Upper Limb Arthrology, Joints, Ligs & Burs

Question 1

The scapulothoracic movement in which there is a gliding motion with the scapula moving superiorly (like when shrugging shoulders)

Answer 1

elevation

Question 2

The scapulothoracic movement in which there is a gliding motion with the scapula moving inferiorly (like opposite of shrugging shoulders)

Answer 2

depression

Question 3

The scapulothoracic movement in which there is a gliding motion with the scapula moving towards the spine

Answer 3

retraction/adduction

Question 4

The scapulothoracic movement in which there is a gliding motion with the scapula moving away from the spine

Answer 4

protraction/abduction

Question 5

The scapulothoracic movement in which the glenoid fossa is the point of reference

Answer 5

rotation

Question 6

The scapulothoracic movement in which the glenoid fossa moves superiorly (the inferior angle moves laterally)

Answer 6

upward/lateral rotation

Question 7

The scapulothoracic movement in which the glenoid fossa moves inferiorly (the inferior angle moves medially)

Answer 7

downward/medial rotation

Question 8

What’s a general description of the sternoclavicular (S-C) joint? (i.e. what articulates and what kind of joint is it?)

Answer 8

• the sternal end of the clavicle articulates with the manubrium
• synovial saddle

Question 9

What are the available movements of the sternoclavicular joint?

Answer 9

• superior/inferior glide
• anterior/posterior glide
• rotation around medial-lateral axis

Question 10

If you were to tell someone to go FOOSH, what would you be telling them to do?

Answer 10

fall on an outstretched hand

Question 11

Between the cavities of the sternoclavicular joint, there is a(n):

Answer 11

articular disc

Question 12

What are the four ligaments of the sternoclavicular joint?

Answer 12

• anterior sternoclavicular ligament
• posterior sternoclavicular ligament
• interclavicular ligament
• costoclavicular ligament

Question 13

What does the costoclavicular ligament connect and what excessive movements does it prevent?

Answer 13

• connects the inferior clavicle to the 1st rib

- prevents all excessive movements except inferior glide

Question 14

What’s a general description of the acromioclavicular (A-C) joint? (i.e. what articulates and what kind of joint is it?)

Answer 14

• the acromial end of the clavicle articulates with the acromion of the scapula
• synovial plane joint

Question 15

What are the available movements of the acromioclavicular joint?

Answer 15

• anterior/posterior glide

- rotation (small movement)

Question 16

What are the ligaments of the acromioclavicular joint and what, specifically, do they attach?

Answer 16

• acromioclavicular ligament attaches the clavicle to the acromion
• coracoacriomial ligament attaches the coracoid process to the acromion
• coracoclavicular ligament attaches the coracoid process to the clavicle

Question 17

Describe the coracoacromial arch

Answer 17

it’s an arch formed by the coracoid process, the coracoacromial ligament and the acromion

Question 18

What’s the largest bone in the upper limb?

Answer 18

the humerus

Question 19

What’s a general description of the glenohumeral (G-H) joint? (i.e. what articulates and what kind of joint is it?)

Answer 19

• the glenoid fossa of the scapula articulates with the head of the humerus
• synovial ball and socket joint

Question 20

What are the available movements of the the glenohumeral (G-H) joint?

Answer 20

• abduction/adduction
• flexion-extension
• internal/external rotation
• circumduction
• scaption

Question 21

What’s the glenoid labrum and what does it do?

Answer 21

fibrocartilagenous ring that attaches to the glenoid fossa and deepens the joint

Question 22

What are the points in our notes we need to know about the glenohumeral joint capsule?

Answer 22

• thin and loose
• weakest inferiorly (the axillary recess) – which promotes more inferior dislocations of the head of the humerus
• there is a weak spot in the capsule anteriorly called the foramen of Weitbrecht (which promotes more anterior dislocations of head of humerus)

Question 23

What are the ligaments of the the glenohumeral joint and what, specifically, do they attach?

Answer 23

• coracohumeral ligament attaches the coracoid process to the greater tubercle
• glenohumeral (capsular) ligaments

Question 24

What are the bursae of the glenohumeral joint and where, specifically, are they located?

Answer 24

-subacromial bursa (between the acromion and the joint capsule)
-subdeltiod bursa (between the deltoid muscle and the joint capsule – often connected with the subacromial bursa)
NOTE: subdeltiod and subacromial bursa are often used interchangeably