Pelvis (Reproductive Systems)

Question 1

Pelvis Structures

Answer 1

2 hip bones
Sacrum
Coccyx
Attaches limbs to trunk

Question 2

Pelvis Features

Answer 2

Pelvis inlet
Pelvis outlet
True pelvis - encloses the pelvic cavity and contains reproductive structures, bladder & rectum
False pelvis - superior to pelvis cavity and contains abdominal/peritoneal structures (intestines, blood vessels, ureters)

Question 3

Differences between Female and Male Pelvis

Answer 3

Sexual dimorphism
Females have a larger pelvic inlet, pubic outlet, pubic angle, and have an inferior pointing (rather than anterior) coccyx - allows for childbirth and ability to carry a fetus

Question 4

Male Reproduction System

Answer 4

Produce sperm
Produce seminal fluid (protects sperm)
Deposits seminal fluid in female reproductive tract

Question 5

Female Reproductive System

Answer 5

Produce oocytes
Receives sperm, facilitates fertilisation
Houses and sustains a fetus (gestation) and gives birth

Question 6

Oocytes (ova/ovum) are produced by:

Answer 6

Ovaries - oogenesis

Question 7

Sperm (spermatozoa) are produced by:

Answer 7

Testes - spermatogenesis

Question 8

Sperm features

Answer 8

Haploid = 23 chromosomes
Tail for motility
Millions released during ejaculation

Question 9

Oocytes Features

Answer 9

Haploid = 23 chromosomes

1 released per month during ovulation

Question 10

Male Reproductive System (external)

Answer 10

Testes
Epididymis
Spermatic cord
Penis

Question 11

What covers the testes?

Answer 11

In scrotum (skin and dartos muscle)

Question 12

Epididymis (structure)

Answer 12

Long coiled tube that stores sperm and transports it from the testes
Curved structure on the back of each testis

Question 13

Spermatic Cord (structure)

Answer 13

Dustus deferens (ducts that transport sperm from epididymis to ejaculatory ducts)
BVNs (venous plexus)
Cremastor muscle (covers testes, moves them to make healthy & mobile sperm, and regulate temperature)

Question 14

Penis (structure)

Answer 14

Contains erectile tissue and urethra

• Corpora cavernosa (main tissue)
• Corpus spongiosum (contains urethra)

Question 15

Male Reproductive System (Internal)

Answer 15

Ductus deferens - ducts that transport sperm from epididymis to ejaculatory ducts
Accessory glands - produce seminal fluid
Ejaculatory duct - pass through the prostate and open into urethra (point where ejaculatory duct enters urethra)

Question 16

Accessory Glands of Male Reproductive System

Answer 16

Seminal Vesicles (main accessory gland)
Prostate
Bulbourethral gland

Question 17

‘The Path of Sperm’

Answer 17

Testes -> epididymis -> ductus deferens -> ejaculatory duct -> urethra (prostatic, membranous, spongy/penile)

Question 18

Female Reproductive System Structures

Answer 18

External genitalia (clitoris, labia)
Vagina (copulation & birth canal)
Uterus
- Cervix (donut-shaped tissue, connects to vagina, sperm enters)

Question 19

Cervix Structure

Answer 19

Body
- Peritoneum: serosa
- Myometrium: smooth muscle, expands and contracts
- Endometrium: inner lining, shed monthly, implantation of embryo
Fundus
- host the embryo until it turns into a baby
- joins uterine tubes to uterus

Question 20

Uterine Tubes (Fallopian tubes)

Answer 20

Transport egg from ovary to uterus each month
Connected to uterus
Regions:
- Isthmus
- Ampulla
- Infundibulum

Question 21

Ovaries

Answer 21

Produce oocytes

Produce estrogen & progesterone

Question 22

Spermatogenesis

Answer 22

Produced in semiferous tubes in testes (spermatogenic cells, nurse cells, interstitial cells)
Sperm mature in epididymis
Sperm carried out through ductus deferens into pelvis cavity before ejaculation

Question 23

Spermatogenic Cells Produce…

Answer 23

Sperm

Question 24

Nurse Cells Produce…

Answer 24

Inhibin

Question 25

Interstitial Cells Produce…

Answer 25

Testosterone