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-Anatomy > Upper limb - Forearm > Flashcards

Upper limb - Forearm Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the cephalic vein arise?

A

Lateral end of dorsal venous arch

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2
Q

Where does the basilic vein arise?

A

Medial end of dorsal venous arch

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3
Q

Where does the median cubital vein shunt blood from adn to?

A

Shunts from the cephalic to the basilic

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4
Q

What type of joints are the radio-ulnar joints?

A

Synovial pivot joints

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5
Q

What muscles cause supination of the radio-ulnar joints?

A

Supinator

Biceps brachii

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6
Q

What muscles cause pronation of the radio-ulnar joints?

A

Pronator teres

Pronator quadratus

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7
Q

What is the most powerful supinator of the forearm?

A

Biceps brachii

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8
Q

What is the most powerful pronator of the forearm?

A

Pronator teres

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9
Q

What are the accessory muscles to supination of the forearm?

A

Extensor pollicus longuis

Extensor carpi radialis longus

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10
Q

What are the accessory muscles to pronation of the forearm?

A

Flexor carpi radialis

Palmaris longus

Brachioradialis

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11
Q

What are articulating surfaces of the proximal radio-ulnar joint?

A

Radial head

Radial notch of the ulna

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12
Q

What are the Articulating Surfaces in the Distal Radio-Ulnar Joint?

A

Ulnar notch of radius Ulnar head

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13
Q

What are the actions of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Wrist flexion Finger flexion Forearm Pronation

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14
Q

What muscles form the superficial group of the anterior forearm?

A

Pronator teres Flexor carpi radialis Flexor carpi ulnaris Palamris longus

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15
Q

Where do the superficial anterior muscle group all originate from?

A

By the common flexor tendon to the medial epicondyle

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16
Q

What is the innervation of pronator teres?

A

Median nerve

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17
Q

What is the action of flexor carpi radialis on the wrist joint?

A

Flexion Abduction

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18
Q

What is the action of flexor carpi ulnaris on the wrist joint?

A

Flexion Adduction

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19
Q

What is the action of palmaris longus on the wrist joint?

A

Flexion

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20
Q

What is the innervation of flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

Ulnar nerve

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21
Q

What is the innervation of flexor carpi radialis?

A

Median nerve

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22
Q

What is the innervation of palmaris longus?

A

Median nerve

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23
Q

What is the action of the brachioradialis on the elbow?

A

Flexion

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24
Q

What nerve innervated the brachioradialis?

A

Radial nerve Note - exception, normally only extensor compartment

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25
Q

What are the attachments of flexor carpi radialis?

A

Medial condyle Base of metacarpal 2 + 3

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26
Q

What are the attachments of flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

Medial condyle + ulna Pisiform carpal bone

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27
Q

What are the attachments of palmaris longus?

A

Medial condyle Flexor Retinaculum of the Wrist

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28
Q

What are the attachments of pronator teres?

A

Medial condyle Coronoid process of ulna Lateral mid-shaft of radius

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29
Q

What muscle makes up the intermediate anterior forearm group?

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis

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30
Q

Where do the tendons of the flexor digitorum superficialis attach?

A

Middle phalanges 2-5

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31
Q

What are the actions of flexor digitorum superficialis?

A

Wrist flexion Metacarpophalangeal flexion Proximal Interphalangeal flexion

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32
Q

Which nerve innervated flexor digitorum superficialis?

A

Median nerve C5-T1

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33
Q

What muscles make up the deep group of the anterior forearm?

A

Flexor digitorum profundus Flexor pollicis longus Pronator quadratus

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34
Q

What bone is the flexor digitorum profundus in close proximity to?

A

Ulna

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35
Q

What bone is the palmaris longus in close proximity to?

A

Radius

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36
Q

What bones is the pronator quadratus in close proximity to?

A

Ulna Radius

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37
Q

Where does the flexor digitorum profundus originate?

A

Ulna Associated with interosseous membrane

38
Q

Where does the flexor digitorum profundus insert?

A

Distal phalanges 2-5

39
Q

What is the action of flexor digitrum profundus on the wrist joint?

A

Flexion

40
Q

What is the action of flexor digitrum profundus on the metacarpophalangeal joint?

A

Flexion

41
Q

What is the action of flexor digitrum profundus on the interphalangeal joints?

A

Flexion

42
Q

What is the innervation of the flexor digitorum profundus?

A

Ulnar nerve (medial portions digits 4-5) Median nerve (lateral portion 2-3)

43
Q

What is the innervation of flexor pollicus longus?

A

Median nerve C8-T1 Anterior interosseous branch

44
Q

Whre does flexor pollicis longus attach?

A

Anterior surface of radius/interosseous membrane Base of distal phalanx of thumb

45
Q

What are teh actions of flexor pollicus longus?

A

Flexion of the thumb Both interphalangeal joint and metocarpophlangeal joints

46
Q

What is the innervation of pronator quadratus?

A

Median nerve C8-T1 Anterior interoseous branch

47
Q

What are the attachemnts for the pronator quadratus?

A

Anterior surfaces of ulna and radius

48
Q

What is the relationship between the median nerve and brachial artery?

A

The median nerve is medial to the brachial artery

49
Q

What compartment does the median nerve supply?

A

Anterior compartment of the forearm

50
Q

What muscles in the forearm are not supplied by the median nerve?

A

Flexor carpi radialis Medial half of the flexor digitorum profundus

51
Q

What are the segmental root values of the median nerve?

A

C5-T1

52
Q

What two muscles in the forearm does the median nerve travel between?

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis + profundus

53
Q

How does the median nerve enter the hand?

A

Through the carpal tunnel under the flexor retinaculum

54
Q

What is the relationship between the ulnar nerve and artery?

A

The ulnar nerve is medial to the ulnar artery

55
Q

What are the two terminal branches of the brachial artery?

A

Ulnar Radial arteries

56
Q

Where does the brachial artery divide?

A

Close to the head of the radius near the cubital fossa

57
Q

How does the ulnar nerve enter the forearm?

A

Passes between the heads of flexor carpi radialis

58
Q

Which muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm are innervated by the ulnar nerve?

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris Medial half of the flexor digitorum profundus

59
Q

What is the segmental root value of the ulnar nerve?

A

C8 + T1

60
Q

What is teh action of extensor pollicus longus?

A

Extension of thumb ( all joints) Metacarpophalangeal joint of thumb extension Carpometacarpal of thumb extension Interphalangeal joint extension

61
Q

What is the action of abductor pollicus longus?

A

Abduction of thumb

62
Q

What is the action of extensor pollicus brevis?

A

Extension of thumb through: Metacarpophalangeal joint of thumb extension Carpometacarpal of thumb extension

63
Q

What is the origin of abductor pollicus longus?

A

Interosseous membrane Posterior surface of radius + ulna

64
Q

What is the attachment of abductor pollicus longus?

A

Lateral part of metacarpal 1 base

65
Q

What is the origin of extensor pollicus longus?

A

Posterior surface of ulna Interosseous membrane

66
Q

What is the origin of extensor pollicus brevis?

A

Posterior surface of radius Interosseous membrane

67
Q

What is the atachment of extensor pollicus longus?

A

Distal phalanx of the thumb

68
Q

What is the attachment of extensor pollicus brevis?

A

Base of proximal phalanx of thumb

69
Q

What is the action of the supinator?

A

Supination of forearm

70
Q

What is the innervation os the supinator?

A

Radial nerve

71
Q

What is the origin of the supinator muscle?

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus (lateral head) Posterior surface of ulna (medial head)

72
Q

What is the attachment of the supinator muscle?

A

Posterior surface of radius

73
Q

What are the two branches of the radial nerve?

A

Deep (posterior interosseous) Superficial

74
Q

What nerve innervates the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A

The radial nerve

75
Q

What are the three functional groups in the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Extension of the medial 4 digits Extension/abduction of thumb Extension of wrist (along with abduction/adduction)

76
Q

What three muscles in the posterior compartment of the forearm extend the wrist?

A

Exstensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor carpi ulnaris

77
Q

Which three muscles extend the medial 4 digits?

A

Extensor digitorum Extensor indicis Extensor digiti minimi

78
Q

What is the action of extensor carpi radialis (longus+ brevis) on the wrist joint?

A

Extend Abduct

79
Q

Where does the enxtensor carpi radialis longus originate from?

A

Supracondylar Ridge of the Humerus

80
Q

Where does extensor carpi radialis longus attach to?

A

Metacarpal 2/3

81
Q

Where does extensor carpi radialis brevis attach to?

A

Metacarpal 2/3

82
Q

Where does extensor carpi radlias brevis originate from?

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

83
Q

Where does extensor carpi ulnaris originate from?

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

84
Q

Where does extensor carpi ulnaris attach to?

A

Metacarpal 5

85
Q

Where does extensor digitorum originate from?

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

86
Q

Where does extensor digitorum attach?

A

Extensor hood of medial 4 digits

87
Q

What is the action of extensor digitorum?

A

Extension of 4 digits at metacarpophalangeal joint + interphalangeal joint

88
Q

What is the innervation of extensor digitorum?

A

Radial nerve

89
Q

What is the innervation of extensor carpi radlias brevis?

A

Radial nerve

90
Q

What is the innervation of extensor carpi radlias longus?

A

Radial nerve

91
Q

What is the innervation of extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

Radial nerve

-Anatomy (34 decks)

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