Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

arrt prep > additive and destructive pathologies to know > Flashcards

additive and destructive pathologies to know Flashcards

1
Q

what is an additive disease?

A

a disease that causes body tissues to thicken, increase in atomic number, or increase in density, requiring an increase in technical factors to achieve proper IR exposure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is an destructive disease?

A

a disease that causes the body tissues to thin, decrease in atomic number, or decrease in density, requiring a decrease in technical factors to achieve proper IR exposure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Atelectasis

A

partial or complete lung collapse due to blockage
-additive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Bronchiectasis

A

The walls of the bronchi are thickened from
inflammation and infection.
-additive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

cardiomegaly

A

enlargement of heart
-additive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

congestive heart failure (CHF)

A

Heart failure, failure to pump, fluid will collect in your lungs
-additive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Empyema

A
  • a collection of pus in the pleural space
    -additive
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Pleural Effusion

A
  • Fluid around the lung in the pleural space
    -additive
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Hemothorax

A
  • Blood in the pleural space, resulting from trauma
    -additive
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Pneumonia

A
  • Infection within the lung where air sacs fill with fluid or pus.
    -additive
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Pneumoconiosis

A

-a disease of the lungs due to inhalation of dust,
characterized by inflammation, coughing, and fibrosis.
-additive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Pneumonectomy

A
  • removal of part or complete lung due to disease
    -additive
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Tuberculosis

A
  • infection in the lungs with nodule growths
    -additive
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Emphysema -

A

Emphysema is a disease of the lungs that usually develops after
many years of smoking.
● The alveoli and lung tissue are destroyed.
● With this damage, the alveoli cannot support the bronchial tubes.
● The tubes collapse and cause an obstruction (a blockage), which traps air
inside the lungs
● Appearance = Over inflation
-destructive disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pneumothorax

A

the presence of air or gas in the cavity between the lungs and the chest wall, pleural cavity.
-destructive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA)

A

enlargement of the aorta. If bursts
severe bleeding occurs.
○ a weakening of an arterial wall that results in a bulge or balloon like
appearance
-additive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Ascites

A
  • fluid builds up in your abdomen, usually as a result of liver disease.
    -additive
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cirrhosis

A
  • late stage of liver disease of the liver caused by hepatitis and chronic alcoholism
    -additive
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Nephrolithiasis

A

-kidney stone
-additive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Urolithiasis

A

-ureter or bladder stone
-additive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Cholelithiasis

A

-gall stones
-additive

22
Q

Pancreatolithiasis

A

-pancreatic stones
-additive

23
Q

bowel obstruction

A
  • blockage in the intestines. Often from fibrous
    tissue that is compressing the gut
    -destructive
24
Q

Volvulus

A

twisting of the intestines causing blockage
-destructive

25
Q

Ileus

A

partial or complete blockage of small or large
intestine. Common after surgery.
-destructive

26
Q

Intussusception

A
  • bowel has “telescoped” into itself causing a
    blockage.
    “Slightly additive”
27
Q

Pneumoperitoneum -

A
  • Free air in the peritoneal cavity
    -destructive
28
Q

Hirschsprung’s disease

A

missing nerve cells in the muscles of part
or all of the large intestine, present at birth with swollen belly.
“Megacolon”
-destructive

29
Q

Aerophagia

A
  • repetitive or excessive air swallowing
    -destructive
30
Q

Acromegaly

A

Hormonal disorder that develops when your pituitary gland produces too much growth hormone
during adulthood. When you have too much growth hormone, your bones increase in size.
-additive

31
Q

Hydrocephalus-

A

The buildup of fluid in the cavities (ventricles) deep within the brain. The excess fluid increases
the size of the ventricles and puts pressure on the brain.
-additive

32
Q

Osteochondroma-

A

an overgrowth of cartilage and bone that happens at the end of the bone near the growth
plate. Non cancerous growth.
-additive

33
Q

Paget’s disease (osteitis deformans)

A

Characterized by abnormal cycle or process of bone destruction followed
by excessive bone growth and thickening. Bone will have a “cotton wool” appearance.
-additive

34
Q

Sclerosis

A
  • Stiffening of a tissue or anatomical structure
    -additive
35
Q

Osteopetrosis (Marble Bone)

A
  • Bones are thicker and more hard/dense than normal, but brittle at the same time
    -additive
36
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Reduction in bone mass resulting in higher chance of fracture resulting from age
-destructive

37
Q

Degenerative Arthritis

A
  • most common. Characterized by natural loss of joint cartilage that is related to
    but not caused by aging
    -destructive
38
Q

Osteomalacia (rickets)

A

Characterized by the softening of bones that results in insufficient mineralization. Can be caused by a decrease in absorption of either vitamin D or calcium
-destructive

39
Q

Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI)

A

brittle bone disease
-destructive

40
Q

Multiple Myeloma

A
  • Most common type of primary malignant bone tumor, “punched out appearance”
    -destructive
41
Q

Osteolytic Metastasis

A

-when metastatic cancer cells break down too much of the bone, making it very
weak.
-destructive

42
Q

gout

A

-increase in uric acid production resulting in bone erosion.
-destructive

43
Q

Carcinoma

A

-most common type of cancer. It begins in the epithelial tissue of the skin, or in the tissue that
lines internal organs, such as the liver or kidneys
-destructive

44
Q

Aseptic Necrosis

A

-A condition in which there is a loss of blood flow to bone tissue, which causes the bone
to die
-destructive

45
Q

Active Osteomyelitis

A

Bacterial bone infection that causes bone destruction and abscess formation
-destructive

46
Q

Abscess

A

-a swollen area within body tissue,
containing an accumulation of pus.
-additive

47
Q

edema

A

-additive
-Edema is swelling caused by excess fluid
trapped in your body’s tissues.
a. Pulmonary Edema - excess fluid in the lungs

48
Q

tumors

A
  • a swelling of a part of the body, generally
    without inflammation, caused by an abnormal
    growth of tissue, whether benign or malignant.
    -additive
49
Q

atrophy

A

-Muscle atrophy is the wasting
(thinning) or loss of muscle tissue.
-destructive

50
Q

Emaciation

A

-destructive
abnormally thin or weak,
especially because of illness or a lack of food.

51
Q

Anorexia Nervosa

A
  • Anorexia is characterized
    by a distorted body image, with an
    unwarranted fear of being overweight.
    -destructive

arrt prep (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions