upper extremities Flashcards
ap elbow epicondyles are
parallel
external oblique
-shows radial head free of superimposition
medial oblique elbow
coronoid process in profile
lateral elbow
-90 degree bend
- epicondyles perpendicular (superimposed)
-Olecranon process demonstrated
-90 degree angle from AP
lateral elbow is the best demonstration of the
olecranon process
capitellum sits on the
radial head
“the cap sits on the RAD”
trochlea sits on the
ulna
AP elbow
radial head and neck are superimposed
elbow partial flexion
used for dislocation to reduce range of motion
-humerus parallel: demonstrate distal humerus
-forearm is parallel: demonstrate proximal radius
trauma axiolateral elbow- coyle method
radial head **
-90 degrees elbow flex
-45 degrees CR towards shoulder
-“angle toward the head “
Coronoid
-80 elbow flex
-45 degrees away from shoulder
Fat pad signs
-only see the posterior fat pad when there’s a fracture
AP humerus
-epicondyles parallel
-shows greater tubercle
-supinate hand
lateral humerus
-internal rotation of arm
-shows lesser tubercle
-epicondyles perpendicular ( superimposed)
transthoraic
fracture for upper 1/3
shoulder Non trauma
AP internal = lesser tubercle is shown
AP external = greater tubercle is shown
CR= 1inch below coracoid process