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anatomy > cardiovascular system > Flashcards

cardiovascular system Flashcards

1
Q

where is the heart in the body?

A

middle mediastinum

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2
Q

what is 1.) anterior 2.) posterior 3.)inferior and 4.)lateral to the heart?

A
  1. )sternum
  2. )vertebral column
  3. )diaphram
  4. )lung and pleur
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3
Q

what is the heart enclosed in?

A

pericardium

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4
Q

what does peicardium consist of?

A

fibrous pericardium and serous pericardium

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5
Q

what is the pericardial cavity ?

A

potential space between parietal and viscreal layers of serous pericardium (contains thin film that allows the heart to beat in a frictionless environment.

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6
Q

list all borders of the heart.

A

right border: right atrium

inferior border: right ventricle and left ventricle

left border: left ventricle and left auricle

superior border : left atrium and right atrium

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7
Q

list all surfaces of the heart

A

anterior (sterno-costal): right atrium , right ventricle , and left ventricle

inferior (diaphragmatic):right ventricle and left ventricle

right pulmonary surface: right atrium

left pulmonary surface: left ventricle and left auricle

posterior: base

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8
Q

what kind of valve is present between the right atrium and ventricle?

A

tricuspid valve

atrio-ventricular valve

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9
Q

what valve is present between the left atrium and left ventricle?

A

dicuspid valve or mitral valve (atrio-ventricular valve)

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10
Q

what valve exists between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery?

A

pulmonary valve . which allows blood to pass from heart to lung to get oxygenated (semilunar valve )

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11
Q

what valve exists between the left ventricle and aortic artery ?

A

aortic valve.

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12
Q

blood flow starts with the right atrium . where does the deoxygenated blood that ends up in the right atrium come from?

A

once oxygen is delivered to the rest of the body cells and the blood becomes deoxygenated it enters the right atrium through the superior and inferior vena cova

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13
Q

what artery is responsible with supplying the heart with blood to keep it functioning ?

A

coronary sinus

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14
Q

what vein is responsible for delivering oxygenated blood to the left atrium?

A

pulmonary vein (only vein to carry oxygenated blood)

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15
Q

what artery is responsible for delivering deoxygenated blood to lungs?

A

pulmonary artery (only artery that carries deoxygenated blood)

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16
Q

what does the left ventricle do?

A

pump oxygenated blood to the rest to the body through aorta.

17
Q

briefly describe blood flow through heart.

A

blood enters the right atrium which then passes it to the right ventricle

the right ventricle then pumps the blood to the lungs to get oxygenated.

oxygenated blood comes back to the left atrium and then flows into left ventricle

left ventricle then pumps blood to the entire body through the aorta

18
Q

what is pulmonary circulation

A

is the part of circulation that includes deoxygenated blood leaving the heart through the right ventricle and arriving at the lungs to be oxygenated. once that happens the blood is returned to the left atrium

19
Q

what is systemic circulation

A

systemic circulation carries blood to all body tissues . it delivers oxygen and nutrients while picking up co2 and waste products

20
Q

what is the pulmonary trunk ?

A

vessel that splits into left and right pulmonary arteries

21
Q

what are some characteristics of arteries?

A

thick

muscular

carry oxygenated
blood(except for pulmonary arteries)

22
Q

what are capillaries

A

one cell thick vessels that deliver oxygen and nutrients while absorbing waste products to and from cells

23
Q

what are some characteristics of veins

A

thin walled vessels

carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart (except for pulmonary veins)

contain connective tissue and smooth muscle

found near skeletal muscles

24
Q

What is atherosclerosis

A

disease affecting arterial blood vessels .

caused by build up of cholesterol

leads to clogs and hypertension (highblood pressure) which causes heart attacks.

anatomy (21 decks)

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