Unit 5- States of Consciousness

Question 1

hypnosis

Answer 1

subject responds to hypnotist’s suggestions that certain perceptions/feelings/thoughts/behaviors will spontaneously occur

Question 1

consciousness

Answer 1

our awareness of ourselves/environment

Question 2

posthypnotic suggestion

Answer 2

help control undesired symptoms/behaviors after hypnosis (suggestions during hypnosis to be carried out after)

Question 3

dissociation

Answer 3

split in consciousness, allows some thoughts/behaviors to occur simultaneously with others

Question 4

circadian rhythm

Answer 4

biological clock, regular body rhythms on a 24 hour cycle

Question 5

REM sleep

Answer 5

rapid eye movement sleep, vidid dreams occur, “paradoxical sleep” because muscles relaxed

Question 6

alpha waves

Answer 6

slow brain waves of relaxed/awake state

Question 7

sleep

Answer 7

periodic, natural loss of consciousness

Question 8

hallucinations

Answer 8

false sensory experiences

Question 9

delta waves

Answer 9

large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep

Question 10

NREM sleep

Answer 10

all sleeping stages but REM sleep

Question 11

suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)

Answer 11

cell clusters in hypothalamus that controls circadian rhythm

Question 12

insomnia

Answer 12

problem falling/staying asleep

Question 13

narcolepsy

Answer 13

uncontrollable sleep attacks

Question 14

sleep apnea

Answer 14

sleep disorder, stop breathing during sleep and repeated awakenings

Question 15

night terrors

Answer 15

high arousal/appearance of being terrified, occur during NREM-3

Question 16

dream

Answer 16

sequence of images/thoughts/emotions passing through sleeping mind

Question 17

manifest content

Answer 17

Freud, remembered storyline of dream

Question 18

latent content

Answer 18

Freud, underlying meaning of dream

Question 19

REM rebound

Answer 19

REM sleep increases following REM sleep deprivation

Question 20

substance use disorder

Answer 20

continued substance craving/use despite significant life disruption and/or physical risk

Question 21

psychoactive drug

Answer 21

chemical substance, alters perceptions/moods

Question 22

tolerance

Answer 22

diminishing effect with regular use of drug

Question 23

addiction

Answer 23

compulsive craving of drugs/certain behaviors

Question 24

withdrawal

Answer 24

discomfort/distress that follow discontinuing an addictive drug/behavior

Question 25

depressants

Answer 25

drugs that reduce neural activity/slow body functions

Question 26

alcohol use disorder

Answer 26

alcohol use marked by tolerance, withdrawal, and drive to continue use

Question 27

barbiturates

Answer 27

drugs that depress central nervous system activity, reducing anxiety but impairing memory/judgement

Question 28

opiates

Answer 28

depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety (heroin/morphine)

Question 29

stimulants

Answer 29

drugs that excite neural activity and speed up body functions (nicotine, caffeine, cocaine)

Question 30

amphetamines

Answer 30

drugs, stimulate neural activity, speed up body functions, associated with energy/mood changes

Question 31

nicotine

Answer 31

stimulating/highly addictive psychoactive drug in tobacco

Question 32

cocaine

Answer 32

powerful/addictive stimulant, coca plant, temporary alertness/euphoria

Question 33

methamphetamine

Answer 33

stimulates CNS, speeds up body function, mood/energy changes, reduce baseline dopamine levels

Question 34

ecstasy (MDMA)

Answer 34

stimulant/mild hallucinogen, produces euphoria/social intimacy, short-term health risks, long-term harm to serotonin producing neurons/mood/cognition

Question 35

hallucinogens

Answer 35

psychedelic drugs, distort perceptions and evoke sensory images

Question 36

LSD

Answer 36

hallucinogenic drug

Question 37

near-death experience

Answer 37

altered state of consciousness reported after close brush with death (cardiac arrest), similar to drug-induced hallucinations

Question 38

THC

Answer 38

major active ingredient in marijuana, triggers many effects and mild hallucinations

Question 39

William James

Answer 39

continuos stream of consciousness, each moment flowing into the next, functionalism, James-Lange theory (physical changes first, then leads to experience of emotion)

Question 40

Ernest Hilgard

Answer 40

hypnosis involves not only social influence, but also special dual-processing state of dissociation

Question 41

Sigmund Freud

Answer 41

manifest/latent content (psychoanalytic theory)