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Anatomy Lab 1-20 > Upper Limb 1 > Flashcards

Upper Limb 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Purpose of upper limbs:

A 
Interact with environment (touch, reach, feel, hold, grasp, throw)
Balance
Communication
Momentum
Survival (eat, drink)
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2
Q

Regions of the Upper Limb:

A

Pectoral Girdle (shoulder)
Arm
Forearm
Hands

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3
Q

Bones of the Pectoral Girdle

A

Scapula

Clavicle

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4
Q

Scapula: bone type

A

Flat, triangular

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5
Q

Scapula: anatomical location

A

Posterior to spine

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6
Q

Scapula: articulates with?

A

Acromion (of scapula) - clavicle

Glenoid cavity/fossa (of scapula) - humerus (lat.)

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7
Q

Scapula: attachment site for?

A

Many muscles (e.g. pectoralis minor, triceps brachii, biceps brachii)

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8
Q

Clavicle: bone type

A

Long, s-shaped

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9
Q

Clavicle: anatomical location

A

Medial to sternum

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10
Q

Clavicle: articulates with?

A

Lat. end - scapula & acromion

Med. end - sternum

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11
Q

Bones of the arm & forearm

A

Humerus
Radius
Ulna

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12
Q

Humerus: bone type

A

Long bone

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13
Q

Humerus: anatomical location

A

Proximal to the scapula

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14
Q

Humerus: articulates with?

A

Proximal - Glenoid cavity/fossa of scapula

Distal - head of the radius & notch of ulna

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15
Q

Humerus: attachment site for?

A

Deltoid muscle connects to the deltoid tuberosity (lat. side of the humerus)

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16
Q

Radius: bone type

A

Long bone

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17
Q

Radius: anatomical location

A

Lateral of the arm

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18
Q

Radius: articulates with?

A

Proximal - Humerus & ulna connects to the proximal head of the radius
Distal - carpal bones

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19
Q

Ulna: bone type

A

Long bone

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20
Q

Radius: attachment site for?

A 
Biceps brachii (radial tuberosity)
Supinator, flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum superficialis (upper shaft of radius)
Extensor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis longus, pronator teres (mid shaft of radius)
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21
Q

Ulna: anatomical location

A

Medial of the arm

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22
Q

Ulna: articulates with?

A

Proximal - humerus (trochlear notch of ulna)

Distal - radius (head of ulna)

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23
Q

Ulna: attachment site for?

A

Triceps brachii (proximal end at the olecranon process of the ulna)

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24
Q

Bones of the hand

A

Carpals
Metacarpals
Phalanges

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25
Q

Carpals: location

A

Wrist

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26
Q

Carpals: how many bones?

A

8 short bones

2 rows

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27
Q

Carpals: name of joints?

A

Carpometacarpal joints

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28
Q

Metacarpals: location

A

Palm of hand

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29
Q

Metacarpals: how many bones?

A

5 long bones

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30
Q

Metacarpals: name of joints?

A

Metacarpal-phalangeal joints

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31
Q

Phalanges: how many bones?

A

Thumb - 2 phalanges
Fingers - 3 phalanges
Overall - 14 per hand

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32
Q

Phalanges: name of joints?

A

Interphalangeal joints

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33
Q

Pectoral Girdle Joint(s)

A

Sternoclavicular (SC)

Acromioclavicular (AC)

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34
Q

Shoulder Joint

A

Glenohumeral

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35
Q

Elbow Joint(s)

A

Humeroradial

Humeroulnar

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36
Q

Forearm Joint(s)

A

Proximal & distal radio-ulnar

37
Q

Hand Joint(s)

A

Intercarpal
Carpometacarpal
Metacarpophalangeal (aka knuckles)
Interphalangeal

38
Q

Sternoclavicular Joint: anatomical location

A

Medial

39
Q

Sternoclavicular Joint: what bones does it connect?

A

Clavicle -> sternum

40
Q

Sternoclavicular Joint: structural?

A

Synovial

41
Q

Sternoclavicular Joint: functional/movement?

A

Plane joint - sliding/gliding

42
Q

Sternoclavicular Joint: purpose?

A

Brace/supports upper limb movement

43
Q

Acromioclavicular Joint: anatomical location

A

Lateral

44
Q

Acromioclavicular Joint: what bones does it connect?

A

Acromion (scapula) -> clavicle

45
Q

Acromioclavicular Joint: structural?

A

Synovial

46
Q

Acromioclavicular Joint: functional/movement?

A

Plane joint - sliding/gliding

47
Q

Acromioclavicular Joint: purpose?

