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Ap Psych Vocab > Unit 9- Development > Flashcards

Unit 9- Development Flashcards

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1
Q

developmental psychology

A

studies physical, cognitive, and social changes through life

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2
Q

zygote

A

fertilized egg

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3
Q

embryo

A

2 weeks after fertilization, developing human

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4
Q

teratogens

A

agents reach fetus during pregnancy, cause harm

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5
Q

fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)

A

abnormalities in children due to pregnant woman’s drinking

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6
Q

habituation

A

decreased response with repeated stimulation

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7
Q

maturation

A

growth processes that enable changes

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8
Q

cognition

A

mental activities

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9
Q

schema

A

concept that organizes/interprets information

Ex: This child has formed a schema called “COW” which he uses to think about animals of a certain shape and size.

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10
Q

assimilation

A

interpreting new experiences in terms of existing schema

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11
Q

accommodation

A

adapting current understandings to incorporate new information

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12
Q

sensorimotor stage

A

piaget theory, birth-2, infants know world through sensory activities
- object permanence, stranger anxiety

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13
Q

object permanence

A

awareness things continue to exist even when not perceived

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14
Q

preoperational stage

A

child learns language, can’t comprehend logical mental operations, 2-6/7 years
-egocentrism, pretend play

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15
Q

conservation

A

properties such as volume and mass remain the same despite object change

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16
Q

egocentrisim

A

preoperational child has difficulty taking another person’s point of view

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17
Q

theory of mind

A

peoples ideas about own and other’s mental states

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18
Q

autism spectrum disorder

A

deficiencies in social interaction, fixations

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19
Q

concrete operational stage

A

6/7-11 years, children can think logically

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20
Q

formal operational stage

A

12 years, children can think abstract

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21
Q

stranger anxiety

A

infants display fear of strangers

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22
Q

attachment

A

emotional tie

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23
Q

critical period

A

exposure to certain experiences produces normal development

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24
Q

imprinting

A

animals form strong attachments during early life critical period

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25
Q

temperament

A

persons characteristic emotional reactivity/intensity

26
Q

basic trust

A

world is predictable and trustworthy

27
Q

self concept

A

thoughts and feelings about ourselves

28
Q

gender

A

socially constructed roles/characteristics define male/female

29
Q

aggression

A

behavior intended to hurt

30
Q

gender role

A

set of expected behavior for male/female

31
Q

role

A

set of expectation about social position

32
Q

gender identity

A

our sense of being male and female

33
Q

social learning theory

A

learn social behavior by observing, imitation, and rewards and punishments

34
Q

gender typing

A

acquisition of traditional masculine and feminine roles

35
Q

transgender

A

gender identity differs from birth sex

36
Q

adolescence

A

transition from childhood to adult

37
Q

identity

A

our sense of self

38
Q

social identity

A

self concept developed through social settings

39
Q

intimacy

A

ability to form close relationships

40
Q

emerging adulthood

A

period between adolescent dependence to independent adult

41
Q

X chromosome

A

sex chromosome in both men and women

42
Q

Y chromosome

A

sex chromosome in men

43
Q

testosterone

A

male sex hormone, stimulates growth

44
Q

puberty

A

period of sexual maturation

45
Q

primary sex characteristics

A

body structures that make reproduction possible

46
Q

secondary sex characteristics

A

nonreproductive sexual traits

47
Q

menarche

A

first menstrual period

48
Q

AIDs

A

STI, depletes immune system

49
Q

sexual orientation

A

sexual attraction toward different sexes

50
Q

menopause

A

time of natural cessation of menustration

51
Q

cross sectional study

A

study in which people of different ages are compared

52
Q

longitudinal study

A

study of someone over long period of time

53
Q

social clock

A

preferred timing of social events (marriage, etc)

54
Q

Jean Piaget

A

influential observer of children; theory of cognitive development

55
Q

Lev Vygotsky

A

sociocultural theory/influence of child development

56
Q

Konrad Lorenz

A

dealt with nature of instinctive behavioral acts

57
Q

Harry Harlow

A

maternal separation, dependency needs, social isolation, importance of caregiving

58
Q

Margaret Harlow

A

importance of parental care in infant development

59
Q

Mary Ainsworth

A

attachment theory

60
Q

Albert Bandura

A

social learning theory

61
Q

Erik Erikson

A

expanded Freud stages, stages of life

62
Q

Lawrence Kohlberg

A

moral reasoning

Ap Psych Vocab (14 decks)

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