly , superiorly , and inferiorly to the prostate ?

Answer 17

Anteriorly: symphysis pubis
Posteriorly: rectum (can be palpated from rectum).
Superiorly: the neck of the bladder.
Inferiorly: is rested on deep perineal pouch.