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arrt prep > Infection Control & handling toxic materials; Patient care > Flashcards

Infection Control & handling toxic materials; Patient care Flashcards

1
Q

Medical asepsis

A

Micro organisms have been eliminated as much as possible 

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2
Q

Surgical asepsis

A

Complete removal of organisms and spores from equipment and environment 

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3
Q

Stérile technique

A

gloving, masking, assisting with sterile trays, preparing syringes etc.)

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4
Q

Equipment disinfect

A

Chemical asepsis
bleach= 1:10 ratio with water
-Alcohol is NOT a disinfectant!

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5
Q

Equipment sterilization

A

heat, gas or chemical asepsis

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6
Q

what is pathogen

A

microorganisms capable of producing disease

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7
Q

Vector

A

Insect
-mosquito
-tick

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8
Q

Fomite

A

Object or material
-IR
-hands
-sponge

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9
Q

HAI means what?

A

Hospital acquired infection

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10
Q

Nosocomial infection

A

Hospital acquired infection
-UTI is the most common

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11
Q

Iatrogenic infection

A

result of a physician

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12
Q

Modes of transmission can be either ______ or _____

A

direct
indirect

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13
Q

Direct contact

A

Touching

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14
Q

Indirect contact

A

-fomite
-vector
-airborne= droplet= eye protection

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15
Q

What does neutropenic mean

A

Reverse or protective isolation
-protecting the patient from you
-oncology patients (cancer pts)

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16
Q

If someone has TB wear a

A

N 95 mask

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17
Q

Chain of infection/ cycle of infection

A
  1. Infectious agent: or the microorganism which has the ability to cause disease.
    2.The Reservoir: or source of infection where the microorganism can live and thrive. ex.) can be on a person, or on equipment, environment of food and water.
    3.Portal of exit: the germ needs to find a way out of the infected person so it can spread. ways out could be sneezing, diarrhea, or coughing
    4.Mode of transmission: One the germ is out it can spread from one person to another by hands or equipment. Also, in the air by coughing or having contact with the fluids.
    5.Portal of entry way in: The germ needs to then find a way into another person. This can be from eyes mouth, hands open wounds, catheter’s or tubes
  2. Susceptible host: person at risk for the infection
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18
Q

Negative pressure rooms (airborne infection isolation and infectious isolation units)

A

It’s an isolation technique used in hospitals and medical centers to prevent cross-contaminations from room to room and to reduce transmission of disease
-Need N-95
-Happens with patients who have TB

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19
Q

Airborne diseases

A

-caused by pathogenic microbes small enough to be discharged from and infected person via coughing, sneezing, laughing and close and personal contact or even aeroslization of the microbe
ex.) COVID, TB, measles

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20
Q

Hand washing: CDC standard precautions

A

most effective method of preventing the spread of infection
-20 seconds
-sterlie procedure-1 minutes

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21
Q

Gowning: CDC standard precautions

A

pass people in the OR pass them either back to back or front to front

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22
Q

Gloving: cdc precautions

A

Sterile gloved hands held above waist

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23
Q

Masks: cdc precautions

A

should cover mouth and nose snugly

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24
Q

disposal of contaminated materials

A

place properly labeled containers or bags

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25
Q

Sharps go wear?

A

in the sharps container
-never recap needle after using it
-needle end first
-puncture proof container

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26
Q

Never mix _______

A

Chemicals!

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27
Q

Linens

A

Soiled and contaminated

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28
Q

Material safety data sheet(MSDS)

A

A document that provides workers with procedures for safety handling or working with a particular substance

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29
Q

what does asepsis mean

A

technique used to prevent the spread of pathogens and protect the patient from infection

30
Q

The destruction of pathogens through the use of chemical materials is termed

A

disinfection

31
Q

Another name for surgical asepsis is

A

sterilization

32
Q

To reduce the probability of infectious organism’s transmission to a susceptible individual is the function of____

A

medical aspesis
key word*reduce

33
Q

Probably the easiest and most effective method of controlling the transmission of infections is

A

hand washing

34
Q

Microorganisms capable of causing diseases are called

A

pathogens/ pathogenic organisms

35
Q

An area that is free of viable microorganisms is considered to be

A

sterile/ a sterile field

36
Q

Arrange the following steps for opening a sterile package in the correct order
1.opening the side flips
2.opening the flaps furtherst from you
3.opening the flaps closest from you

A

correct order
2,1,3

37
Q

if in doubt about the sterility of an object, it should be considered

A

Unsterile

38
Q

How must OR persons in sterile gown and gloves pass each other?

