Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANAPHY101 > Unit XI (Slides) > Flashcards

Unit XI (Slides) Flashcards

1
Q

ACTH, TSH, GH, PRL, FSH, LH, and MSH

A

PITUITARY GLAND

Anterior lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Release of oxytocin and ADH

A

PITUITARY GLAND

Posterior lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

(Undergoes atrophy during adulthood)

Thymosins

A

THYMUS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Production of ADH, oxytocin, and regulatory hormones

A

HYPOTHALAMUS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Thyroxine (T) Triiodothyronine (T) Calcitonin (CT)

A

THYROID GLAND

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

A

PARATHYROID GLANDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Renin

Erythropoietin (EPO)

Calcitriol

A

KIDNEY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Natriuretic peptides: ANP and BNP

A

HEART

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Melatonin

A

PINEAL GLAND

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Leptin Resistin

A

ADIPOSE TISSUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Epinephrine (E)
Norepinephrine (NE)

A

Adrenal medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cortisol, corticosterone. aldosterone, androgens

A

Adrenal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Testes (male): Androgens (especially
testosterone, inhibin Ovaries (female)
Estrogens, progestins inhibin

A

GONADS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Insulin, glucagon

A

PANCREATIC ISLETS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The ___ is located in the middle of the brain.

It secretes a hormone called melatonin, which helps regulate the wake-sleep cycle of the body.

A

pineal gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The pineal gland is located in the middle of the brain.

It secretes a hormone called ___, which helps regulate the wake-sleep cycle of the body.

A

melatonin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

(an antioxidant): Regulates sleep-wake cycles; may play a role in influencing reproductive processes

A

Melatonin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The ___ controls body temperature, hunger, parenting: attachment behaviors, thirst, fatigue, sleep, and circadian rhythms.

Located at the base of the brain, near the pituitary gland.

A

hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

(CRH)

A

Corticotropin-releasing hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

(ACTH)

A

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

an important stress hormone.

A

cortisol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

(CRH) Corticotropin-releasing hormone signals the ___ to produce Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which triggers the production of cortisol, an important stress hormone.

A

Pituitary Gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

(TRH)

A

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

(TSH)

A

Thyroid-stimulating hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

___ plays an important role in the function of the heart, GIT, and muscles.

A

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) signals the ___ to produce Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) which plays an important role in the function of the heart, GIT, and muscles.

A

Pituitary Gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

(GnRH)

A

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

(FSH)

A

Follicle-stimulating hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

(LH)

A

Luteinizing hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

___ and ___ play an important role in sexual development and functioning.

A

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) + Luteinizing hormone (LH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

___ is a hormone that controls many important behaviors and emotions

A

Oxytocin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

___ is also called antidiuretic hormone (ADH), this hormone regulates water levels in the body.

A

Vasopressin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Vasopressin is also called ___

A

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

When vasopressin is released, it signals the kidneys to ___ water.

A

absorb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

___ works to stop the pituitary gland from releasing certain hormones, like growth hormones and thyroid-stimulating hormones.

A

Somatostatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Its major nuclei are the ventromedial (helps control appetite) and arcuate nuclei (in releasing growth hormone).

A

Middle region of the hypothalamus (tubular part)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

the middle region of the hypothalamus (tubular part) consists of:

A

the ventromedial

arcuate nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

(helps control appetite)

A

the ventromedial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

(in releasing growth hormone).

A

arcuate nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

It helps regulate body temperature by causing shivering and blocking sweat production and mammillary nuclei (memory function).

A

Posterior region of the hypothalamus (mammillary region)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

The posterior region of the hypothalamus (mammillary region) helps regulate body temperature by ___, ___ and ___

A

causing shivering and

blocking sweat production and

mammillary nuclei (memory function).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

The ___ is located at the base of the brain beneath the hypothalamus and is no larger than a pea.

It is the most important endocrine system organ because it controls many functions of other endocrine glands.

A

pituitary gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

___ stimulates the Thyroid Gland to produce Thyroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3) to regulate the body’s temperature, metabolism, and heart rate

A

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

(TSH)

A

Thyroid-stimulating hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

(T4)

A

Thyroxine

46
Q

(T3)

A

Triiodothyronine

47
Q

___ and ___ to regulate the body’s temperature, metabolism, and heart rate

A

Thyroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3)

48
Q

Stimulates the adrenal gland to produce cortisol, corticosteroids, & androgen; can stimulate melanocytes

A

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

49
Q

(ACTH)

A

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

50
Q

___ in females: Helps control ovulation and menstruation; important in sustaining pregnancy

A

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

51
Q

(LH)

A

Luteinizing hormone

52
Q

“fertile eunuch”

A

Pasqualini syndrome

53
Q

___ Stimulates growth and secretion of eggs in ovaries (female) and sperm in testes(male).

A

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

54
Q

(FSH)

A

Follicle Stimulating Hormone

55
Q

___ is a condition characterized by delayed or absent puberty.

A

Kallmann syndrome

56
Q

limited sperm production

A

(oligozoospermia)

57
Q

___: Controls bone and tissue growth and regulates metabolism.

A

Growth Hormone (GH)

58
Q

(GH)

A

Growth Hormone

59
Q

abnormal growth of the face, hands, and feet.

A

Acromegaly

60
Q

___: Stimulates mammary glands to produce milk (after pregnancy); influences sexual gratification

A

Prolactin

61
Q
  • ovarian and erectile dysfunction
  • premature ejaculation, low
    concentration of sperm, reduced
    sperm motility
A

Hypoprolactinemia

62
Q

___ is produced by the hypothalamus and then secreted by the Pituitary Gland to stimulate uterine contraction and increase the production of prostaglandins to further increase labor pains.

A

Oxytocin

63
Q

___: Raises blood pressure due to vasoconstriction; promotes water reabsorption in the kidney tubules.

A

Vasopressin (ADH)

64
Q

When there’s too much ADH in the blood, ___ will result.

A

syndrome of inappropriate ADH (SIADH)

65
Q

(SIADH)

A

syndrome of inappropriate ADH

66
Q

___ is stimulated from the hypothalamus and secreted by the PG to increase skin and hair pigmentation

A

Melanocytes-Stimulating Hormone (MSH)

67
Q

(MSH)

A

Melanocytes-Stimulating Hormone

68
Q

The ___ is a butterfly-shaped gland that sits low on the front of the neck.

Regulates body metabolism (requires iodine) and growth and development; affects protein synthesis;

A

thyroid gland

69
Q

___ are two pairs of small glands embedded in the surface of the thyroid gland, one pair on each side.

A

Parathyroid glands

70
Q

___ Secretes Parathormone Regulates blood calcium levels in the kidneys, bones, and intestine

A

Parathyroid Glands

71
Q

Parathyroid Glands Secretes ___

A

Parathormone

72
Q

___ Regulates blood calcium levels in the kidneys, bones, and intestine

A

Parathormone

73
Q

Too much parathyroid hormone causes raised calcium levels in the
blood (hypercalcemia) and this is referred to as ___

A

primary hyperparathyroidism.

74
Q

If the bones continue to release calcium into the blood, bone-thinning results, which could lead to fractures or spinal column curvature.

This is known as ___

A

Osteoporosis

75
Q

Too little leads to hypocalcemia then ___.

A

hyperphosphatemia

76
Q

___ helps build and repair bones and teeth, helps nerves function, and makes muscles contract.

A

Phosphorus

77
Q

Thymus gland Secretes ___ which Stimulates the production of T cells for cellular immunity.

A

Thymosin

78
Q

___ is manifested with loss of sensation, muscle twitches, convulsions, and eventually paralysis.

A

Hypocalcemia

79
Q

___ is an ineffective immune response

A

Immunodeficiency

80
Q

___ is the mistaken recognition of self-antigens.

A

Autoimmunity

81
Q

The ___ secretes Catecholamines (norepinephrine (adrenaline) and epinephrine (noradrenaline)).

A

adrenal medulla

82
Q

the inner portion of the Adrenal Gland

A

The adrenal medulla,

83
Q

the Catecholamines

A

(norepinephrine (adrenaline) and epinephrine (noradrenaline)).

84
Q

Has powerful effects on the body, like increased blood sugar levels and increased heart rate
increased contractility (how hard the heart squeezes) relaxation of smooth muscle in the airways to improve breathing

A

Epinephrine (Adrenaline)

85
Q

It is released when a host of physiological changes are activated by a stressful event.

A

Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline)

86
Q

____: a rare tumor in the adrenal glands that leads to too much epinephrine and
norepinephrine.

A

Pheochromocytoma

87
Q

Increase blood volume reabsorption of Na and secretion of K.

Regulates electrolyte levels in extracellular fluid

A

Aldosterone

88
Q

Influence glucose, amino acid, and fat synthesis in metabolism.

Decrease inflammatory responses and promote immunosuppression

A

Cortisol

89
Q

*Caused by a problem within the adrenal glands
*Usually caused by a benign tumor of the adrenal gland or bilateral adrenal hyperplasia
(enlargement of an organ caused by an increase in the reproduction rate of its cells)

A

Primary Hyperaldosteronism (Conn’s disease)

90
Q

another name for Primary Hyperaldosteronism

A

(Conn’s disease)

91
Q

(enlargement of an organ caused by an increase in the reproduction rate of its cells)

A

bilateral adrenal hyperplasia

92
Q

Cases due to a pituitary adenoma = ___

A

Cushing’s disease

93
Q

___ is when there is adrenal deficiency.

A

Addison’s disease

94
Q

___ is an elongated organ located across the back of the abdomen behind the stomach.

A

Pancreas

95
Q

Secrete glucagon

Speeds glycogenolysis (conversion of glycogen to glucose); raises blood sugar when low; stimulates the breakdown of fats and proteins.

A

Alpha (A cells)

96
Q

Secrete Insulin

Allows the body to use (glucose) from CHO for energy & store glucose for future use.

Helps keep the blood sugar level from hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia.

Secrete Amylin

Amylin: (co-secreted with insulin) inhibits glucagon secretion, delays gastric emptying, and acts as a satiety agent.

A

Beta (B cells)

97
Q

___: (co-secreted with insulin) inhibits glucagon secretion, delays gastric emptying, and acts as a satiety agent.

A

Amylin

98
Q

Secrete Somatostatin

Regulates the secretion of hormones coming from the pituitary gland, including growth hormone and thyroid stimulating hormone.

A

Delta (D cells)

99
Q

Regulates the secretion of hormones coming from the pituitary gland, including growth hormone and thyroid stimulating hormone.

A

Somatostatin

100
Q

Secrete Pancreatic Polypeptide (PP).

Its secretion is stimulated by eating, exercising, and fasting.

It can inhibit gallbladder contraction and pancreatic exocrine secretion.

A

F cells

101
Q

___ are where male and female gametes are produced.

A

Gonads

102
Q

___: For reproduction and the development of female sex characteristics (breast development; widening of the pelvis, growth of pubic hairs, maturation and development of uterus and vagina).

A

Estrogens

103
Q

___: Prepare the uterus for conception; regulate uterus changes during the menstrual cycle; increase sexual desire; aid in ovulation; and stimulate gland development for milk production during pregnancy.

A

Progesterone

104
Q

___: a precursor to testosterone and estrogens.

A

Androstenedione

105
Q

___: Stimulates the production and release of FSH. It also assists in menstrual cycle regulation.

A

Activin

106
Q

___: Inhibits the production and release of FSH.

A

Inhibin

107
Q

___ are hormones that influence the development of the male reproductive system.

A

Androgens (Testosterone)

108
Q

___: Hormone that serves as a precursor to testosterone and estrogens.

A

Androstenedione

109
Q

___: Hormone that inhibits the release of FSH and is thought to be involved in sperm cell development and regulation.

A

Inhibin

110
Q

___ is responsible for increased muscle and bone mass; increased growth of body hair; development of broad shoulders; deepening of the voice; and growth of the penis.

A

Testosterone

111
Q
A

ANAPHY101 (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions