Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

arrt prep > tips and tricks for registry! > Flashcards

tips and tricks for registry! Flashcards

(99 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

what bone is shaped like a bat?

A

sphenoid
-only 1 bone!!! don’t mix it it up temporal
-anterior to temporal bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what bone is shaped like a ploughshare?

A

vomer
-externally corresponds with the acnathion
-articulates with the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone forming the bony nasal septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

where are the malleus, incus and stapes located

A

in the middle ear!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

inner ear

A

semi circle canal
cochlea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what bone is shaped like a snail?

A

cochlea
organ of hearing **

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is a wormian bone?

A

tiny bones that form within the sutures in the skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

where do we find transverse foramen

A

in the cervical vertebrae ONLY
in the transverse process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

purpose of transverse foramen

A

to allow blood vessels to go to your brain
* only cervical has transverse foramen !

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

purpose of vertebral foramen?

A

to allow your spinal cord to travel up and down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

purpose of intervertebral foramen?

A

to allow your spinal nerves to come off the spinal cord to get to every part of your body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

cervical spinous processes are usually

A

bifid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the largest foramen in the body?

A

obturator foramen
* only made up of the pubis and ilium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what position would best show foramen rotundum

A

waters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is called the romance of the abdomen

A

the relationship between the head of the pancreas and the duodenum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

pancreatic cancer is often diagnosed

A

too late
people die quick from it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

pancreatic duct and common bile duct

A

enter the duodenum at the hepato pancreatic sphincter
* ERCP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

ECRP

A

Through the mouth into the esophagus to the stomach into the duodenum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

in what quadrant is the spleen located?

A

left upper quadrant
along with stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what organs are found in right lower quadrant

A

appendix and cecum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what organs are found in right upper quadrant

A

gallbladder
liver
and hepatic flexture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what organs are found in the left lower quadrant

A

sigmoid
and rectum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what structure is common to both respiratory and digestive tracts?

A

pharynx
has three parts to it
nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what are the structures found in the mediastinum

A

esophagus
heart
thymus gland
trachea
great vessels
* space between the lungs *

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

the thymus gland

A

-helps fight infection makes wbc
in infants it is very large!
*keep babies head not tilted when you take a chest x-ray

