Unit 10- Personality Flashcards

1
Q

personality

A

pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting

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2
Q

free association

A

exploring unconscious, a person relaxes and says what comes to their mind

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3
Q

psychoanalysis

A

theory of personality attributes thoughts/actions to unconscious motives

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4
Q

unconscious

A

reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts/memories/feelings

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5
Q

id

A

unconscious energy, strives to satisfy basic sexual/aggressive drives

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6
Q

ego

A

conscious, mediates id/superego, prefers pleasure over pain (satisfies id desire), executive part of personality

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7
Q

superego

A

represents internalized ideas, provides standards for judgement/aspitations

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8
Q

psychosexual stages

A

oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital, childhood stages of development, id’s pleasure seeking energies focus on erogenous zones

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9
Q

oedipus complex

A

boy’s sexual desire to mother, jealousy and hatred for father (sees him as rival)

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10
Q

identification

A

children incorporate parent’s values into superego

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11
Q

fixation

A

pleasure seeking energies at the stage with unresolved conflicts

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12
Q

defense mechanisms

A

ego’s protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality

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13
Q

repression

A

defense mechanism, banishes from consciousness anxiety arousing thoughts

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14
Q

psychodynamic theories

A

modern-day, view personality with a focus on unconscious and childhood

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15
Q

collective unconscious

A

inherited reservoir of memory traces from species history

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16
Q

projective test

A

personality test, provides ambiguous stimuli designed to trigger projection of one’s inner dynamics

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17
Q

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

A

express inner feelings through stories

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18
Q

Rorschach inkblot test

A

identify inner feelings by analyzing interpretations of inkblots

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19
Q

false consensus effect

A

overestimate extent to which we share beliefs and behaviors

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20
Q

terror management theory

A

explore response to reminders of impending death

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21
Q

humanistic theories

A

view personality and potential for healthy personal growth

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22
Q

self actualization

A

motivation to fulfill ones potential

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23
Q

unconditional positive regard

A

attitude of total acceptance toward another person

24
Q

self concept

A

thoughts and feelings about ourselves

25
trait
patterns of behavior to feel and act
26
personality inventory
used to assess selected personality traits
27
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
identify emotional disorders
28
empirically derived test
testing pool of items, selecting those that discriminate between groups
29
social cognitive perspective
behavior influenced by interaction between people's traits and their social context
30
behavioral approach
effects of learning on personality development
31
reciprocal determinism
interacting influences of behavior/internal cognition/environment, Bandura's theory
32
positive psychology
study of optimal human functioning
33
self
center of personality, organizer of thoughts, feelings, and actions
34
spotlight effect
overestimating others' noticing appearance and performance
35
self esteem
one's feelings of high and low self worth
36
self efficacy
one's sense of competence and effectiveness
37
self serving bias
a readiness to perceive oneself favorably
38
narcissism
excessive self love and self absorption
39
individualism
identity of personal attributes over group identifications
40
collectivism
priority to goals of group, defines one's identity
41
Sigmund Freud
mind divided into id, ego, and superego, components create personality
42
Alfred Adler
one basic desire to belong and feel significant
43
Carl Jung
orientations of personality: extraversion/introversion, 8 personality types
44
Abraham Maslow
humanistic, human behavior driven by needs
45
Carl Rogers
humanistic, behavior motivated by self actualization
46
Paul Costa
5 factor model
47
Martin Seligman
research on helplessness, prevent depression
48
oral psychosexual stage
pleasure centers on mouth (sucking, biting, chewing)
49
anal psychosexual stage
pleasure focuses on bowel and bladder elimination
50
phallic psychosexual stage
pleasure zone is genitals, coping with incestuous feelings
51
latency psychosexual stage
a phase of dormant sexual feelings
52
genital psychosexual stage
maturation of sexual interests
53
reaction formation
people express feelings that are the opposite of their anxiety-arousing unconscious feelings
54
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
1. physiological needs 2. safety needs 3. belonging needs 4. esteem needs 5. self actualization
55
The big 5 personality factors
1. Conscientiousness: self-discipline, careful pursuit of delayed goals 2. Agreeableness: helpful, trusting, friendliness 3. Neuroticism: anxiety, insecurity, emotional instability 4. Openness: flexibility, nonconformity, variety 5. Extraversion