Repro - female

Question 1

What three structures constitute the birth canal?

Answer 1

Vagina
Cervix
Vulva

Question 2

What are the three layers of the uterus?

Answer 2

Endometrium
Myometrium
Perimetrium

Question 3

What is the position of the uterus?

Answer 3

Anteflexed + anteverted

Question 4

What can happen in early pregnancy if the uterus is retroverted and retroflexed?

Answer 4

Prolapse

Question 5

Why is it important in the surgical management of miscarriage to know if the uterus is anteverted or not?

Answer 5

To minimise the risk of perforation of the uterus with instrumentation

Question 6

What are the fornixes of the vagina?

Answer 6

The upper corners of the vagina that extend into the recesses made by the cervix

Question 7

Through which vaginal fornix can you access the rectouterine pouch?

Answer 7

Posterior fornix

Question 8

What are teh main ligaments of the uterus?

Answer 8

Ovarian ligament
Suspensory ligament
Round ligament of uterus
Broad ligament

Question 9

What ligament is called the cardinal liagment of the uterus?

Answer 9

Lateral cervical ligament

Question 10

What other structure, other than ligaments supports the uterus?

Answer 10

Pelvic diaphragm

Question 11

What are the four parts of the uterine tube?

Answer 11

Infundibulum
Ampullary
Isthmus
Intramural or uterine part

Question 12

What is the longest/widest part of the uterine tube?

Answer 12

Ampulla

Question 13

At what point of the uterine tube does fertilisation normally occur?

Answer 13

Ampulla

Question 14

What is an ectopic pregnancy?

Answer 14

Where egg is fertilised in the fallopia tube, not uterus

Question 15

What is a corneal ectopic pregnancy?

Answer 15

Fertilisation in the interstitial section of fallopian tube

Question 16

What ligament moves from uterus to ovary?

Answer 16

Ovarian ligament

Question 17

What ligament transverses from the ovary to the lateral pelvic wall?

Answer 17

Suspensory ligament

Question 18

At what level do the gonadal arteries orginiate?

Answer 18

L2

Question 19

How does the ovarian artery reach the ovary?

Answer 19

Through suspensory ligament

Question 20

With which artery does the ovarian artery anastomose?

Answer 20

Uterine artery

Question 21

Where does the uterine artery cross the uterus?

Answer 21

Ischial spine

Question 22

Why is the association between teh ureter and uterine important?

Answer 22

In case of ligation of uterine artery, don’t want to accidentially clamp ureter as well

Question 23

What is the lymphatic drainage of tje labia and distal part of the vagina?

Answer 23

Superficial inguinal nodes

Question 24

What is the lymphatic drainage of the ovaries?

Answer 24

Para-aortic nodes

Question 25

What is the lymphatic drainage of the fundus + upper uterine body?

Answer 25

Pre-aortic nodes

Question 26

What is the lymphatic drainage of the uterine body (other than upper)?

Answer 26

Internal iliac

Question 27

What is the lymphatic drainage of uterine cervice and upper vagina?

Answer 27

Internal iliac + sacral lymph nodes

Question 28

What is the lymphatic drainage of the lower vagina?

Answer 28

deep Inguinal nodes

Question 29

What fascia do the breasts lie in?

Answer 29

Superficial pectoral fascia

Question 30

What is the structure of the breast?

Answer 30

15-25 lobes with tubulo-acinar glands + stroma (connective tissue)

Question 31

Where is the breast located?

Answer 31

extends from 2nd-6th rib | Lateral border of sternum to anterior axillary line

Question 32

What muscles is the deep tissue of the breast related to?

Answer 32

Pectoralis major Serratus anterior External oblique muscle

Question 33

What is the blood supply of the breast?

Answer 33

Branches of Subclavian artery Axillary artery

Question 34

What lymph nodes drain the breast?

Answer 34

Axillary nodes Parasternal Supraclavicular lymph nodes

Question 35

Which nodes recieve the lymph fromt eh lateral part of the breast tissue?

Answer 35

Anterior (pectoral) group

Question 36

What is possible with the lymph of the breast that one should be wary about in breast cancer?

Answer 36

Medial side can drain to the opposite side | Allows cancer to spread from one side to the other