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arrt prep > Ergonomics and Monitoring & medical emergencies; Patient care > Flashcards

Ergonomics and Monitoring & medical emergencies; Patient care Flashcards

1
Q

which side should you use to transfer the pt?

A

always transfer toward the patients strong side

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2
Q

What do you do to Equipment during or before transfers

A

-Make sure to lock wheels, raise rails

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3
Q

Proper body mechanics when doing patient transfers or lifts

A

-wide base
-feet apart
-balanced
-back straight
-don’t twist
-knees bent
-Better to push a heavy object rather then pull!

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4
Q

Log rolling

A

3-5 people
-the person at the patients head is the charge of the log roll

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5
Q

Slider board

A

-Can be used if a patient is not able to use their legs to complete a transfer between surfaces or if a standing transfer is not safe to perform

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6
Q

Transfer board

A

It is typically a flat, rigid board made of wood or plastic. It’s used to bridge two surfaces

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7
Q

Hoyer lift

A

Used to assist patients who need 90-100% ASSISTANCE
-Always keep patient facing the attendant operating the lifter

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8
Q

Gait belt

A

if the individual has a weak side, make sure to use his or her stronger side facing the destination
-stand as close to the individual as possible
-stand in front keeping your back straight, your knees slightly bent and your feet in a wide stance
-hold the individuals waist and lean forward and grasp the gait belt on both sides

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9
Q

Assisting patients with medical equipment

A

-Chest tube: below the level of the patient’s chest
Urinary catheter: Below the level of the patients bladder
IV-should be kept 18-24inches (45-60cm) above the vein

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10
Q

Tracheotomy

A

A tracheotomy is a surgical procedure in which an incision is made in the front of the neck and a breathing tube is placed into the trachea, also called the windpipe. The tube that is placed into the trachea is called a tracheotomy tube.

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11
Q

Tracheostomy

A

a hole that surgeons make through the front of the neck and into the windpipe (trachea). A tracheostomy tube is placed into the hole to keep it open for breathing. The term for the surgical procedure to create this opening is tracheotomy.

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12
Q

Nasogastric tube

A

A tube that goes in the nose and down the stomach
-used for nutrition or administering medicine
-used temporarily a weeks or a month not long term
-sucking out excess fluids out of the stomach
-gastric decompression

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13
Q

Nasojejunal tube

A

small tube that is passed through the nose and into the small bowel to feed children who cannot get enough nutrients by eating.

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14
Q

Oxygen Delivery rules

A

-Oxygen can’t be given to a patient without a doctor’s order
-02 Therapy 1-6 L/min

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15
Q

Nasal Cannula

A

two prong devices in the nostrils

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16
Q

Nasal Catheter

A

Catheter inserted into nostril and reaches oral pharynx

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17
Q

Face mask

A

Places over nose and mouth

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18
Q

Oxygen Tent

A

Used for pediatric patients who need a high concentration of oxygen

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19
Q

Ventilator

A

Respiratory failure

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20
Q

Sphygmomanometer

A

measures patients blood pressure

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21
Q

Stethoscope

A

Auscultation or listening device

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22
Q

Blood pressure

A

120/80
120= sysatolic contracting
80= diastolic relaxing

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23
Q

Hypertensive

A

High blood pressure
120-129
-a diastolic pressure less than 80

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24
Q

Hypotensive

A

Low blood pressure
lower than 90/60mmHg

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25
Q

Normal Pulse for adults

A

60-100 bpm

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26
Q

normal pulse for children

A

90-100 bpm

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27
Q

normal pulse for infants

A

80-120 bpm

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28
Q

Tachycardia

A

fast heart rhythm
-above 100 bpm

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29
Q

Bradycardia

A

slow heart rhythm
-below 60 bpm

30
Q

Low blood pressure symptoms

A

-dizzness/ lightheaded
-blurred vision
-fainting (syncope)
-fatigue
-rapid shallow breathing
-dehydration

31
Q

High blood pressure symptoms

A

-diffculty breathing
-chest pain
-irregular heartbeat
-blood in urine
-vision problems

32
Q

Normal respiration for adults

A

12-20 breaths per/min

33
Q

Normal respiration for children

A

30-60 breaths per/ min

34
Q

Average temperature for oral

A

98.6 F

35
Q

Average temperature for rectal

A

99.6 F
most accurate

36
Q

Average temperature for axillary

A

97.6 F

37
Q

Pulse location for a conscious adult

A

radial wrist

38
Q

Pulse location for a unconscious adult

A

Carotid

39
Q

Pulse location for a Infant

A

Brachial

40
Q

Tachypnea

A

fast breathing

41
Q

Bradypnea

A

Slow breathing

42
Q

Apnea

A

slow or stopped breathing

43
Q

Blood flow through the heart;
Try before you buy

A

1.)Incoming blood from body(veins)
2.)superior and inferior vena cava
3.)Right atrium
4.)tricuspid valve
5.)Right ventricle
6.)Pulmonary semilunar valve
7.)Pulmonary artery
8.)lungs
9.)pulmonary veins
10.)left atrium
11.)Bicuspid valve
12.)left ventricle
13.)Aortic semilunar valve
14.) Aorta
15.)Outgoing blood to body (arteries)

44
Q

Stroke

A

-loss of motor control
-speech impairment
-loss of consciousness possible
-facial drup
-FAST= face/arm/speech/time

45
Q

Cervical Injuries

A

-Stabilize neck
-log roll
-RT’s can’t remove c collars

46
Q

Long bone fractures

A

Support the limb above and below the joint

47
Q

Quadriplegia

A

4 limbs paralysis

48
Q

Paraplegia

A

legs

49
Q

Hemiplegia

A

1 side

50
Q

Incident reports

A

-truthful
-objective
-do it as soon as possible
-document

51
Q

sequence of exams

A
  1. all radiographic exams not requiring contrast media first
  2. lab studies for iodine uptake
  3. radiographic exams of the urniary tract
    4.exams of biliary tract
    5.any CT exams prior before barium
    6.lower GI before upper
  4. Upper GI series after BE
52
Q

What patients should be schedule early for exams

A

-pediatrics
-geriatrics
-diabetic patients because of the need for insulin
-NPO patients

53
Q

Latex reaction

A

-Minor= Urticaria(hives)
-Severe= anaphylaxis
-checks supplies and ask about latex allergies

54
Q

Cardiac/ Respiratory Arrest

A

-CAB= compressions, airway, breathing. (use a ambu bag)
-30 chest compressions, 2 breaths
-AED= Automated external defibrillator is used to help those experiencing sudden cardiac arrest

55
Q

If a patient has a head injury….

A

Immobilize until cervical injury is ruled out

56
Q

Dressings go into

A

contaminated disposal

57
Q

Syncope

A

Fainting
-put patient trendelberg feet above head

58
Q

Hyperglycemia

A

High blood glucose happens when the body has too little insulin or when the body can’t use insulin properly.
-too much sugar

59
Q

Hypoglycemia

A

a condition in which your blood sugar (glucose) level is lower than the standard range.
“cold and clammy give them candy”

60
Q

Seizure

A

petit seizure- no long term problems, typically blank out and stare into space
grand mal seizure-loss of consciousness, muscle contraction

61
Q

Epistaxis

A

Noseblees

62
Q

Vertigo

A

dizzy

63
Q

Asthma dsypnea

A

difficulty breathing

64
Q

Orthostatic hypertension

A

happens when you go from recumbent to upright

65
Q

What kind of tube is likely to be used in cases of pleural effusion, pneumothorax or hemothorax?

A

Chest tube (thoracostomy tube)

66
Q

Large gauge needles have a _____ bore; the part of the needle attached to the syringe is the ______.

A

smaller; hub

67
Q

The term that refers to medication or contrast medium leaked from a vein, or inadvertently introduced into tissues outside a vein, is ______; the term referring to the diffusion of injected material into adjacent tissues is ______

A

extravasation; infiltration

68
Q

How many doses of injectable medication are contained in an ampoule?

A

One

69
Q

after a pace maker is inserted avoided

A

lifting the patients left arm for 24 hr

70
Q

diabetic coma symtoms

A

fruity smelling breath
dry skin

arrt prep (24 decks)

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