A

Stabilizes scapula to allow movement of the upper limb

48
Q

Glenohumeral Joint: what bones does it connect?

A

Humerus (head) -> scapula (glenoid fossa)

49
Q

Glenohumeral Joint: structural?

A

Synovial

50
Q

Glenohumeral Joint: functional/movement?

A

Ball & socket - multiaxial, all movements (F, E, Ab, Ad, Rot)

51
Q

Glenohumeral Joint: stabilised by?

A

Joint capsule, ligaments, muscles

52
Q

Elbow Joint Complex

A

Humeroradial

Humeroulnar

53
Q

Humeroradial Joint: what bones does it connect?

A

Humerus (capitulum) -> radius (head)

54
Q

Humeroulnar Joint: what bones does it connect?

A

Humerus (trochlear) -> ulna (trochlear notch)

55
Q

Elbow Joint Complex: structural?

A

Synovial

56
Q

Elbow Joint Complex: functional/movements?

A

Hinge - biaxial, F/E

*med. & lat. ligaments prevent Ab/Ad

57
Q

Proximal Radioulnar Joint: what bones does it connect

A

Radius (head) -> ulna (radial notch)

58
Q

Distal Radioulnar Joint: what bones does it connect?

A

Radius (ulnar notch) -> ulna (head)

59
Q

Forearm Joints: structural?

A

Synovial

60
Q

Forearm Joints: functional/movements?

A

Pivot - pronation/supination

61
Q

Forearm Joints: what holds them together?

A

Interosseous membrane

62
Q

Radiocarpal (wrist) Joint: what bones does it connect?

A

Radius (distal end) -> carpals (proximal row)

63
Q

Radiocarpal (wrist) Joint: structural?

A

Synovial

64
Q

Radiocarpal (wrist) Joint: functional/movements?

A

Ellipsoid - F/E, Ab/Ad, NO rotation

65
Q

Radiocarpal (wrist) Joint: purpose?

A

Movement of the hand in free space

66
Q

Intercarpal Joint: anatomical location?

A

Proximal of the palm

67
Q

Intercarpal Joint: structural?

A

Synovial

68
Q

Intercarpal Joint: functional/movements?

A

Plane joint - sliding/gliding

69
Q

Intercarpal Joint: purpose?

A

Allows shape of palm to adjust to finger movement

*limited by inter carpal ligaments

70
Q

Carpometacarpal Joint: anatomical location?

A

Distal of the palm

71
Q

Carpometacarpal Joint: what bones does it connect?

A

Carpals (distal row) -> metacarpals (bases)

72
Q

Intercarpal Joint: what bones does it connect?

A

In between carpals

73
Q

Carpometacarpal Joint: structural?

A

Synovial

74
Q

Carpometacarpal Joint: functional/movements?

A

Plane joint - sliding/gliding

75
Q

Metacarpophalangeal Joint: location?

A

From top of palm to fingers

76
Q

Metacarpophalangeal Joint: what bones does it connect?

A

Metacarpal (head) -> proximal phalanx (base)

77
Q

Metacarpophalangeal Joint: structural?

A

Synovial

78
Q

Metacarpophalangeal Joint: functional/movements?

A

Ellipsoid - F/E, Ab/Ad

79
Q

Metacarpophalangeal Joint: purpose?

A

Movement of fingers in space, gripping

80
Q

Interphalangeal Joints

A

Proximal interphalangeal joint

Distal interphalangeal joint

81
Q

Interphalangeal Joints: structural?

A

Synovial

82
Q

Interphalangeal Joints: functional/movements?

A

Hinge - F/E

83
Q

Proximal interphalangeal joint: what bones does it connect?

A

Proximal phalanx (head) -> middle phalanx (base)

84
Q

Distal interphalangeal joint: what bones does it connect?

A

Middle phalanx (head) -> distal phalanx (base)

85
Q

Thumb Interphalangeal Joint: what bones does it connect?

A

Proximal phalanx -> distal phalanx

*only one interphalangela joint in the thumb because there are only 2 phalanges

86
Q

1st Carpometacarpal (Joint): location?

A

Palm to thumb

87
Q

1st Carpometacarpal (Joint): what bones does it connect?

A

Carpal (trapezium) -> 1st metacarpal (base)

88
Q

1st Carpometacarpal (Joint): structural?

A

Synovial

89
Q

1st Carpometacarpal (Joint): functional/movements?

A

Saddle* - F/E, Ab/Ad, Opposition

*concave in one direction, convex in the other

Anatomy Lab 1-20 (22 decks)

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