A

back to back

39
Q

what is the term used to describe the principal habitat where a [articular infectious agent lives and multiplies, and from which it can spread to cause disease?

A

reservoir of infection

40
Q

Arrange the cycle of infection components in their correct order following the recognized reservoir of infection:
1.transmission of disease
2.susceptible host
3.portal of exit
4. portal of entry

A

3,2,4,1

41
Q

Animals, food water and the soil are all examples of what part of the cycle of infection

A

reservoir of infection

42
Q

Vehicles of infection

A

Contaminated food, water, blood, drugs

43
Q

TB, rubeola and varicella are all examples of infections transmitted via

A

airborne

44
Q

Any medium that transports microorganisms is termed

A

vehicle

45
Q

what are examples of arthropod-borne infectious disease

A

lyme disease, west nile virus, bubonic plague, rocky moutians spotted fever

46
Q

an arthropod in whose body an infectious organism develops/ multiplies before infecting a host is termed

A

vector

47
Q

what are conditions that require the use of contact precautions?

A

MRSA
Hepatitis A
varicella
impetigo

48
Q

when skin is being prepared for surgical procedure, it is first cleansed in what direction and motion?

A

Starting at the center, using a circular motion in widening circles
working from the center outward

49
Q

Disposable materials wet with contaminated blood or body fluids should be placed

A

in a red bag, or a special container marked with biohazard symbol

50
Q

When should mobile equipment be cleaned for mobile studies of compromised patients

A

before entering the room

51
Q

Regarding sterile technique, where are gowns considered sterile?

A

in the front from waist up and the sleeves

52
Q

what are the 3 types of transmission-based precautions?

A

-airborne
-droplet
-contact

53
Q

what type of transmission-based precaution requires a negative-pressure isolation room?

A

airborne

54
Q

what type of transmission-based precaution is required for influenza, mumps, and rubella?

A

droplet

55
Q

what type of transmission-based precaution is required for MRSA and varicella?

A

Contact

56
Q

What part of a sterile glove is not consdiered sterile when donning it with a nonsterile hand

A

the inside of the cuff

57
Q

All vascular access procedures require that the health care workers wear

A

gloves

58
Q

what type of transmission based precaution requires the health-care worker to wear a particulate protection/surgical string mask

A

droplet

59
Q

In what ways are needlestick injuries avoided?

A

by avoiding needle recapping
-if recapping is required, “one handed scoop” technique should be used.

60
Q

what care should be given to the moblie equipment for imaging a patient with contact precautions?

A

must be cleaned/decontaminated with antiseptic solution

61
Q

What type of transmission-based precaution requires the health care worker to wear a respiratory protection mask?

A

airborne

62
Q

what type of transmission-based precaution requires the health care workers to wear gloves and gowns?

A

contact

63
Q

what are Standard precautions ?

A

first tier of transmission base isolation, precautions uses barriers to prevent contact with all blood, all body fluids, non-in contact skin, and mucous membranes when there is a chance that infection could be transmitted 

64
Q

airborne
Precautions 

A

particulate respirator required for individuals entering a patient’s room 

65
Q

contact precautions 

A

gloves and gown required for individuals coming in contact with a patient 

66
Q

droplet precautions


A

mask required for persons coming in close contact with patient 

67
Q

PPE

A

protective personal equipment 

68
Q

OSHA

A

occupational safety and health administration 

69
Q

what is the the roll of the clean tech while working with isolation patients? 

A

is the only touch the radiographic equipment clean tax will drive the portable unit position the tube call me sad techniques in initiate exposure. The queen tack may also need to swap out. I are cassettes by grabbing the exposed IR without touching the outside surface of the protective bag and inserting a clean Cassatt 

70
Q

disinfection

A

water and chemicals are used

arrt prep (24 decks)

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