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
difference between a vial and a ampule?
vial= many doses ampule= 1 dose usually made out of glass
26
what is spina bifida?
a birth defect that occurs when the spine and spinal cord don’t form properly. It’s a type of neural tube defect. The neural tube is the structure in a developing embryo that eventually becomes the babies brain spinal cord in the tissues that enclose them. -congenital
27
Moire pattern
happens in CR only
28
quantum noise
shows up blotchy not enough photons hitting the dectector -increase mAs
29
in order to decrease noise
you have to increase mAs
30
what is the relationship between kvp and contrast
the more the k’s the more the greys
31
high kvp
low contrast indirect relationship
32
low kyp
high contrast * think of a hand x ray
33
how would you know if your pixels are saturated?
-lack of contrast -not necessary black but over exposed!
34
dynamic range
the range of exposures that may be captured by a detector. -includes the good and the bad
35
exposure latitude
the range of exposures which produces quality images, at appropriate patient doses!!!
36
name 3 different detector types used in DR?
1. flat panel ( indirect and direct types) 2. charged couple device 3. CMOS ( complementary metal oxide semiconductor)
37
what is the PSP ( CR) plate made of
barium fluorohalide doped with europium
38
AEC
controls the length of the exposure -select the correct cells and POSITION CORRECTLY
39
what is the difference between Automatic brightness control and automatic exposure rate control
maintain brightness on the computer monitor as the doctor fluoro AERC-adjusts the kvp, filteration, pulse width, mAs (new fluoro flat panel detectors) ABC-maintains monitor brightness by adjusting the kvp and mAs (old fluoro)
40
what is leakage radiation and what is the limit?
leaks out of the tube housing -1 mGy per hr @ 1 meter**** - tube housing lead lined*
41
difference between male and female pelvis
males is at an acute angle (less than 90) females is an obtuse angle ( more than 90 degrees)
42
spatial resolution
1. motion 2. materials (involves pixels, and anything that has to do with pixel size) 3. FSS 4. OID 5. SID
43
for the best spatial resolution
1. NO motion 2. smallest pixel size 3. smallest FSS 4. shortest OID 5. longest SID
44
where is the focal spot size
on the anode target where the electrons hit
45
define orthostatic breathing why is it used? and name for studies that use it? 
1. lateral t spine 2. RAO sternum 3. trans thoracic humerus. 4. AP scapula  * Used to blur out the pulmonary markings
46
what are you x-raying if you are doing the coyle method
- the elbow - if the patient fully can’t extend there arm!!!! - when you cannot do regular obliques -radial head: humerus and the forearm 90 degrees ** 45 degrees towards the shoulder joint -coronoid process: in profile humerus and forearm 80 degrees **45 degrees away from shoulder
47
why are you x-raying if you are doing the Judet method?
- specifically to see the acetabulum -pelvic obliques -45 degree oblique plevis and you do both sides -UP: if you center to the upside your looking at the posterior??
48
name 2 methods that can be done to demonstrate the patella
- tangential merchant -tangential settegast -
49
difference between quantum mottle and quantum noise?
Mottle: film Noise: digital
50
why do use the gaynor heart method for the wrist
to identify carpal tunnel syndrome
51
what are the sinuses demonstrated on an AP Townes method
NONE
52
What position demonstrates the coranoid process in profile and where is the other one located?
-medial oblique elbow -mandible
53
greater tuberisty in profile? and how are the epicondyles
-extrenal rotation of elbow -epicondyles are parallel to the IR
54
1 inch
is 2.54 cm** -inches to cm you multiple by 2.54 -cm to inches you divide by 2.54
55
any machine operating at 70 kvp above has to
have 2.5 mm Aluminum
56
7 types of electromagnetic radiation
-radiowaves (longest waves) -microwaves -visible light -ultraviolet -x-rays -gamma (shortest waves)
57
difference between gamma rays and x rays
-gamma rays come from the nucleus of a particle (same with alpha and beta particles) -x-rays you make in an x-ray tube *there very identical
58
difference between fixed and variable kvp
fixed kvp: you use the same kvp for everyone and you vary the mAs variable kvp: everyone knee isn't the same, you use a different kVp, but you use the same mAs -every centimeter it's 2 kvp** -for every 4-5 cm you double your mAs**
59
Define LET and RBE
LET: Linear energy transfer RBE: relative biological effect * directly related
60
Z #
Atomic number and number of protons
61
A #
Atomic mass number protons plus neutrons
62
how to calculate electrons
same number as protons, unless the atom is ionized
63
magnification factor formula
MF = Image/ object SID/ SOD
64
Formula to determine blur or penumbra
blur or penumbra = The FSS x OID/ SOD
65
difference between inverse square law and direct square law
inverse: has to deal with protection Direct: maintaining receptor exposure
66
Volvuslus
twisting of the bowel and is worst then intussusception!!
67
Intussusception
the intestine telescopes into itself -happens in babies
68
where is your adductor tubercle
distal femur
69
what does PET scan stand for
positron emission tomography
70
which post processing technique reduces noise?
smoothing
71
equalization for post processing
takes an image and on the one side of it removes the low brightness and on the other side removes the high brightness
72
what is the breathing technique for a abdomen
expiration -diaphragm moves up
73
what would you do to demonstrate the retrogastric space
a lateral stomach
74
how to spot an AP stomach from a PA stomach in a UGI
AIR IN FUNDUS: PA BARIUM IN FUNDUS: AP *the fundus is more posterior than the rest of the stomach
75
flattening of the diaphragm
emphsyema
76
pleural effusion of the diaphragm
blunting
77
indication for a soft tissue neck
epigolotitis -in an infant it can be fetal
78
acteletasis
partial or complete collapsed lung -additive
79
Pneumoconioses
inhale dust -additive
80
empyema
a collection of pus between the cavity of lungs -additive
81
ankalosing spondylitis
a form of spinal arthritis -bamboo spine -additive
82
what does parental mean?
ANYTHING OTHER by mouth
83
Fidelity
faithful
84
Veracity
telling the truth
85
leg length
x-ray hip, knee and ankle
86
bolus
a large dose of a substance given by injection
87
less than 70 kvp all the interactions
are brems!! there isn't any characteristic
88
more than 70 kvp
85 % brems 15 % charcteristic
89
quantization
takes a pixel and assigns a number to it ability to assign a value to each pixel
90
how to find SOD
OD = SID -OID
91
pharynx
is apart of both digestive and respiratory
92
Rods and cones
rods: scotopic vision ( night ) cones: photopic vision ( day ) * has to do with fluoro
93
quality assurance has to do with
people
94
quality control has to do with
equipment
95
what is worst indirect or direct effect
indirect hits the water cell 80% H2O happens more often
96
attenuation
has to do with the beam the reduction in the beam as it passes through matter
97
absorption
has to do with the patient absorption
98
transmission
has to do with what gets through the patient and gets to the IR!
99
radiation is more sensitive when the cells are
oxygenated

arrt prep (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions